Dendrimers as Biopharmaceuticals: Synthesis and Properties (original) (raw)

DENDRIMERS: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, BIOMEDICAL AND DRUG DELIVERY APPLICATIONS

Am J PharmTech Res, 2012

Dendrimers are a new class of polymeric materials. They are highly branched, monodisperse macromolecules. The structure of these materials has a great impact on their physical and chemical properties. As a result of their unique behaviour dendrimers are suitable for a wide range of targeted drug delivery, controlled drug delivery, gene delivery and industrial applications. The paper gives a concise review of dendrimers physico-chemical properties, types, synthetic pathway & their possible use in various aspects of research, technology and treatment of disease. Journal home page: http://www.ajptr.com/ Sougata et al.

A Synthesis, Properties and Application as a Possible Drug Delivery Systems Dendrimers – A Review

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development

Dendrimer is derived from the Greek word “dendron” which is used for tree and from the Greek suffix “mer” (segment) which describes the synthetic, three-dimensional molecules having branching parts.“A dendrimer is generally described as a macromolecule, which is characterized by its dendritic and hyper branched 3D structure that offers a high degree of surface functionality and versatility.” Dendrimers possess three distinguishable architectural components i.e. an interior core, interior layer(generations) composed of repeating units radially attached to the interior core, and exterior (terminal functionality) attached to outermost interior generation (Fig. 1). The higher generation dendrimers, due to their globular structure, occupy a smaller hydrodynamic volume compared to the corresponding linear polymers. The dendritic structure is characterized by layer between each generation.Dendrimers are generally prepared using either a divergent method or a convergent one. There is a fund...

Dendrimers as novel drug-delivery system and its applications

Drug Delivery Systems, 2020

Dendrimer-based products 382 8.5 Conclusion 383 Disclosures 384 Abbreviations 384 Acknowledgments 385 References 385 Further reading 392 334 8. Dendrimers as novel drug-delivery system and its applications Drug Delivery Systems representation of dendrimers with different generations and its approximate diameter. 337 8.1 Introduction Drug Delivery Systems FIGURE 8.3 Ideal properties of dendrimers. 338 8. Dendrimers as novel drug-delivery system and its applications Drug Delivery Systems 1. divergent growth method; 2. convergent growth method;

Applications and Limitations of Dendrimers in Biomedicine

Molecules

Biomedicine represents one of the main study areas for dendrimers, which have proven to be valuable both in diagnostics and therapy, due to their capacity for improving solubility, absorption, bioavailability and targeted distribution. Molecular cytotoxicity constitutes a limiting characteristic, especially for cationic and higher-generation dendrimers. Antineoplastic research of dendrimers has been widely developed, and several types of poly(amidoamine) and poly(propylene imine) dendrimer complexes with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, imatinib, sunitinib, cisplatin, melphalan and methotrexate have shown an improvement in comparison with the drug molecule alone. The anti-inflammatory therapy focused on dendrimer complexes of ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, ketoprofen and diflunisal. In the context of the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, dendrimer complexes of fluoroquinolones, macrolides, beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides have shown promising effects. Regarding ...

Dendrimers: nanotechnology derived novel polymers in drug delivery

2006

ABSTRACT Nanotechnology has become of great importance in the 21st century and so has the emergence of dendrimers. The review aims to get an insight into the dendrimer synthesis, characteristic, its structure, classification, biocompatibility and importance in pharmaceutical industry. As the drug industry strives to meet the increasingly difficult task of producing new drugs, it is seeking new drug discovery technologies that can improve research and development success rate and time to market.

A Review about Dendrimers: Synthesis, Types, Characterization and Applications

This review provides brief information concerning with the dendrimer, its synthesis, characterization and application in drug delivery. Dendrimer consist of well defined size, shape, molecular weight and monodispersity. These properties formulate the dendrimers a suitable carrier in drug delivery application. Dendrimer are built from number of molecular entities of colloidal paticles that exists in equilibrium with the molecules or ions in nature and due to this increases the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Due to their distinct structural design these have improved physical and chemical properties. The compatibility between DNA, heparin and polyanions make them more versatile. Self assembly of molecules produces a quicker means of producing nanoscopic functional and structural systems. But the genuine effectiveness in drug delivery can be assessed only after accepting their behavior in vivo. Studies have explored the biological possiblities of dendrimers such as to transportation of genes, development of vaccines, antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer therapies. This review also describes how the dendrimer interrelate with numerous drugs and the prospective of these macromolecules in addition with the drug nanocarriers in transdermal route of administration, ocular, respiratory, oral and intravenous administration. Dendrimers assure superior prospect protrusion for the biomedicine. This review provides a brief discussion of dendrimers' physico-chemical properties and their potential use in a range of areas of research, technology and treatment.

Commentary Dendrimers in biomedical applications—reflections on the field B

The formation of particulate systems with well-defined sizes and shapes is of eminent interest in certain medical applications such as drug delivery, gene transfection, and imaging. The high level of control possible over the architectural design of dendrimers; their size, shape, branching length/density, and their surface functionality, clearly distinguishes these structures as unique and optimum carriers in those applications. The bioactive agents may be encapsulated into the interior of the dendrimers or chemically attached/physically adsorbed onto the dendrimer surface, with the option of tailoring the carrier to the specific needs of the active material and its therapeutic applications. In this regard, the high density of exo-presented surface groups allows attachment of targeting groups or functionality that may modify the solution behavior or toxicity of dendrimers. Quite remarkably, modified dendrimers have been shown to act as nano-drugs against tumors, bacteria, and viruses. Recent successes in simplifying and optimizing the synthesis of dendrimers such as the dlegoT and dclickT approaches, provide a large variety of structures while at the same time reducing the cost of their production. The reflections on biomedical applications of dendrimers given in this review clearly demonstrate the potential of this new fourth major class of polymer architecture and indeed substantiate the high hopes for the future of dendrimers. D 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Dendrimers for Therapeutic Delivery: Compositions, Characterizations, and Current Status

Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, 2019

Dendrimers, commonly referred to as arborols, offer tremendous opportunities for drug delivery, diagnostics, and treatment applications. This may be attributed to the characteristic features of their three architectural components: core, branches, and terminal groups. These components provide vast flexibility to designers. They act as highly moldable platforms that can be modified to suit the needs of application designers. Effectively, the type, length, and molecular weight of the core, branches and terminal groups may be customized to achieve desired characteristics and satisfy the demands of numerous applications. These perfectly designed multifunctional structures are reviewed in the current paper, focusing on their complex archetypical design for interphase applications; novel drug delivery applications, especially oral, ocular, pulmonary, transdermal; targeted, and controlled-release; and diagnosis and treatment of diseases like cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders.