Fault Ride-Through Techniques for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Wind Turbines (PMSG-WTGs): A Systematic Literature Review (original) (raw)
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Modeling and Investigation of Fault Ride Through Capability of Variable Speed Wind Turbines
2010
, 121 pages Technological improvements on wind energy systems with governmental supports have increased the penetration level of wind power into the grid in recent years. The high level of penetration forces the wind turbines stay connected to the grid during the disturbances in order to enhance system stability. Moreover, power system operators must revise their grid codes in parallel with these developments. This work is devoted to the modeling of variable speed wind turbines and the investigation of fault ride trough capability of the wind turbines for grid integration studies. In the thesis, detailed models of different variable speed wind turbines will be presented. Requirements of grid codes for wind power integration will also be discussed regarding active power control, reactive power control and fault ride through (FRT) capability. Investigation of the wind turbine FRT capability is the main focus of this thesis. Methods to overcome this problem for different types of wind turbines will be also explained in detail. Models of grid-connected wind turbines with doubly-fed induction generator and permanent magnet synchronous generator are implemented in the dedicated power system analysis tool PSCAD/EMTDC. With these models and computer simulations, FRT capabilities of v variable speed wind turbines have been studied and benchmarked and the influences on the grid during the faults are discussed.
Fault ride-through capability of doubly-fed induction generators based wind turbines
2015 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC), 2015
purposes, at its discretion, the above title upon the request of individuals or institutions. I understand that my thesis will be electronically available to the public. The author reserves other publication rights, and neither the thesis nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's written permission. The author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any copyrighted material appearing in the thesis (other than the brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing), and that all such use is clearly acknowledged.
Energies, 2016
Currently, the electric power production by wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) has increased significantly. Consequently, wind turbine (WT) generators are requested to fulfill the grid code (GC) requirements stated by network operators. In case of grid faults/voltage dips, a mismatch between the generated active power from the wind generator and the active power delivered to the grid is produced. The conventional approach is using a braking chopper (BC) in the DC-link to dissipate this active power. This paper proposes a fault-ride through (FRT) strategy for variable-speed WECSs based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). The proposed strategy exploits the rotor inertia of the WECS (inertia of the WT and PMSG) to store the surplus active power during the grid faults/voltage dips. Thus, no additional hardware components are requested. Furthermore, a direct model predictive control (DMPC) scheme for the PMSG is proposed in order to enhance the dynamic behavior of the WECS. The behavior of the proposed FRT strategy is verified and compared with the conventional BC approach for all the operation conditions by simulation results. Finally, the simulation results confirm the feasibility of the proposed FRT strategy.
Fault ride-through capability test unit for wind turbines
Wind Energy, 2008
The GAMESA voltage ride-through capability test unit was designed as a tool for voltage dip studies for different wind turbine (WT) configurations and to investigate specific grid code requirements. By generating a voltage dip at the WT terminals, the WT manufacturer is able to check that the equipment works according to the design specifications, fulfils the grid code requirements and can validate the simulation models. This paper presents a description of the unit, the methodology used in the field tests and the results of the study.
Fault Ride-Through Study of PMSG based Offshore Wind Farms during Grid Faults
As the wind power penetration continues to increase in the modern day electrification, the stabilized operation of wind farms interconnected with grids pose an alarming situation. Typically for an asymmetric grid fault, whose probability of occurrence is more than 70%, the voltage and VAR profile of the wind farm gets disturbed thus leading to erroneous operation of wind energy conversion system. LVRT (Low Voltage Ride-Through) requirements for the wind energy conversion systems typically for an offshore based grid interconnection are still under discussion. This paper presents a FACT device based LVRT capability, where the FACT device injects 1pu reactive current in the grid during asymmetric faults as well as symmetric three phase faults. Index Terms: LVRT-Low Voltage Ride-Through, FACT-Flexible AC Transmission, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS).
Fault Ride Through Technique for DFIG-based Wind Turbines Under Grid Three-phase Faults
2018
In modern power systems with increasing penetration of wind turbines (WTs), improvement of low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of WTs equipped with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) is an important topic. Thus, this paper proposes an LVRT strategy and compares its performance with a widely used conventional LVRT strategy. The proposed strategy is designed with a capacitor connected in series with an inductor and both are connected in parallel to a resistor. This configuration is then connected to the ac side of the rotor side converter (RSC) via an R-L circuit. To validate the performance of the proposed scheme, three phase fault condition is simulated and analysed. Based on simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink, there is significant improvement achieved in the stated objectives compared to the conventional LVRT scheme.
An improved fault ride-through strategy for doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbines
Iet Renewable Power Generation, 2008
Keeping the generators operating during transient grid faults becomes an obligation for the bulk wind generation units connected to the transmission network and it is highly desired for distribution wind generators. A proposed scheme is implemented to keep the wind-power DFIG operating during transient grid faults. Challenges imposed on the generator configuration and the control during the fault and recovering periods are presented. A comprehensive time domain model for the DFIG with the decoupled dq controller is implemented using Matlab/Simulink software. Intensive simulation results are discussed to ensure the validity and feasibility of the proposed fault ride through technique. The scheme protects the DFIG components, fulfills the grid code requirements and optimises the hardware added to the generator. Different strategies have been presented through literatures to achieve reasonable FRT for wind turbine
IET Renewable Power Generation, 2018
Fault-ride-through (FRT) is an imperative capability in wind turbines (WTs) to ensure grid security and transient stability. However, doubly fed induction generator-based WTs (DFIG-WTs) are susceptible to disturbances in grid voltage, and therefore require supplementary protection to ensure nominal operation. The recent amendments in grid code requirements to ensure FRT capability has compelled this study of various FRT solutions. Therefore, for improving FRT capability in pre-installed WTs, re-configuration using external retrofit-based solutions is more suitable and generally adapted. The most relevant external solutions based on retrofitting available are classified as (a) protection circuit and storage-based methods and (b) flexible alternating current transmission system-based reactive power injection methods. However, for new DFIG-WT installations, internal control modification of rotor-side converter (RSC) and grid-side converter (GSC) controls are generally preferred. The solutions based on modifications in RSC and GSC control of DFIG-WT are classified as (a) traditional control techniques and (b) advanced control techniques. This study ensures to curate and compare the FRT solutions available based on external retrofitting-based solutions and internal control modifications. Also, the future trends in FRT augmentation of DFIG-WTs are discussed in this study.
Enhanced Crowbar Protection for Fault Ride through Capability of Wind Generation Systems
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS), 2016
Due to increasing demand in power, the integration of renewable sources like wind generation into power system is gaining much importance nowadays. The heavy penetration of wind power into the power system leads to many integration issues mainly due to the intermittent nature of the wind and the desirability for variable speed operation of the generators. As the wind power generation depends on the wind speed, its integration into the grid has noticeable influence on the system stability and becomes an important issue especially when a fault occurs on the grid. The protective disconnection of a large amount of wind power during a fault will be an unacceptable consequence and threatens the power system stability. With the increasing use of wind turbines employing Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) technology, it becomes a necessity to investigate their behavior during grid faults and support them with fault ride through capability. This paper presents the modeling and simulation o...
Fault ride-through enhancement of wind turbines in distribution networks
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2013
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