Imaging of temporomandibular disorder and its mimics (original) (raw)

The Spirit of Cocktails: On the Conceptual Structure of Cocktail Recipes

2020

In this paper, we discuss the conceptual structure of cocktail recipes. This topic involves engaging questions for philosophers and food theorists due to some peculiar characteristics of cocktail recipes, such as the fact that they are standardised by international associations but, nonetheless, vagueness in some elements of the recipes introduces a degree of variability between cocktails of the same type. Our proposal is that a classical theory of concepts is unable to account for such peculiar features. Thus, only a hybrid theoretical approach, combining definitional and prototypical aspects, can capture how cocktail recipes are usually conceptualised among bartenders and mixologists: while the spirit is usually a necessary (though not sufficient) condition for establishing whether an individual cocktail falls under a specific cocktail concept, all the other ingredients and procedures listed in recipes may vary to a certain extent. In order to assess whether variability in prototy...

Dirty Martini: Toasting with Marcella Althaus-Reid

Book Chapter, 2021

A bar is a place for meetings; and also for avoidances. There are upscale bars, which have their audience very restricted. On the other hand, there are tacky bars where anyone can enter. This paper is about the latter: a communal space for everyone, where when you do not have money for a drink, there is always a friend to help you pay the bill. In that type of bars —where friends meet and also there is the possibility of meeting new people—, one can also find some lonely people who prefer to drink alone. However, in those places, they are never really alone. There is always a festive mood, where loud music mingles with the exalted conversations from people at the next table. Among all these people, there is one person that stands out: the bartender. S/he stays there all night, making drinks, listening to the conversations, and earning tips. Making a drink requires not only knowledge but also intuition. Creating a cocktail can be considered as an art — the same with doing theology.

Drinking for Health: Proprietary Tonic Wines

Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 2018

To the medically uneducated public [meat and malt wines] undoubtedly seem a most promising combination: extract of meat for food, extract of malt to aid digestion, port wine to make blood-surely the very thing to strengthen all who are weak and to hasten the restoration of convalescents. Unfortunately, what the advertisements say-that this stuff is largely prescribed by medical men-is not wholly true. 1 In an article in The British Medical Journal in 1898, Dr F. C. Coley argued that doctors should warn patients and the general population to be wary when buying meat and malt wines. The problem with tonic wines was that they made bold therapeutic claims about the healthgiving properties of alcohol based on flimsy medical evidence. Although the therapeutic use of alcohol was generally supported and propagated by doctors who wrote prescriptions for alcohol, it was important that its therapeutic use remains within the boundaries of medical control and not be thrown open to 'the medically uneducated public.' In other words, alcohol still had a place in medicine but the general public could not be trusted to use it wisely or responsibly. Yet despite the reservations of the medical profession, tonic wines were a commercial success and the idea of drinking for health was popular among alcohol consumers. Foley's argument highlights one of the main concerns about the marketing of tonic wines expressed by the 1914 Commission on Patent Medicines, which investigated the supposed endorsement of these CHAPTER 10

The Puzzle of Italian Drinking

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

During the recent decades, a significant process of change in alcohol consumption patterns is currently ongoing in Italy. This is especially obvious in the decreased wine consumption during the last 40 years, which parallels the decrease in deaths from liver cirrhosis. The drinking patterns of younger people have also changed during the last two decades, even if traditional values and practices are still retained. There is no evidence to suggest that planned public health policies had any substantial impact on these changes.

Sensory acceptability and personality traits both determine which contexts are preferred for consumption of alcoholic cocktails

Food Quality and Preference, 2020

Alcoholic cocktails are consumed in very different situations and then consumers may differ in their favorite context to drink a cocktail. Diversity in the preferred context of cocktail consumption may reflect individual differences in taste responsiveness and personality traits as well as cocktail liking. This study aims at: 1) extending the efficacy of a coupled semiotic and statistical methodology for text analysis in uncovering aspects of preferred contexts of cocktail consumption; 2) testing if specific preferred contexts of cocktail consumption are related to individual differences; 3) investigating the relationships between preferred context to have cocktails and patterns of liking for cocktails. 159 cocktails consumers were characterized by personality traits, cocktail involvement, alcoholic beverages intake and PROP taster status and were asked to describe their preferred context to consume an alcoholic cocktail. Consumers were then asked to taste in blind conditions and rate their liking of six alcoholic aperitif cocktails. Three thematic clusters were identified (relax, sociability, aperitif). The relax lovers preferred a comforting context to have a cocktail; these consumers expressed a lower liking for the six evaluated samples than aperitif lovers but resulted more involved with cocktails as compared to the cluster sociability. This latter group of consumers focused on social aspects and novelty; they reported a higher intake of spirits than the cluster aperitif and showed higher scores in sensation seeking and disinhibition than the other clusters. The cluster aperitif described their favorite context as a "before dinner" situation; they were more involved with cocktails than the sociability cluster. Finally, the three clusters did not differ in PROP taster status distribution. The approach has proven to be useful to collect information and to segment consumers on the preferred aspects of cocktail experience. The study showed that consumer clusters with different preferred context for cocktail consumption differ in liking for the cocktails, personality traits, attitudes and alcohol intake.

"Scotch and Soda"

Scotch & Soda was a collaborative performance, written and produced in April 2013. Inspired by the scientific principles of “carbonation” and/or “heat of solution”—both of which come into play when making a scotch and soda—this version of the script includes full and partial scenes, along with recipes for performance composition based on prompts used to create the 2013 version of the production. The recipes are invitations for further adaptation, as well as potential launching points from which one might create a work that is distinctly different from, or quite similar to, what is presented here. In preparing the script for a Text and Performance Quarterly audience, we also include academic interludes—moment designed to complicate, recall, promote, and reconsider the many forms of labor that go into making a performance, and then gifting it forward. Keywords: Performance; Collaboration; Performance composition; Cocktail; Devising