Understanding the Barriers and Attitudes toward Influenza Vaccine Uptake in the Adult General Population: A Rapid Review (original) (raw)
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Beliefs and attitudes towards the influenza vaccine in high-risk individuals
Epidemiology and Infection, 2017
SUMMARYSocietal and economic impact of influenza is mainly due to influenza infection of specific groups, who are at higher risk of health complications leading up to hospitalisation or death. In this study we applied the health belief model (HBM) to evaluate beliefs and attitudes towards influenza disease and vaccine in community-dwelling high-risk individuals (aged 65 or more or having a chronic disease). We conducted a mixed-method study using data collected through a telephone survey of a household unit sample. We used thematic analysis to map responses to HBM dimensions and Poisson regression to model vaccine non-uptake prevalence. The main self-reported reason not to take the vaccine referred to the susceptibility dimension: ‘considering oneself to be a healthy person’ (29·8%, (95% confidence interval (CI) 22·1–38·7)). Bad experiences after vaccination – barriers dimension – were also commonly reported (17·0%, (95% CI 10·8–23·8)). Vaccine non-uptake prevalence was 22% higher i...
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), influenza epidemics result in 250,000 to 500,000 deaths annually worldwide [1]. In 2009, the H1N1 influenza pandemic posed a worldwide public health threat [2]. Although the WHO International Health Regulations Emergency Committee declared an end to the global pandemic in 2010, the virus itself continues to be transmitted during seasonal outbreaks [3]. Person-to-person transmission of influenza via droplets is common inside and outside health care facilities. Healthcare Workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of occupational acquisition and spreading to healthy staff and vulnerable patients [4,5]. Elderly persons, children, immunocompromised individuals, and pregnant women are at increased risk of infection, leading to several complications and potential deaths [4]. Influenza vaccination decreases the risk of infection in the population, prevents nosocomial infections, decreases morbidity and mortality among patients, and minimizes absenteeism among HCWs [5-7]. It has been estimated that implementing a vaccination program with 100% adherence for all individuals at risk across the European Union would save 15 million euros spent on primary care visits and approximately 1.6 billion euros due to reduced hospitalizations [8]. Annual Influenza vaccination has been recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since the early 1980s (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/adults/ index.html). Nevertheless, coverage remains largely inadequate reaching 65% of the elderly US population [9] and only 35.4% of the at risk population in the European Union [3].
Eurosurveillance, 2009
A cross-sectional telephone survey on a nationally representative sample of 1,000 Greek households was performed to assess the acceptability of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v vaccine, factors associated with intention to decline and stated reasons for declining vaccination. The survey was initiated the last week of August 2009 (week 35) and is still ongoing (analysis up to week 44). The percentage of participants answering they would "probably not/definitely not" accept the vaccine increased from 47.1% in week 35 to 63.1% in week 44 (test for trend: p<0.001). More than half of the people which chronic illnesses (53.3%) indicated "probably not/definitely not". Factors associated with intention to decline vaccination were female sex, age between 30-64 years, perception of low likelihood of getting infected or of low risk associated with influenza, and absence of household members suffering from chronic illnesses. For the majority of the respondents (59.8%), the main reason for intending to decline vaccination was the belief that the vaccine might not be safe. Promotion of vaccination programmes should be designed taking into account the attitudinal barriers to the pandemic vaccine.
Attitudes and behavior of health care personnel regarding influenza vaccination
European Journal of Epidemiology, 1994
This paper reports the results of a study conducted by the Italian Association for Immuneprophylaxis promotion (AIPI) with the aim of surveying the attitudes and perceptions of Italian health care workers regarding the use and efficacy of influenza vaccine. The results clearly show that a high proportion of the questioned health care workers showed a general lack of concern about the severity of the disease. Doubts about vaccine efficacy and fear of post-vaccination side effects were also observed to have an important influence on the vaccination acceptance rates. These data underline the need for a systematic education program to provide influenza vaccination within the public and private health-care sectors in Italy.
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 2021
Background For a vaccine to be successful, communities must perceive it as important, safe, effective, and necessary. However, there are many barriers and hesitancies to vaccination. Underserved patient populations may face additional challenges related to access and cost. Since community pharmacists improve vaccine access and increase vaccination rates, it is beneficial for pharmacists to understand perceptions and barriers to vaccinations in their community to increase vaccine confidence. Objective(s): This study aims to assess and compare barriers and perceptions of the annual influenza to the COVID-19 vaccine for underserved patients of a charitable pharmacy. Methods Patients who qualified to receive medications from an outpatient charitable pharmacy took an electronic survey when receiving medications. The survey incorporated questions developed by the World Health Organization’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Vaccine Hesitancy on a 5-point Likert scale. Questions about the influenza and COVID-19 vaccines mirrored one another. Demographic data such as age, race, sex, and education level were also collected. Results Of the 189 patients surveyed at the charitable pharmacy, 71.7% were ages 55 and older and 58.9% were female. Of note, 78% and 77% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the influenza and COVID-19 vaccines, respectively, were important for the health of others in their community. Side effects and the cost of the COVID-19 vaccine were noted to be significantly more of a concern with the COVID-19 vaccine when compared to the influenza vaccine (P<0.001). Conclusion(s): Ensuring equitable vaccine access, promoting the COVID-19 vaccine as free, and eliciting and addressing individual persons’ concerns related to vaccine safety and side effects are all important ways pharmacists as well as other healthcare providers and community stakeholders can help promote vaccine confidence within the populations they serve.
2020
Introduction: Worldwide influenza vaccination rates remain low despite guideline recommendations to support vaccinations. It is important to identify attitudes, barriers and motivating factors influencing patients' vaccination behaviours. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and factors influencing the vaccination behaviours against influenza and sources of information used by patients about influenza vaccine. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, self administered questionnaire-based study of 229 patients who visited infectious diseases and clinical microbiology outpatient clinic between December 2018 and February 2019. The questionnaire consisted of 39 items in 5 sections: Demographic data (8), questions about influenza vaccine (9), vaccination history (2), factors influencing vaccination behaviours (18) and sources of information used by patients about influenza vaccination (2). Results: Vaccinated group had a higher education level compared to the unvaccinated group, and the difference was statistically significant (p= 0.007). Vaccination against any diseases in adulthood was also statistically higher in the influenza-vaccinated group (p= 0.000). Other features were similar in both groups. The percentage of correct answers to proposals were similar and high between the two groups. Correct answers given to "People with chronic illness should have a flu vaccine" was statistically higher in the vaccinated group (80.5% vs. 61.8%, p= 0.004). Regular annual vaccination rate was only 10.3% in the vaccinated group. The most common motivating factor in vaccination was doctor's advice (54.5%). The most common barrier against influenza vaccination was the idea that they did not need vaccination (51.3%). The information source affecting the patients mostly was the doctors in both vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Conclusion: In order to increase the knowledge level and vaccination rates, doctors should be informed rigorously about advising influenza vaccine to patients, especially high risk groups. Education and advice from healthcare professionals about vaccine is crucial for increasing vaccination rate.
Predictors of influenza vaccine acceptance among healthy adults
1999
Many employers offer their employees free influenza Background. Previous studies investigating prevaccines each Fall. Vaccinating against the flu is imdictors of influenza vaccine acceptance have focused portant because approximately 15 million working days on high-risk patients or health care workers. Few studare lost each year in the United States due to influenza ies have examined flu shot acceptance among healthy , and it is estimated that the average total costs of adults in workplace settings, even though influenza influenza are in excess of $3 billion . Most previous vaccine is recommended for this group as well.
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2011
Background Health care workers' (HCWs) influenza vaccination attitude is known to be negative. The H1N1 epidemic had started in mid 2009 and made a peak in October-November in Turkey. A national vaccination campaign began on November 2nd, 2009. Despite the diligent efforts of the Ministry of Health and NGOs, the attitudes of the media and politicians were mostly negative. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether HCWs' vaccination attitudes improved during the pandemic and to assess the related factors. Methods This cross-sectional survey was carried out at the largest university hospital of the Aegean Region-Turkey. A self-administered questionnaire with 12 structured questions was applied to 807 HCWs (sample coverage 91.3%) before the onset of the vaccination programme. Their final vaccination status was tracked one week afterwards, using immunization records. Factors influencing vaccination rates were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression. Results Among 807 participants, 363 (45.3%) were doctors and 293 (36.6%) nurses. A total of 153 (19.0%) had been vaccinated against seasonal influenza in the 2008-2009 season. Regarding H1N1 vaccination, 143 (17.7%) were willing to be vaccinated vs. 357 (44.2%) unwilling. The number of indecisive HCWs was 307 (38.0%) one week prior to vaccination. Only 53 (11.1%) stated that they would vaccinate their children. Possible side effects (78%, n = 519) and lack of comprehensive field evaluation before marketing (77%, n = 508) were the most common reasons underlying unwillingness or hesitation. Among the 749 staff whose vaccination status could be tracked, 228 (30.4%) actually received the H1N1 vaccine. Some of the 'decided' staff members had changed their mind one week later. Only 82 (60%) of those willing, 108 (37%) of those indecisive and 38 (12%) of those unwilling were vaccinated. Indecisive HCWs were significantly younger (p = 0.017). Females, nurses, and HCWs working in surgical departments were more likely to reject vaccination (p < 0.05). Doctors, HCWs working in medical departments, and HCWs previously vaccinated against seasonal influenza were more likely to accept vaccination (p < 0.05). Being younger than 50 and having been vaccinated in the previous season were important predictors of attitude towards pandemic influenza vaccination. Conclusions Vaccination rates increased substantially in comparison to the previous influenza season. However, vaccination rates could have been even higher since hesitation to be vaccinated increased dramatically within one week (only 60% of those willing and the minority of those indecisive were finally vaccinated). We speculate that this may be connected with negative media at the time.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018
Background: The percentage of adults in the U.S. getting seasonal influenza vaccination has not changed significantly since 2013 and remains far below the federal government's 70% target. Objective: This study assessed and identified characteristics, experiences, and beliefs associated with influenza vaccination using a nationally representative survey of 1005 U.S. adults 19 years old and older. Methods: The sample was drawn from the National Opinion Research Center's AmeriSpeak Panel, a probability-based panel designed to be representative of the U.S. household population. Results: Overall, 42.3% received an influenza vaccination in the past 12 months, with rates highest for non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks and those 65 years old and older. Hispanic respondents and those under 64 years old were much less likely to get an influenza vaccination. They were also less aware of the recommendation, less informed about influenza and the benefits of vaccination, and least confident in the vaccine. Conclusions: Increasing influenza vaccination coverage in the U.S. requires a greater focus on 19-64 year-olds, particularly those 50 to 64, Hispanics and continued focus on those with diabetes and asthma. Efforts need to increase awareness of influenza vaccination recommendations, foster a sense of being well informed about influenza vaccination benefits and the risks associated with non-vaccination, and increase confidence that there are meaningful benefits from receiving an influenza vaccination.