عوامل موثر بر کیفیت آموزش دستیاری در بخش اورژانس؛ یک مطالعه مقطعی (original) (raw)
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Background and aim: It is necessary to state total information about the design, procedures, intervention groups in study, results for data in order to present a suitable report of controlled randomized clinical trial. This study was aimed to evaluate the quality of materials and methods for the writings of final proposal in clinical trial studies in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 53 approved final proposals of controlled randomized clinical trial studies in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences were selected from 1998 to 2013. The selection and quality of material and method writing was evaluated based on final version of consort checklist. Results: The scores mean was obtained for the quality of materials and methods writings based on the checklist 6.75±1.92. The notation of interventions in each group (%96.2), identification of primary and secondary study (%88.7), and the state of statistical ways (% 86.8) showed the most scores and the randomizing the least score (%3.8). The projects which were the student theses rather than not being thesis (p=0.011). Conclusion: Performed clinical trials in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences aren't in a suitable report way. So, it is advised to provide a standard consort instruction and was delivered to researchers, reviewers, and statistical counselors in order to design study and report clinical trial studies.
تکامل مهارتهای بازانديشی پرستاران پس از بهکارگيری پورت فوليو: يک مطالعه کيفی
مجله ايراني آموزش در علوم پزشکی, 2012
Introduction: Use of portfolio is growing as a functional tool in promotion and development of general and specific skills such as reflection and making link from theory to practice. This study aimed to explore nurses' perceptions and experiences of using portfolio. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted during years of 2009-2010 through qualitative content analysis method in a university hospital in Bushehr. At first, portfolio was introduced to nurses and they used portfolio in their clinical performance for a year. Finally 26 nurses were selected through purposeful sampling. Three focus group discussions were run for data collection. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interviews were continued until data saturation and then themes were extracted. Results: Subsequent to data analysis of participating nurses' perceptions and experiences, theme of "ladder of reflective development" was derived from interviews. This theme encompasses steps of reflection development in nurses and four steps of feeling strange, anxiety reduction and acceptance, internalization, and learning and application was introduced. Conclusion: Steps of reflective thinking skills development indicated an inadequate knowledge level among nurses about portfolios and reflection. However, portfolio left a positive impact on reflective thinking skills of nurses and use of portfolio. Therefore, use of this tool is recommended to be considered in clinical nursing.
بررسی ديدگاه دانشجويان در خصوص جو آموزشی (مدل DREEM) در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان در سال 1390
Background and objective: The educational environment may be varied in different teaching and learning areas whether it is close to or away from standards. Educational climate is a representative of curriculum, dominant spirit on schools, and educational programs. Learning environment is a determining factor and is an indication of students' perception of their embedded learning circumstance. This study aimed to investigate the views of the students about their learning environment based on DREEM model. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted in 2011 on 148 medical and paramedical students using cluster sampling method. Data was gathered by DREEM questionnaire consisting of learning, teachers, and students' perception of academic ability, educational climate, and social environment domains. The questionnaire total score was categorized in five groups; undesirable (0-50), semi desirable (51-100), somewhat desirable (101-150), good (151-200), and very good (201-250). Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with p<0.05. Results: 3.4 percent of the students perceived educational climate as very satisfactory, 67.6 percent as favorable, 28.4 percent somewhat favorable, and 0.7 percent as low. There was a significant relationship between gender and educational climate(p<0.05). The male students had more positive view toward educational environment of the university than the female peers. Conclusion: The majority of the students perceived the educational environment of the university as optimum. Male students had more positive view toward educational climate of the university than the female ones.
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 2019
Background and Aim: Time is the main determinant factor for survival chance in trauma patients. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the effect of management programs in trauma patients on time indices of pre-hospital emergency missions. Materials and Methods: In this controlled field trail, 60 pre-hospital emergency technicians were divided into two test and control groups, by means of stratified random sampling. Prehospital trauma management training programs which had been formulated on the basis of available national and global standards were implemented, by using a combination of training lecture and simulation methods for the test group. Research tools were demographic questionnaire and standard pre-hospital emergency care reporting form. Mean values for time indices were determined before, after, and also one month after intervention in both groups. Using SPSS 19, data were analyzed by independent t-test, Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance, and Bonferroni's follow up test. Results: Mean scene time in the test group (one month after intervention) was significantly lower than that in the control group (p=0.05). Also, mean and standard deviation of scene time in the test group decreased from 17.6±5.5 minutes (before intervention) to 12±3.8 minutes (one month after intervention), which showed a significant reduction (p˂0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, performance of pre-hospital trauma management training programs can lead to reduction of scene time in pre-hospital emergency missions. Therefore, considering the role of reduced scene time in the prognosis of trauma patients, integration of the periodic training of the trauma management programs into pre-hospital emergency training programs seems necessary.
پزشکی مبتنی بر شواهد؛ قسمت دوم: ارزش اخباری مثبت و منفی تست های تشخیصی
2015
در شماره 2، دوره 2، صفحات 105-107 مجله طب اورژانس ایران بعضی از ویژگی های تست های تشخیصی در قالب یک مقاله آموزشی با عنوان "پزشکی مبتنی بر شواهد؛ قسمت اول: تعریف و محاسبه ساده حساسیت، ویژگی و دقت یک تست" تعریف شده و نحوه محاسبه آنها بیان گردید. مقاله حاضر قصد دارد تا دو ویژگی دیگر تست های تشخیصی شامل ارزش اخباری مثبت و منفی را مورد توجه قرار دهد. ارزش اخباری مثبت و منفی به ترتیب عبارتند از موارد مثبت و منفی حقیقی گزارش شده توسط یک تست. به بیانی دیگر این مقادیر بیان کننده این نکته هستند که اگر یک فرد با یک تست مورد آزمایش قرار بگیرد، احتمال مثبت یا منفی بودن حقیقی تشخیص در آنها چقدر است.
2011
Abstract: The present study aims to identify influential factors embedded in the curriculum of BA level mathematics teacher training courses in Iran and the quality of their interconnection according to the subject instructors at schools, professors at the universities, BA students of mathematics teacher training courses and MA students of pure and applied mathematics and mathematics education. A total number of 203 mathematics teachers who worked at school participated in this study. The second, third and fourth groups forming the sample also consisted of 15, 38 and 18 participants respectively. Findings of the study which relied on a causal-comparative method revealed that according to the participants, five influential factors in curriculum of BA mathematics teacher training courses in order of importance are: professional qualification of university professors, pedagogical knowledge of the content, optimal teaching of specialized mathematical content, internship and general pedagogy. Although the optimal teaching of specialized mathematical content factor was ranked third in importance, it had the highest rate of reference by the participants. Data analysis showed that decreasing focus on general pedagogy and improving the professional qualification of mathematics professors positively affects optimal teaching of specialized mathematics content. However, less focus on general pedagogy must take place only after optimization of the professional qualification and replacement of instructional content of general pedagogy by pedagogical knowledge of the content. Keywords: Curriculum, mathematics teaching, teacher training, professional qualification, mathematics knowledge
تأثير آموزش مهارتهای اجتماعی بر رفتار سازگارانه کودکان عقب‌مانده ذهنی خفيف
2003
هدف: پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی ميزان اثربخشی آموزش مهارتهای اجتماعی بر رفتار سازگارانه کودکان عقب‌مانده ذهنی خفيف انجام شده است. روش: 28 دانش‌آموز که برپايه آزمون هوش وکسلر کودکان، عقب‌مانده ذهنی خفيف تشخيص داده شده و دارای سطوح سازگاری پايين در خرده مقياس‌های مهارتهای زندگی روزمره و مهارت اجتماعی‌شدن مقياس واينلند، با هوشبهر 63 تا 67 و در گروه سنی 11 سال تا 11 سال و 10 ماه بودند، انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه آزمايش (14=n) و گواه (14=n) تقسيم شدند. نخست هر يک از آزمودنیها به‌کمک فهرست مهارتهای اجتماعی و دو خرده مقياس مهارتهای زندگی روزمره و مهارت اجتماعی‌شدن مقياس واينلند ارزيابی شدند. سپس آموزش مهارتهای اجتماعی به‌مدت 5/2 ماه در 15 جلسه آموزشی برای آزمودنی‌‌های گروه آزمايش اجرا شد. در پايان دوره آموزش و 2 ماه پس از آن، همه آزمودنیها دوباره به کمک ابزارهای يادشده ارزيابی شدند. يافته‌ها: تحليل داده‌ها نشان داد که گروه آزمايش پس از پايان جلسات آموزشی، بهبود معنی‌داری را در زمينه رفتار سازگارانه (مجموع مهارتهای زندگی روزمره و مهارت اجتماعی‌شدن) و مهارتهای اجتماعی پيدا ک...