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Chorological and taxonomic notes on African plants, 2
Botany Letters, 2017
The taxonomy of complicated native African taxa, Biscutella maritima (Brassicaceae) and annual species of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae) is discussed. The distribution of B. maritima is widened to the most of the coastal areas of NE Algeria and N Tunisia. Morphological differences with regard to other North African members of Biscutella ser. Biscutella are reported to facilitate the identification of B. maritima. We propose to accept four annual Sesuvium species (instead of the one previously accepted species, S. sesuvioides sensu amplissimo) with different distributions in Africa: S. digynum, S. hydaspicum, S. sesuvioides s.str. and S. nyasicum. A delimitation key based on morphological and carpological characters is provided. Lectotypes of S. digynum, S. digynum var. angustifolium, S. hydaspicum, S. nyasicum, Diplochonium sesuvioides (Sesuvium sesuvioides) and Trianthema polysperma (synonym of Sesuvium hydaspicum) are selected. Other discussed taxa belong to the alien elements of the flora. Atriplex semibaccata (Amaranthaceae-Chenopodiaceae) is reported as a new species for Cape Verde. Gaillardia × grandiflora (Asteraceae) is discovered as a new species for Africa found in Morocco. Prosopis velutina (Fabaceae) is collected for the first time in Northern Africa (Morocco). Mollugo verticillata (Molluginaceae) is recorded as a new species for DR Congo. Its morphology, including seed ornamentation, is discussed in reference to other similar-looking Molluginaceae. Incidence of American species Heterotheca subaxillaris (Asteraceae) in North Africa is discussed. Vernonanthura polyanthes (Asteraceae) is recorded as a naturalized invasive species in eastern Zimbabwe. It seems to be the first documented discovery of this ergasiophyte in Africa. data (Pearson et al. 2007) using the maximum-entropy method (MAXENT software, Version 3.3.3 K) (Phillips, Anderson, and Schapire 2006). Specifically, we used 75% of the species occurrence data for training the model while 25% of the data was set aside for testing the species distribution model. We then used the 10th percentile threshold to determine how well the species distribution model performed in estimating the suitable range of V. polyanthes. The species distribution model was significant (p < 0.01) and performed well with an Area Under Curve of more than 0.99. Seeds sources from specimens of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae), Mollugo and related taxa from Molluginaceae were examined using a scanning electron microscope (JSM-6380, JEOL Ltd., Japan). The list of the specimens investigated is given below; for detailed studies on taxonomy and seed morphology of these and other species of Mollugo s.str. and related genera see Sukhorukov and Kushunina (2016a, 2017).
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, which is an important alkaloid-yielding medicinal and ornamental plant belonging to family Apocynaceae. It is an evergreen shrub and found to grow in the world in many places around the country. The genus Catharanthus comprises 8 species, out of which seven species are endemic to Madagascar namely C. roseus, C. coriaceus, C. lanceus, C. longifolius, C. ovalis, C. scitulus and C. trichophyllus where as one is confined to India and Sri Lanka that is C. pusillus. The genus Catharanthus is well reported for producing biologically active terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) with over 130 compounds isolated and identified. Alkaloids of this plant have a great medicinal importance to treat diabetes, malaria, menorrhagia, Hodgkin's disease, circulatory ailments, cancer etc. C. roseus has a high salt tolerance, up to 2000 ppm. Several scores of ornamental cultivars of C. roseus bred for differing shoot habit, time of blooming, petal coloration and suitability for cultivation in homes and gardens are in vogue worldwide. Though considerable variations can be observed in gardens around the world, attempts have not been made so far to study the morphological relations among different species of Catharanthus. In view of these facts the study was conducted for the identification of plant by doing assessment of morphological relationship between two selected species of Catharanthus using leaf – length, breath, seed-colour, texture, stem-colour, texture, bark, etc., may be useful to legitimatize conservancy of commercially important species. Thus a complementary method based on plant morphology for the identification of Catharanthus species of the region is essential and is provided. In this context, this work can lead to development of an efficient protocol to study the morphological relationship between two selected species of Catharanthus using morphological characters.
Two new genera of Acanthaceae from tropical Africa
Kew Bulletin
Summary DNA sequence data, macro-morphological evidence and pollen analysis are used to clarify the phylogenetic placement of two African species of Acanthaceae: Schaueria populifolia C.B.Clarke and Rhinacanthus ndorensis Schweinf. The combined data demonstrate that these species are only distantly related to the genera in which they are currently placed and provide strong support for recognition of new genera to accommodate them. Two new genera are therefore proposed and a taxonomic account is provided for each of these. The first, Champluviera I.Darbysh., T.F.Daniel & C.A.Kiel, is based primarily on S. populifolia but Chlamydocardia nuda C.B.Clarke (= Justicia tigrina Heine) is also included within this new genus based on shared morphological traits, at least one of which is synapomorphic and restricted to these species. Based on molecular evidence, Champluviera is placed in a well-supported clade of several genera that are together sister to the core Isoglossinae lineage of tribe...
Nuevas alóctonas en Malvaceae para la flora africana del norte, con notas nomenclaturales
Collectanea Botanica, 2020
New alieNs iN Malvaceae for the North africaN flora, with NoMeNclatural Notes.-As part of ongoing studies on Tunisian Malvaceae, populations of two Hibiscus species (H. rosa-sinensis and H. syriacus) and Lagunaria patersonia were discovered in northern Tunisia, representing first records for the national and North African flora. Morphological characters, as well as ecological and chorological data are given. Nomenclatural notes about the names H. acerifolius (= H. syriacus), H. chinensis (= H. syriacus), H. patersonius (basionym of L. patersonia), and H. rhombifolius (= H. syriacus) are provided, i.e. indication of the holotype for Hibiscus chinensis (van Braam Houckgeest's illustration), and designation of lectotypes for H. acerifolius (a Salisbury's illustration), H. rhombifolius (Cavanilles's illustration), and H. patersonius (Andrew's illustration). Further illegitimate and invalid names (Althaea frutex, H. floridus, Ketmia syrorum, K. arborea, and K. arborescens) are also treated.
Taxonomic novelties in African Dracaena (Dracaenaceae)
In preparing the treatment of Dracaena for Flore du Gabon and Flore d’Afrique centrale, a relatively high number of taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties were discovered; these are presented here. Within Dracaena five species and one forma are described as new, D. bushii, D. haemanthoides, D. marina, D. wakaensis, D. waltersiae and D. laxissima forma aureilicia. Each new species is provided with a full description and taxonomic notes. Apart from that, five species are reinstated, D. braunii, D. nitens, D. perrottetii, D. tholloniana and D. usambarensis. A further 23 names are treated here as a synonym for the first time: D. bequaertii, D. buettneri, D. cuspidibracteata, D. densifolia, D. gabonica, D. gazensis, D. ledermannii, D. letestui, D. litoralis, D. longipetiolata, D. monostachya var. angolensis, D. oddonii, D. perrottetii var. minor, D. poggei, D. pseudoreflexa, D. reflexa var. buchneri, D. rubroaurantiaca, D. soyauxiana, D. talbotii, D. tessmannii, D. usambarensis var. longifolia, D. vanderystii and Pleomele heudelotii, while for four names a neotype and for 14 names a lectotype has been designated. Distribution maps are provided for a total of 23 species. An index of taxon names is included.
An updated classification for Apocynaceae
Phytotaxa, 2014
An updated suprageneric classification is provided for Apocynaceae to bring the family into better agreement with recent morphological and molecular, mainly phylogenetic-based, results. A total of 366 genera are recognized and placed within five subfamilies, 25 tribes and 49 subtribes. In Apocynaceae s. str., one new tribe (Amsonieae) and two new subtribes (Tonduziinae and Vincinae) are described in Rauvolfioideae, and one new tribe (Rhabdadenieae) and nine new subtribes (Amphineuriinae, Beaumontiinae, Chonemorphinae, Galactophorinae, Papuechitinae, Peltastinae, Pentalinoninae, Prestoniinae and Urceolinae) are described or validated in Apocynoideae. Within Asclepiadoideae, one new tribe (Eustegieae) and three subtribes (Diplolepinae, Pentacyphinae and Tassadiinae) are described or validated.
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2001
A detailed morphological and anatomical study of the tropical African genus Virectaria is presented. The observations are used to characterize the genus, to propose a key to all eight species, and to unravel the relationships between the species using cladistics. A taxonomic survey of the genus is also given. Verdcourt's infraspecific taxa based on calyx morphology in X rnujor are adopted, but it was found that morphological distinction is correlated with ecological, habit and distributional differences. Hence, it is better to recognize Verdcourt's varieties spathuluta and major as subspecies of X major. The problematic systematic position of the genus is discussed in detail. New evidence is given for the exclusion of the genus from the Hedyotideae and Ophiorrhizeae (subfamily Rubioideae). The recently proposed position in the Sabiceeae (subfamily Ixoroideae) is not convincing either, since none of the genera included in the Sabiceeae matches Virectaria with respect to pollen, fruit, flower and growth habit. Exclusion from the Rubioideae and a position near the Sabiceeae is supported by lack of raphides, seed anatomy, placentation, stipule morphology and molecular evidence. Molecular data from a larger number of taxa are needed to confirm the position of the genus. 0 2001 The Linnean Society of London ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS: cladistic analysisfruitovarypollen morphology -Sabiceeaeseed anatomywood anatomy.