Growth Performance, Hematological and Mineral Profile of Post-Weaning Calves as Influenced by Inclusion of Pelleted-Concentrate Supplement Containing Essential Oils and Probiotics (original) (raw)
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Acta Veterinaria Brno, 2015
The aim of this study was to prove the hypothesis that the growth and health of calves are dependent on feed supplements with an antidiarrhoeic effect, in relation to sex, season of birth, and number of the dam's lactations. A total of 186 calves were included in the experiment. After birth the calves were divided into three treatment groups: Ascophyllum nodosum (brown seaweed hydrolyzate, prebiotics), Lactobacillus sporogenes (probiotics), and the control group. All calves were weighed within two h after birth. The growth and health were investigated from the birth to the fourth week of age. Compared to the control, a significant effect of applied feed supplements was found in the Lactobacillus sporogenes group in the body weight at 28 days of life (P < 0.01) and in the average daily gains (P < 0.001). Differences between sexes were found in the body weight at birth (P < 0.001) and in the body weight at 28 days of life (P < 0.01). The effect of the season of birth was recorded in the average daily gains (P < 0.01). The effect of the number of the dam's lactations on calf was proved in body weights at birth and 28 days of life (P < 0.01). The interaction between treatment and sex (P < 0.05), and between treatment and season of birth (P < 0.01) were calculated in the average daily gains. We concluded from the analysis that only the use of Lactobacillus sporogenes had a positive influence on increasing the growth. Neither of the two supplements had a positive impact on the health of calves.
2017
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of a medical plant mixture and probiotic on performance, blood parameters, digestibility of some nutrients, and health status of suckling Holstein calves. Thirty newborn calves (1–10 days) with 42 ± 8 kg of average birth weight were used in a factorial arrangement (3 × 2) with 6 treatments and 5 replicate. The treatments were: (1) control diet, (2) control diet +2g probiotic per day, (3) control diet + 1.5% medical plant, (4) control diet +1.5% medical plant +2g probiotic per day, (5) control diet + 3% medical plant and (6) control diet +3% medical plant +2g probiotic per day. During first month, experimental factors have no effect on starter and hay intake, whereas total DMI was affected by herbal (H) effect in second month (p < .01). Calves fed on H1.5 diet had the highest starter and total DMI and calves fed on PH3 diet had the lowest value. Daily weight gain (DWG) was affected significantly by H (p < .01) whereas no effect...
PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION FOR FRIESIAN CALVES 1-PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
Egyptian J. Nutrition and Feeds, 2005
Forty-eight suckling Friesian calves and heifers during winter (30 animals with average live body weight of 32.70±0.79 kg) and summer seasons (18 animals with average live body weight of 36.35±0.65 kg) were divided into three comparable groups based on sex and birth weight. In the control group (G1), animals were fed a basal ration consisted of whole milk, starter and fresh berseem (winter season) or berseem hay (summer season). While in the second (G2) and third (G3) groups, animals were fed a basal ration supplemented with 5 and 10 g Bio-Top/calf/day in the whole milk once time daily during the morning suckling, respectively. The obtained results showed that the digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, CF, EE and NFE and subsequently TDN, ME and DCP values were significantly higher (P<0.05) for groups supplemented with probiotic compared with control group and for winter than summer season. While, there were nearly similar for male and female calves. Calves of G3 (10 g Bio-Top) recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest intakes of TDN and ME followed by those in G2, while control group (G1) had the lowest intakes. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in DM and DCP intakes among the different groups. The intakes of DM, TDN, ME and DCP were higher significantly (P<0.05) for winter compared with winter season. While, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in DM, TDN, ME and DCP intakes between male and female calves. Calves of G3 showed significantly (P<0.05) the lowest ruminal pH value and NH3-N concentration and the highest TVFA's concentration, followed by G2, while control group had the opposite values. Moreover, the concentration of NH3-N was higher significantly (P<0.05) for winter compared with summer season, while pH value tended to be lower and TVFA's concentration tended to be higher for winter compared with winter season. Ruminal pH value and TVFA's and NH3-N concentrations were nearly similar for male and female calves. Probiotic supplementation led to increasing body weight, daily weight gain and body weight gain improvement. Calves born in winter revealed significantly (P<0.05) the higher body weight at 10 and 15 weeks and daily weight gain during the periods of 1-5, 6-10 and 1-15 weeks of age. While, calves born in summer season had significantly (P<0.05) the higher daily weight gain during the period of 11-15 weeks of age. Moreover, body weight of male calves was significantly (P<0.05) higher than female calves. While, there were no significant differences in daily weight gain between male and female calves. Probiotic supplementation improved significantly feed and economic efficiencies. Feed and economic efficiencies were higher significantly for winter than summer season. While, there were no significant differences in feed and economic efficiencies between male and female calves.
Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth of crossbred calves
2009
Forty-five weaner Chinchilla rabbits (42-d-old, average weight 619 g) randomly assigned to three equal treatments, control with no probiotic and the other two with probiotics (10 7 CFU/g concentrate) Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactococcus lactis. They were reared in individual cages and fed on ad libitum concentrate and wilted Lucerne (Medicago sativa) up to 91 d of age. Compared to control L. acidophilus improved weight gain (24.5 vs. 22.5 g/d, P < .05), whereas it was intermediate with L. lactis. Both probiotics improved the feed conversion ratio (3.91 and 3.96 vs. 4.34, P < .05) but no effect on dry matter intake (95.8 and 92.7 vs. 98.0 g). Dry matter and organic matter digestibility improved with L. acidophilus (72.8 vs. 67.0%, P < .05), whereas it was intermediate with L. lactis. Probiotics also improved (P < .05) digestibility of crude protein (82.7 vs. 74.9%) and neutral detergent fibre (41.9 vs. 29.4%). Nitrogen utilization improved with reduced faecal excretion in probioticssupplemented groups. Probiotics had non-significant effect on carcass traits and fatty acid profile (P > .05). Thus L. acidophilus supplementation enhanced digestibility and utilization of nutrients, weight gain and feed conversion ratio with no negative effect on carcass traits and fatty acid profile.
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2018
SummaryThe objective was to evaluate interactions between starter protein (180 vs. 200 g/kg, DM basis) and a mixture of essential oils (EOs; containing thymol, eugenol, vanillin, limonene and guaiacol) on growth, metabolic and ruminal functions of Holstein dairy calves. In a completely randomized 2 × 2 factorial design, 48 calves, 3 days old (averaging BW 42.7 ± 1.9 kg), were allocated into groups fed the following diets: (i) 180 g/kg CP with no EO (180P‐NEO); (ii) 180 g/kg CP with EO (180P‐EO); (iii) 200 g/kg CP with no EO (200P‐NEO); and (iv) 200 g/kg CP with EO (200P‐EO). The EO was supplemented as 1 g/kg of starter DM. Calves were fed ad libitum starter diet and were weaned at day 59 of age, but diets continued until day 80. There were no interactive effects of CP and EO on intake and growth. Pre‐weaning feed efficiency tended to be increased for 200P‐EO (p = .09). Average daily gain and feed efficiency during pre‐weaning period as well as weaning weight were increased (p < ....
Journal of Dairy Science, 2019
The objective of this research was to determine if form of calf starter (CS) and addition of a fatty acid blend (FA) influenced intake, growth, digestion, and indices of immune status and stress in calves from 0 to 4 mo of age. Male Holstein calves [n = 48; 41.9 kg of body weight (BW), standard error = 0.7; 2 to 3 d of age] were assigned to receive reconstituted whole milk powder [0.66 kg of dry matter (DM)/d to 39 d, then 0.33 kg of DM/d to weaning at 42 d] without or with added FA. Calf starters were textured (pellet, whole oats, whole corn) or pelleted and were offered for ad libitum consumption from 0 to 56 d, then blended with 5% chopped grass hay and fed from d 57 to 112. Starters contained 20% crude protein (CP) and 38 to 40% starch in the DM. From d 0 to 56, calves were housed individually. From d 57 to 112, calves were grouped into pens by treatment (n = 4/pen). Form of CS during the initial 56 d had no effect on intake or growth, though days with fluid feces (fecal score ≥2.5) were greater when calves were fed textured CS. Feeding FA during the initial 56-d increased average daily BW gain, gain-to-feed ratio, and change in hip width, and reduced the number of days calves were treated with antibiotics. During d 57 to 112, CS form had no effects on any performance measure. Adding FA to CS increased average daily BW gain and hip width change, and tended to improve efficiency of BW gain. Totaltract digestibility was estimated at 4, 6, and 8 wk with 5 calves per treatment, and at 10, 13, and 16 wk of age using pen (n = 3 per treatment) as the experimental unit. Feeding FA increased or tended to increase totaltract digestion of DM, organic matter, starch, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), CP, and fat at one or more measurement periods. Calves fed a textured CS increased or tended to increase digestion of DM, organic matter, starch, sugar, NDF, ADF, and CP during wk 6 and 8. However, during the second 56-d phase, feeding textured CS reduced or tended to reduce digestion of DM, organic matter, starch, NDF, ADF, and fat during wk 13 and 16. Inclusion of FA in milk increased serum bactericidal activity before weaning. Serum haptoglobin concentration increased 3 d postweaning when calves were fed textured CS. Feeding FA improved animal health, digestion, and performance. Form of CS had few effects on animal performance.
Fourteen male crossbred Friesian calves with an average initial (LBW) 288 kg were used in a fattening trial for 80 days, to study the effect of adding probiotics to untraditional feed rations of fattened male calves on their fattening performance. Experimental animals were randomly assigned into two nutritional groups (7 animals/ group) to be fed on citrus pulp silage, wheat germ, barley sprout and molasses, whereas calves of the treated group were daily supplemented in their ration with 10ml/calve/day probiotic (ZAD). Rations nutrients digestibility and fiber fraction, calves ADG, feed conversion ratio and boneless meat percentage were estimated. Results obtained showed that, adding probiotic ZAD to ration of treated calves group increased (P<0.05) digestibil-ity of NDF and ADF percentages to 42.85 and 54.01 in treated ration in compare with 25.18 and 37.68 for the control group, respectively. Applying probiotic (ZAD) to rations of the treated calves increased (P<0.05) ADG in the hall fattened period to 1.011, in compare with 0.886 kg/calve/day in the control group; improving (P<0.05) calves feed conversion ratio (FC) to (3.305 kg TDNI) in compare with (4.579 kg) for the control group, respectively; and insignificantly (FC) of DMI and CPI in calves of the treated group. Also, increased (P<0.05) bone-less meat percentage in carcasses of slaughtered treated calves to 51.10% in compare with 44.41% in the control carcass calves. In conclusion, supplementing silage of agriculture byproducts with ZAD probiotic, in presence of barley sprout, molasses and wheat germ results in improving rations nutrients digestibility, calves' growth performance and feed conversion ratio.
Probiotic and prebiotic feed additives in calf nutrition
Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2021
The target of the research was to analyze the effect of antidiarrheal feed additives on calves average daily weight gain. In the study, 120 calves were analyzed. Newborns were selected into 3 treatment groups, control (without supplementation) and group with Ascophyllum nodosum (prebiotics), and mixture of Lactobacillus sporogenes, Enterococcus faecalis and Bifidobacterium bifidum (probiotics). Individual body weight of animal were determined after 2 hours postpartum. Monitoring of the growth intensity, as well as health status were done till 56 days of age. Significant effects (P<0.01) of additive supplementation were found in the group with probiotics, in body weight at the age 21 days, as well as at the age of 56 days of life. Significant effect (P<0.01) of probiotics supplementation was found also in daily weight gains of animals. On the base of analyzed results, probiotics in calves nutrition stimulate the body weight.
The Effect of High Quality Feed Supplement on Growth Performance Post-Weaning Calves
Buletin Peternakan
This research aimed to evaluate the effect of high quality feed supplement (HQFS) in growth performance of post-weaning calves. Twenty four calves post-weaning aged 6 months old, consisting of 12 males and 12 females, randomly divided into 2 groups, each group consisting of 6 calves. Grouping male and female calves fed control feed plus HQFS, was formulated from corn grain, corn gluten meal (CGM), pollard, soybean meal (SBM), wheat flour and agromix booster (treatment diet) as first group (treatment), and the second group was fed control feed without addition of HQFS (control). This study was conducted for 6 weeks. The variables observed included feed intake (dry matter, crude protein, and TDN), weight gain, feed conversion, feed cost per gain and body size (body length, chest girth, and withers height). The treatment was in factorial 2x2 in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Growth performance of post weaning calves were analyzed as repeated measures with feed (treatment and con...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018
Twenty four female KF calves were selected and distributed randomly into 4 groups of 6 animals each based on their body weight and age in a randomised block design (RBD). In group T 1 , the concentrate mixture consisted of mineral mixture without iodine. The animals in group T 2 and T 3 were supplemented with iodine at 0.25 and 0.5 ppm of dietary DM while in group T 4 , 4 micronutrients i.e. chromium, niacin, vitamin E and Zn were supplemented @ 1.5, 600 40 and 40 ppm, respectively for 150 days. Results showed that there were no significant differences among the treatments in both the season in morning rectal temperature. However in afternoon rectal temperature significant (<0.01) difference was observed in treatment groups. The rectal temperature was significantly (P<0.05) higher in summer as compared to winter. Pulse rate was significantly (P<0.05) differ among the overall treatment groups. The mean morning pulse rate was significantly (P<0.01) higher in winter as compare to summer. Interestingly in afternoon pulse rate is significantly (P<0.05) higher in summer as compare to winter. In morning respiration rate there is no significant difference observed due to treatment groups In winter season and summer season .however in afternoon respiration rate was significantly lower in treatment group (T 4) as compare to other .In season wise respiration rate was significantly (P<0.01) higher in summer as compare to winter. Cortisol (ng/ ml) was significantly (P<0.05) lower in T 4 (1.55 a ±0.13) groups than T 1 (2.19 b ±0.21) group. However in season wise mean plasma cortisol (ng/ ml) levels was significantly (P<0.01) higher in summer as compared to winter. This study concludes that the micronutrients are beneficial for comforts of animals and it should be altered according to season i.e. to decrease the stress levels of animal and increase efficiency K e y w o r d s