A Qualitative Analysis of Police Interactions and Disproportionate Minority Contact (original) (raw)
Related papers
2020
The purpose of this paper is to explore the racial disparities between white and Hispanic youth, and other minority youth while highlighting that black youth are incarcerated at disproportionate rates than another race. Further, examine whether the juvenile and criminal justice systems play significant roles in perpetuating discriminatory practices from policing to punishment, thus exacerbating the rates of African-American youth involvements with the justice systems and increased confinement. Historically, the juvenile court advocated for children to be protected and guided by the court under the framework of parens patriae—Latin for "parent of the nation." The juvenile justice system has strayed from its operative parental responsibilities of rehabilitation to punitive incarceration of youth. Scientific discourse changed long-held perception of youth, marking adolescence as a separate developmental period in which cognition and emotional maturity are not entirely developed. Yet, a large proportion of minority youth are over-represented in the criminal justice system, mainly black youth compared to their white counterparts. Utilizing mixed methods research—qualitative and a review of scholarly writing and secondary sources on the topic, this paper seeks to demonstrate how the juvenile justice system is failing to preserve the welfare of children while squandering taxpayers' dollars in the guise of public safety, and offer alternatives that are sustaining to the overall well-being of youth, particularly black youth.
Journal of Crime and Justice, 2018
The current study provides a systematic review of 107 studies. Studies were drawn from academic journals, reports, and edited books from January 2001 to December 2014. The main question addressed by the review asks, 'What does recent literature tell us about minority status and juvenile justice processing?' The purpose of this article is to review recent studies that examine the role that race and ethnicity play in the juvenile justice decision-making process. Results illustrate the overall complexity of the issues surrounding DMC. This paper discusses several of the limitations with existing DMC studies, details the overall findings of a quantitative analysis of empirical DMC studies, summarizes policy recommendations and considers future directions for DMC research. Part II presents a matrix of articles identified by the search.
Journal of crime & justice, 2018
The current study provides a systematic review of 107 studies. Studies were drawn from academic journals, reports, and edited books from January 2001 to December 2014. The main question addressed by the review asks, 'What does recent literature tell us about minority status and juvenile justice processing?' The purpose of this article is to review recent studies that examine the role that race and ethnicity play in the juvenile justice decision-making process. Results illustrate the overall complexity of the issues surrounding DMC. This paper discusses several of the limitations with existing DMC studies, details the overall findings of a quantitative analysis of empirical DMC studies, summarizes policy recommendations and considers future directions for DMC research. Part II presents a matrix of articles identified by the search.
Exploring the Impacts of Racial Disparity Within the American Juvenile Justice System
Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 2020
The racial disparity in the American juvenile justice system impacts the lives of many youth of color. Youth of color constitute 34% of the U.S. population, however, they make up 62% of the youth charged in the juvenile justice system. The cycle of racial inequality and imprisonment are factors influenced by residential segregation and policing practices. Juvenile justice involvement leads to poorer physical and mental health in youth, stymied social outcomes, poorer familial relationships, decreased graduation and employment rates, increased rates in violence, and longterm negative future outcomes. The article advocates for mental health treatment and family services to be incorporated within incarcerated settings. Clinical strategies and future direction are discussed to begin to combat these various adverse impacts.
International Journal of Scientific Advances, 2021
Youths under 18 years get trapped into the Juvenile Justice System after being suspected of committing a delinquent or criminal act. The United States tops in Juvenile arrests in the world. States like West Virginia, Alaska, Oregon, South Dakota, and Wyoming have the highest number of juveniles. However, an estimated 2.1 million youths under 18 years were arrested in the United States during a single year. This paper aims to address the current racial differences that exist within the criminal justice system. By addressing challenges like youths of color are more likely to be committed than white youths into the juvenile system will assist in curbing racial disparity. Statistics reveal that 42% of youths in the placement holdings are black youths, even though black youths make up for 16% of youths all over the United States. In California alone, African American juveniles take 27.5% while whites take up 15%. Even though the system's laws contain no racial bias, research shows that discrimination can occur where the system allows criminal justice officials discretion in handling offenders. Black youths take up for 15% of the total number of youths in the USA get they have the highest juvenile detentions of 42%, but it is difficult to deny these records since there is evidence like arrest and imprisonment records to back up this claim. The racial disparities exist from targeting the blacks, arrest, sentencing, imprisonment, and release. These actions promote discrimination among the black youths, and black youths are likely to get significant sentencing compared to whites for the same crimes committed. Different states in the United States have different racial disparities, California and Texas, blacks serve long sentences, unlike the whites. There are various causes of racial disparities like; some black residences are known for crime, and they have huge offence rates, unequal access to resources, judicial decisions, and racial prejudice. After the research, it was evident that racial disparity exists, and it can only be corrected by looking at the root cause of the problem widely, which is discrimination. Race plays a significant role when it comes to juvenile detentions. Youths of color are four times more probable to be detained, unlike white youths. The research designed a method of tracking racial disparities via a hypothetical juvenile jurisdiction criminal justice system. The paper will extensively dive into juvenile population characteristics, juvenile justice system structure, law enforcement, juvenile crime, juveniles in court, juveniles on probation by the state, juveniles in the correction by the state and foreign nations, and an analysis of all the findings. The extensive research will be able to answer all the questions to the problem of racial disparity.
Juvenile Justice Processing:The entangled effects of race and urban poverty
Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 1998
The overrepresentation of minority youths in the American juvenile justice system is well documented. Official reports as well as empirical research studies clearly indicate that relative to their proportion in the total juvenile population, minority offenders are disproportionately arrested, referred to court, detained (pretrial), adjudicated, and confined in secure facilities This study addresses the issue of how race and urban poverty affect minority overrepresentation in the juvenile justice system, using data from 2,003 court cases referred to 13 urban Ohio juvenile courts in 1989. Results of logistic regression analyses show that: I ) minority offenders are more likely to be detained than whites; 2) detention status augments juveniles' chances o f being adjudicated and confined; 3) minority juveniles who are from welfare families are more likely to be confined than their self-sustaining counterparts. A cultural stereotype based on juveniles' race and class constitutes the basis of differential treatment.
Minorities and the Juvenile Justice System: Research Summary
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 1995
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