Natural Compounds as an Alternative to Control Farm Diseases: Avian Coccidiosis (original) (raw)
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Control of Avian Coccidiosis: Future and Present Natural Alternatives
BioMed Research International, 2015
Numerous efforts to date have been implemented in the control of avian coccidiosis caused by theEimeriaparasite. Since the appearance of anticoccidial chemical compounds, the search for new alternatives continues. Today, no product is available to cope with the disease; however, the number of products commercially available is constantly increasing. In this review, we focus on natural products and their anticoccidial activity. This group comprises fatty acids, antioxidants, fungal and herbal extracts, and immune response modulators with proven anticoccidial activity, many of which exist as dietary supplements. Additionally, we offer an overview of the poultry industry and the economic cost of coccidiosis as well as the classical strategies used to control the disease.
Control of Avian Coccidiosis: Present and Future Strategies for Natural Alternatives of Therapeutics
Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research, 2018
Avian coccidiosis has great economic impacts on poultry enterprise. Coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria species mostly affecting epithelium of the birds intestines causing enteric problems. Prominent clinical outcomes are bloody diarrhoea, poor FCR, weight gain and growth rate with high morbidity and mortality rate. For the control of coccidiosis various strategies have been adapted including chemical agents and feed additives. But due to their repeated use, drug resistance to Eimeria species emerged thus badly affecting their efficacy. Moreover, these chemical agents have adverse effects on birds health and meat quality. Therefore, alternatives are used nowadays including natural and herbal products having the desired efficacy without harmful effects. Natural products and their anticoccidial activity have been reviewed in this study. This group comprises herbal extracts, fatty acids, fungal extracts, probiotics and immune response immunomodulators with proven anticoccidial activity. Additionally, poultry industry and economic cost of coccidiosis as well as classical strategies used in the control of avian coccidiosis are also reviewed.
Phytogenic Feed Additives as a Coccidiostat in Poultry
2012
Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that influences farm animals. The disease severely affects poultry leading to real economic losses. This occurs by affecting growth and feed efficiency, causing death of birds and expending a lot of money for vaccination and inclusion of anticoccidial drugs into the diet for the long period. In the last years development of resistance against anticoccidial drugs was the problem that disquieting poultry producers and researchers. Above issues were encouraging researchers to looking for natural, cheap alternatives to control coccidiosis. Anticoccidial properties of various natural products such as Ageratum conyzoides extract (Billy goat weed), green tea, maslinic acid (found in leaves and fruit of olive tree), extract of Musa paradisiacal root, coumestans from Eclipta alba, extract of a wild mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), extract of Artemisia sieberi, extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, leaves of Artemisia annua and Aloe vera-based diet were reported. Ability of other materials to improve the resistance of birds against coccidiosis was demonstrated, such as commercial probiotic (MitoMax) and Lactobacillus-based probiotic. These findings give hope to producers and researchers regarding the control of coccidiosis without the risk of drug resistant. Therefore this research aims to exhibit scientific literature that discussed the use of phytogenics as natural coccidiostat in poultry diet with focus on their mode of action.
A Review of Approaches Targeting the Replacement of Coccidiostat Application in Poultry Production
Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 2015
The classical and the most commonly used approach for the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens is the incorporation of synthetic coccidiostats into their feed during the first weeks of their life. This approach has been challenged by consumers, objecting against residual antimicrobials and drug resistant microorganisms that may contaminate poultry products. Moreover, the coccidiostat application approach has been challenged in the last decade by the emerging regulations in the developed world, targeting the cessation of such a practice. The pressures from the consumers as well as from regulation agencies resulted in a great need for alternative methods to reduce, or completely replace the use of coccidiostats in modern chicken production. This replacement requires seeking for safer products that do not have any negative impact on the consumer's health. Such products are very much in demand, especially in organic poultry farming. The purpose of this review is to present approaches for the replacement of coccidiostat application in chickens through improvements in poultry house management, research in vaccine developments, and application of holistic natural products for the prevention of the economic losses resulting from coccidiosis.
The value of anticoccidials for sustainable global poultry production
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2017
Highlights for Manuscript IJAA-D-17-00793: A comprehensive review of the literature on anticoccidial use is presented. Alternative products have not demonstrated consistent effectiveness. Anticoccidials are monitored for human, animal, and environmental safety. Parasitic and bacterial resistance have not proven a public health concern. Anticoccidial use remains a valuable tool for coccidiosis control.
Options for integrated strategies for the control of avian coccidiosis
International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2012
Avian coccidiosis is one of the serious infectious diseases of poultry caused by different species of genus Eimeria. Though some anticoccidial vaccines are in the market with controversial efficacy, farmers mainly rely on the prophylactic and therapeutic use of chemicals for the control of avian coccidiosis. Frequent use of anticoccidial drugs, however, has resulted in the development of resistance in the Eimerian species. Increasing awareness about public health hazards associated with drug residues in food chain has also added to the constraints in using the synthetic drugs for treatment and control of diseases in animals. Therefore, there is a renewed interest in using alternatives for safe, effective and economical control of avian coccidiosis. Some of the alternatives focused in the current review include acids, vitamins, probiotics, mushrooms, amino acids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, natural feed additives, essential oils and botanicals having anticoccidial properties. This review may, in given situations, be helpful in planning integrated control strategies for avian coccidosis.
Role of Natural Antioxidants for the Control of Coccidiosis in Poultry
Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2013
CITATIONS 18 READS 422 7 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: I am Working on the nano-formulation development , characterization and its In-vitro and In-vivo evaluation View project LPS-based latex agglutination test for equine glanders View project
The classical and the most commonly used approach for the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens is the incorporation of synthetic coccidiostats into their feed during the first weeks of their life. This approach has been challenged by consumers, objecting against residual antimicrobials and drug resistant microorganisms that may contaminate poultry products. Moreover, the coccidiostat application approach has been challenged in the last decade by the emerging regulations in the developed world, targeting the cessation of such a practice. The pressures from the consumers as well as from regulation agencies resulted in a great need for alternative methods to reduce, or completely replace the use of coccidiostats in modern chicken production. This replacement requires seeking for safer products that do not have any negative impact on the consumer's health. Such products are very much in demand, especially in organic poultry farming. The purpose of this review is to present approaches for the replacement of coccidiostat application in chickens through improvements in poultry house management, research in vaccine developments, and application of holistic natural products for the prevention of the economic losses resulting from coccidiosis.