Membrane fatty acid modification of the neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid, NG108-15 (original) (raw)
Related papers
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 1981
The effects of alterations in membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition on the excitability of neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells, clone NGI08-15, were examined using intracellular recording techniques. Cells were grown in the presence of arachidonate (20:4) added to the culture medium as a complex with bovine serum albumin. Exposure of the cells to 20:4for 3-21 days produced a 40 % decrease in the maximum rate of rise of the action potential (dV/dt) with a small change in its amplitude. The resting membrane potential and passive properties of the cells were unaffected. An effect of 20:4 was not observed until 24 hr after treatment and increased over the next 2 days. The phospholipid content of 20:4 and its metabolite 22:4 increased from 6.9 % to 25.3 % of total fatty acids during approximately the same time span. It is concluded that the action potential dV/dt can be altered by changes in membrane lipid composition.
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, 1982
In this study the effects of experimental modifications of plasma membrane lipid lateral mobility on the electrical membrane properties and cation transport of mouse neuroblastoma cells, clone Neuro-2A, have been studied. Short-term supplementation of a chemically defined growth medium with oleic acid or linoleic acid resulted in an increase in the lateral mobility of lipids as inferred from fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of the lipid probe 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanide iodide. These changes were accompanied by a marked depolarization of the membrane potential from-51 mV to-36 mV, 1.5 h after addition, followed by a slow repolarization. Tracer flux studies, using S6Rb÷ as a radioactive tracer for K ÷ , demonstrated that the depolarization was not caused by changes in (Na ÷ + K +)-ATPase-mediated K + influx or in the transmembrane K ÷ gradient. The permeability ratio (PNa/PK), determined from electrophysiological measurements, however, increased from 0.10 to 0.27 upon supplementation with oleic acid or linoleic acid. This transient rise of PN,/Px Was shown by 24Na+ and S6Rb+ flux measurements to be due to both an increase of the Na + permeability and a decrease of the K ÷ permeability. None of these effects occurred upon supplementation of the growth medium with stearic acid.
Journal of Neurochemistry, 1990
Modifications of plasma membrane acyl-linked phospholipid fatty acid composition were produced by supplementing the culture medium with essential fatty acids. The plasma membrane fraction was purified by Percoll gradient centrifugation from dissociated fetal rat brain cells grown in a serum-free culture medium. Both the concentration dependence and the time course of the modifications were examined. Supplementation of the medium with essential polyunsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid (1 8:3w3) or linoleic acid (1 8:2w6), produced incorporation of the elongated and desaturated products of w3 or w6 class, respectively, i.e., the incorporation was class specific. Within each class, the most unsaturated and elongated members, i.e., terminal members, were preferentially incorporated until they reached a maximum concentration within 6-7 days. At higher concentrations of supplemented fatty acids, additional class specific incorporation in plasma membrane was produced by an increase in the concentration of intermediate members. At the same time, the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids declined and that of saturated fatty acids remained unchanged. The modifications in fatty acid composition were reversible, with the time course similar to that of incorporation. The total plasma membrane phospholipid and sterol contents did not change with alterations of fatty acid composition, but did change with time in culture. This preparation should prove useful for investigating the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain cell functions, including neuronal excitability. Key Words: Dissociated primary culture-Essential fatty acids-Plasma membrane-Sterols-Brain cells-Serum-free culture medium. Park C. C. et al. Manip ulation of plasma membrane fatty acid composition of fetal rat brain cells grown in a serum-free defined medium.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 2010
Rat neural stem cells/neural progenitors (NSC/NP) are generally grown in serum-free medium. In this study, NSC/NP were supplemented with the main long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) present in the brain, arachidonic acid (AA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and were monitored for their growth. Lipid and fatty acid contents of the cells were also determined. Under standard conditions, the cells were characterized by phospholipids displaying a highly saturated profile, and very low levels of PUFAs. When cultured in the presence of PUFAs, the cells easily incorporated them into the phospholipid fraction. We also compared the presence of three membrane proteins in the lipid raft fractions: GFR and connexin 43 contents in the rafts were increased by DHA supplementation, whereas Gb subunit content was not significantly modified. The restoration of DHA levels in the phospholipids could profoundly affect protein localization and, consequently, their functionalities.
Journal of Neurochemistry, 1984
Rats were fed through four generations with a semisynthetic diet containing 1 .O% sunflower oil (6.7 mg/ g n-6 fatty acids, 0.04 mgig n-3 fatty acids). Ten days before mating, half of the animals received a diet in which sunflower was replaced by soya oil (6.6 mg/g n-6 fatty acids, 0.8 mg/g n-3 fatty acids) and analyses were performed on their pups. Fatty acid analysis in isolated cellular and subcellular material from sunflower-fed animals showed that the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids was not reduced in any cellular or subcellular fraction (except in 60-day-old rat neurons). All material from animals fed with sunflower oil showed an important reduction in the docosahexaenoic acid content, compensated (except in 60-day-old rat neurons) by an increase in the n-6 fatty acids (mainly C22:S n-6). When comparing 60-day-old animats fed with soya oil or sunflower oil, the n-31n-6 fatty acid ratio was reduced 16-fold in oligodendrocytes, 12-fold in myelin, twofold in neurons, sixfold in synaptosomes, and threefold in astrocytes. No trienes were detected. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were hardly affected. This study provides data on the fatty acid composition of isolated brain cells. Key Words: Neurons-Astrocytes-Oligodendrocytes-Myelin-Synaptosomes-n-3 Fatty acids-Diet. Bourre J. M. et al. Alterations in the fatty acid composition of rat brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes) and of subcellular fractions (myelin and synaptosomes) induced by a diet devoid of n-3 fatty acids. . (1971) Brain recovery from essential fatty acid deficiency in developing rats. J . Neurochem. 18, 869-882. 175-184.
Incorporation of Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids into Sphingolipids of Cultured Neural Cells
Journal of Neurochemistry, 1991
We examined effects of exogenous very-long-chain fatty acids on lipids of cultured chick neurons and astrocytes. When chick neurons were incubated in chemically defined medium containing 10 pM nervonic acid (C24: 1) for 7 days, it was found that a major fatty acid moiety of gangliosides and sphingomyelin was nervonic acid itself, which was not normally detected in the sphingolipid fraction. This alteration in the fatty acid composition apparently occurred in each ganglioside species. Under these experimental conditions, nervonic acid was not found in the glycerophospholipid fraction, and the amounts of tnacylglycerol and free nervonic acid increased. Addition of behenic acid (C22:O) or erucic acid (C22: 1) also induced changes in the fatty acid composition of gangliosides. When chick astrocytes were incubated in the presence of 10 pA4 nervonic acid for 7 days, no significant change was observed in the fatty acid composition of gangliosides. These studies indicate that the manipulation of the fatty acid moiety of sphingolipids in cultured neurons is possible. Key Words: Very-long-chain fatty acids-Gangliosides-Sphingomyelin-Cultured neurons-Astrocytes. Saito M. and Saito M. Incorporation of very-long-chain fatty acids into sphingolipids of cultured neural cells. J. Neurochem. 57,465-469 (1991). ~
Reproduction Nutrition Development, 2005
This issue of Reproduction Nutrition Development was scheduled along with 8 papers on the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their physiological roles within the central nervous system. Topics focused on PUFAs from the n-3 series, especially on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which is particularly abundant in the cell membranes of brain and retina. Reviews and original articles emphasize the impact of n-3 PUFAs on the physical properties of membranes, the neuroprotective mechanisms via Ca 2+ signalling in astrocytes, the n-3 status of infants suffering of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the mental development of neonates in relation with maternal feeding. The DHA metabolism in humans and its endogenous production from alpha-linolenic acid is reviewed. Besides, it is described and discussed how the generation of PUFAderived mediators is modulated by the retinoic acid-receptor signalling via activation of cognate phospholipase activities. The sensitivity and recovering of neurons to oxidative stress is also addressed in this volume, through the description of a model of iron-induced injury in the rat brain. The diversity of these 8 articles illustrates the multiple roles of PUFAs within the central nervous system. arachidonic acid / astrocytes and calcium signalling / Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder / central nervous sytem / docosahexaenoic acid / endogenous conversion / membrane physical properties / milk and infant mental development / omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids / oxidative stress / phospholipases / raft / retinoic acid * Corresponding author: Jean-Marc.Alessandri@jouy.inra.fr
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2003
Rats were fed from conception till adulthood either with normal rat chow with a linoleic (LA) to linolenic acid (LNA) ratio of 8.2:1 or a rat chow supplemented with a mixture of perilla and soy bean oil giving a ratio of LA to LNA of 4.7:1. Fat content of the feed was 5%. Fatty acid and molecular species composition of ethanolamine phosphoglyceride was determined. Effect of this diet on gene expression was also studied. There was an accumulation of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic acids (AA) in brains of the experimental animals. Changes in the ratio sn-1 saturated, sn-2 docosahexaenoic to sn-1 monounsaturated, sn-2 docosahexaenoic were observed. Twenty genes were found overexpressed in response to the 4.7:1 mixture diet and four were found down-regulated compared to normal rat chow. Among them were the genes related to energy household, lipid metabolism and respiration. The degree of up-regulation exceeded that observed with perilla with a ratio of LA to LNA 8.2:1 [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 ]. It was concluded that brain sensitively reacts to the fatty acid composition of the diet. It was suggested that alteration in membrane architecture and function coupled with alterations in gene expression profiles may contribute to the observed beneficial impact of n À 3 type polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognitive functions. D
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 1998
Abbreviations: cerebellum (CB), frontal cortex (FC), hippocampus (HC), hypothalamus (HT), occipital cortex (OC), pituitary (PIT), striatum (ST). Rats fed rat chow with: 6% soybean oil = normal standard (group C), 6% primrose oil (group P), 6 % fish oil (group F), a combination of 4.5% primrose and 1.5% fish oil (group P+ F).
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2014
This review deals with the effects of synthetic and natural fatty acids on the biophysical properties of membranes, and on their implication on cell function. Natural fatty acids are constituents of more complex lipids, like triacylglycerides or phospholipids, which are used by cells to store and obtain energy, as well as for structural purposes. Accordingly, natural and synthetic fatty acids may modify the structure of the lipid membrane, altering its microdomain organization and other physical properties, and provoking changes in cell signaling. Therefore, by modulating fatty acids it is possible to regulate the structure of the membrane, influencing the cell processes that are reliant on this structure and potentially reverting pathological cell dysfunctions that may provoke cancer, diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The so-called Membrane Lipid Therapy offers a strategy to regulate the membrane composition through drug administration, potentiall...