Quality and Yield of Edible Vegetables from Landscape Design (original) (raw)
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Home gardens and backyards – suitable area for vegetable production
Acta Horticulturae, 2016
Vegetable crop production in gardens and yards has often been connected with both open field and greenhouse production of the most significant vegetable crops. Usually one or two crops are grown on one part of the garden, and the rest is less cultivated or covered by weeds. For the purpose of improving vegetable production, the trial was set as an open field and greenhouse production with no added heating, covering an area of 480 m 2 , i.e., 240 m 2 (8×30 m) of open field, and 240 m 2 (8×30 m) of greenhouse area (without the added heating). The trial included 14 vegetable crop species: peas, radish, kohlrabi, spinach, lettuce, cabbage, pepper, tomato, beetroot, kale, onion, garlic, cucumber, and chard. The following parameters were monitored during the production: previous crop species, main and succeeding vegetable crops, i.e., rotation of 2-3 vegetable crops on one surface, planting date, harvesting date, production area, inter-row spacing, intra-row spacing, plan population density per m 2 , absolute seed weight, required seed quantity for sowing, yield, and total yield. Annual results provided us an insight into how a well-organized vegetable crop production can offer a possibility of turning small gardens and backyards into a useful vegetable production area, in both open field and greenhouse production. Naturally, production of each vegetable crop requires regular education and specialization of producers in order to be carried out according to production principles and result in safe and health-certified products.
Organic Farming as a System to Provide Better Vegetable Quality
Acta Horticulturae, 2003
Organic farming is commonly regarded as a system improving vegetable quality. The aim of work was to analyse the effects of the organic methods on the vegetable quality during its production and storage on the way to the consumer. Therefore the nutritive, sensory and storage quality of carrots and potatoes from organic farms has been compared to the crops quality from conventional farms. It was found that organic vegetables had lower yields, but most of their nutritive, sensory and storage quality attributes were better than in the conventional crops. It should be emphasised that lower level of nitrates and simultaneously higher content of vitamin C in organic potatoes can have an important anti-carcinogenic impact on human organism. Organic vegetables more readily comply with food requirements for infants and small babies and should be recommended for baby foods. Organic farming can be considered as a system providing good conditions to improve the vegetable quality. Nevertheless there are many possibilities to ameliorate the methods of cultivation and storage of organic crops to obtain better production and qualitative results.
Quality and nutritional value of vegetables from organic and conventional farming
Scientia Horticulturae, 2013
Consumers demand for healthier food and governments' policies for environmental sustainability of agricultural processes are increasingly promoting a rapid expansion of organic farming. Nevertheless, the link between organic products and their enhanced nutritional/environmental values is far from being fully understood. In this context, we have begun to assess the effect of cultivation variables that may interact with farming systems and ultimately affect the final product quality. By comparing the response to conventional vs. organic farming of cauliflower, endive and zucchini here we demonstrate that the overall quality of organic products depends on many interacting variables. In cauliflower, the cultivar effect overwhelms other quality determinants with respect to antioxidant activity and nitrate accumulation. In endive, the liposoluble antioxidant activity increases under organic cultivation only in the absence of mulching. Finally, organic farming promotes the accumulation of K in zucchini grown on clay but not on sandy soil. Therefore, understanding the functional links between cultivation variables and physiological responses is essential to improve and standardize the quality of organic products.
Impacts of Organic and Conventional Management on the Nutritional Level of Vegetables
Sustainability
The nutrient concentration of fruits and vegetables in the U.S.A. has declined in the past 50–70 years. Crop management practices utilizing on-farm inputs are thought to increase crop nutritional quality, but few studies have evaluated this under long-term side-by-side trials. An experiment was conducted from 2004 to 2005 at Rodale Institute’s long-term Farming Systems Trial to investigate the nutritional quality of vegetables under organic manure (MNR) and conventional (CNV) farming systems, with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatment. AMF reduced the vitamin C content in carrots in both systems in 2004, but the reduction was 87% in CNV and 28% in MNR. AMF also reduced antioxidants in carrots in both CNV and MNR. This trend was likely due to the suppression of native AMF colonization by the non-native AMF inoculum used. Between 2004 and 2005, MNR increased the vitamin C in green peppers by 50% while CNV decreased the vitamin C in red peppers by 48%. Tomatoes under ...
Acta Horticulturae, 2016
Tomato is one of the most important vegetables in the world; its demand is increasing for its antioxidant properties and high content of lycopene. An agroecological strategy to reduce pests and use of agrochemical inputs is intercropping, a common practice of many small farmers. In order to achieve sustainable production, we compared the tomato crop 'Rio Grande OP' produced by a monoculture system, with intercropping systems of; zucchini, crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), basil, green bean and lettuce in an organic production system. The associated crops were sown at the same date between tomato crops. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was used to compare the productivity of the tomato-cropping systems. Production of tomatolettuce and tomato-green bean did not significantly differ from the monoculture. In the tomato-basil, tomato-crotalaria and tomato-zucchini systems yield decreased up to 64% of the monoculture. The tomato-lettuce association obtained the highest percentage of premium quality fruits according to local market standards. The LER of the tomato-lettuce and tomato-green bean was 1.3 and 1.2, respectively. The experiment shows that mixed cropping can lead to additional production opportunities. In addition to the tomato production, 30% more lettuce and 20% more green bean can be obtained without compromising tomato yields and dry matter content.
This comprehensive new textbook uses a scientific approach to explain the principles of modern conventional and sustainable vegetable production. The book describes the basic botany of vegetables, environmental requirements for successful growth and development, mineral nutrition, field establishment, harvesting, and post-harvest handling practices. The book includes chapters describing the major vegetable crops by family, including pests, harvesting practices, and quality attributes. Additional chapters describe key concepts such as the basics of both high and low input production methods, including organic farming, protected culture, biological contamination, Good Agricultural Practices, water management, cropping systems, genetic improvement, and mineral nutrition.
Determination of Yield Produced Per 50kg Sacks for Selected Vegetable Crops Grown in Multistorey Gardening at Menschen Für Menschen Foundation Agroecology Department Demonstration Site, Harar, Ethiopia, 2016
The study was conducted at Menschen fur Menschen Foundation Agro Technical and Technology College Demonstration site, Harar, Ethiopia from October, 2015 to February, 2016. The experiment was conducted to determine the yield produced per 50kg sacks filled with a moist and rational mixtures of well fertilized soils for selected vegetable crops grown in multistorey gardening. The experiment consisted of three types of vegetable which were grown each in three 50kg sacks filled with a moist rational mixture of well fertilized soils. Thus, a total of nine 50kg sacks were used for this study. Results of this study indicated that the yield per 50kg sacks filled with moist rational mixtures of soils resulted in 5.0, 4.5 and 7.0 kg for lettuce, Swiss chard and Tomato respectively. As a recommendation, the study suggested that there is a need for more promotion of multi-storey gardens as an urban farming technology to increasing food production for home consumption for disadvantaged groups such as immigrants, HIV-AIDS affected households, disabled people, female-headed households with children, elderly people without pension. This will avert food security problem in the country by having continuous food supply throughout all seasons.
2012
The purpose of this study is to highlight the productive and ornamental value of vegetable growing in order to create a utilitarian and decorative garden. Numerous plants were studied, which have been chosen considering the family need for daily food and the consumption of various fresh vegetables during one year time. The vegetable species have been placed on the field appropriate for this study, in regulate geometrical forms (square, quadrangle, rhombus, etc.), surrounded by alleys covered with turf aimed for circulation, on agro textile sheets. The sequence of cultures has been made according to the technical culture rotation rules, considering also the complete field occupation from spring to fall. The plants used have been the following: pea, radish, onion, garlic, tomato, lettuce, pepper, cucumber, etc. All species registered satisfactory productive results and due to the fact that along the year, depending on the species and period of time chosen, the plants proved ornamental...
Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, 2022
Background: The use of crop improvement practices in vegetable cultivation has increased during the last years. Methods: A field experiment was conducted on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Research Farm of Vegetable Science, Dr YSP UHF Nauni, Solan in the year 2018-2019 in a randomized complete block design with three replications in order to evaluate the effects of planting methods, mulching and training system on soil temperature and yield of tomato. Treatments consisted of planting methods (raised bed, flat bed), mulching treatments (black mulch, silver/black mulch and no mulch) and training systems (two stem training and three stem training). Result: Results of the study indicated highest values of plant height, fruit weight,yield and soil temperature were observed under raised bed planting methods, black mulch along with two stem trained plants. Also black coloured mulch had significantly higher values of marketable yield. The highest soil temperature was found to be higher...
Present Environment and Sustainable Development, 2017
Soil fertility properties, irrigation water quality, mineral nutrition, and some vegetables mineral composition were studied in the frame of a project regarding yield quality monitoring in certified organic vegetable farms, in two farms placed on the outskirts of Bucharest Municipality which provide products for the town’s organic market. Chemical analysis of the soil samples collected from the two farms reflects a good fertility, close to the natural one of this region soils, with well-balanced organic matter, total nitrogen, accessible phosphorus and potassium contents. The nitrates contents concord with the plants nutrition demands and don’t present the risk to accumulate in vegetables or to leach into the groundwater. Slightly increased microelements, both total and soluble forms, occur. Soil microbiological properties are favorable for vegetable plants growth. A good biodiversity is noticed. There are differences between soil properties in open field and greenhouses, induced bo...