Optimization of CO2 Supply for the Intensive Cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana IPPAS C-1 in the Laboratory and Pilot-Scale Flat-Panel Photobioreactors (original) (raw)
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The carbon dioxide (CO 2) sequestration potential of two microalgae, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus abundans was evaluated in a tubular batch photobioreactor with provision for continuous flow of 10% CO 2 enriched air through the headspace. CO 2 sequestration and biomass growth was affected by gas flow rate over the range 20 to 60 ml/min and 40 ml/min was found to maximize algal growth and CO 2 sequestration. Moles of CO 2 sequestered over 20 hours at a gas flow rate of 40 ml/min was estimated using a novel rapid screening approach as 0.096 and 0.036, respectively, for C. pyrenoidosa and S. abundans. At this gas flow rate the maximum growth rate was 4.9 mgL-1 h-1 and 2.5 mgL-1 h-1 for C. pyrenoidosa and S. abundans, respectively. The CO 2 sequestration and growth rate were comparable at height/diameter ratio of 8 and 16.
Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor
Bioresource Technology, 2008
The microalga incorporated photobioreactor is a highly efficient biological system for converting CO 2 into biomass. Using microalgal photobioreactor as CO 2 mitigation system is a practical approach for elimination of waste gas from the CO 2 emission. In this study, the marine microalga Chlorella sp. was cultured in a photobioreactor to assess biomass, lipid productivity and CO 2 reduction. We also determined the effects of cell density and CO 2 concentration on the growth of Chlorella sp. During an 8-day interval cultures in the semicontinuous cultivation, the specific growth rate and biomass of Chlorella sp. cultures in the conditions aerated 2-15% CO 2 were 0.58-0.66 d À1 and 0.76-0.87 g L À1 , respectively. At CO 2 concentrations of 2%, 5%, 10% and 15%, the rate of CO 2 reduction was 0.261, 0.316, 0.466 and 0.573 g h À1 , and efficiency of CO 2 removal was 58%, 27%, 20% and 16%, respectively. The efficiency of CO 2 removal was similar in the single photobioreactor and in the six-parallel photobioreactor. However, CO 2 reduction, production of biomass, and production of lipid were six times greater in the six-parallel photobioreactor than those in the single photobioreactor. In conclusion, inhibition of microalgal growth cultured in the system with high CO 2 (10-15%) aeration could be overcome via a high-density culture of microalgal inoculum that was adapted to 2% CO 2. Moreover, biological reduction of CO 2 in the established system could be parallely increased using the photobioreactor consisting of multiple units.
Algal Research, 2017
Pilot-scale algae photobioreactors (APBs) were used to culture microalga Chlorella vulgaris 395 on flue gas from the T.B. Simon Power Plant at Michigan State University. The flue gas was pumped directly into the APBs to provide a carbon source for the culture. Various photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) (31, 104, 177, 531 μmol m − 2 s − 1) and harvest ratios (20% and 30 %v/v) were applied on the photobioreactor to study their effects on algal growth. The results suggested that increasing PPFD significantly enhanced biomass production in terms of productivity, biomass concentration, and total dry weight at both harvest ratios. The highest biomass productivity of 0.40 g L − 1 d − 1 , along with corresponding biomass concentration of 1.30 g L − 1 and biomass dry weight of 40.0 g d − 1 APB − 1 , were achieved at the PPFD of 531 μmol m − 2 s − 1 with the 30% harvest ratio. A photovoltaic (PV) powered APB was then simulated to carry out a techno-economic analysis. The mass balance analysis concluded that a one-metric-ton unit with 224 m 2 PV panels can generate 0.4 kg of dry algae biomass with 51% protein content and sequester about 0.8 kg of CO 2 per day. The economic analysis indicated that a net positive revenue of $55,353 per year could be achieved for a system with an effective reactor volume of 100 m 3 and the corresponding PV panels of 22,400 m 2 .
Gravity : Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Fisika
A closed photobioreactor design has been fabricated, aimed to determine the basic concept for microalgae Chlorella vulgaris development. This study employed a flat-plate type with dimensions of 16x20x25 cm with the effectiveness of 3000 ml culture media and two 20 watt 220 volt tungsten halogen lamps, which were placed on the right and left sides of the reactor with a light intensity of 1000 lux. This study employed two photobioreactors, type-I without CO 2 supply and type-II with CO 2 supply as much as 25%. The initial cell density of Chlorella vulgaris culture was 14,694 x10 5 cells/ml; then observations were made every day using a Haemocytometer. O 2 concentration data were collected every day 3 times with irradiation time of 1, 6, and 9 hours using the O 2 gas sensor (KE-50 type). The determination of the O 2 concentration value in the photobioreactor on the 3 rd day was 0.69%.
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Microalgae-mediated CO2 sequestration has been a subject of numerous research works and has become one of the most promising strategies to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. However, feeding flue and exhaust gas into algae-based systems has been shown to destroy chloroplasts, as well as disrupt photosynthesis and other metabolic processes in microalgae, which directly limits CO2 uptake. CO2 biosequestration in existing photobioreactors (PBRs) is also limited by the low biomass concentration in the growth medium. Therefore, there is a real need to seek alternative solutions that would be competitive in terms of performance and cost-effectiveness. The present paper reports the results of experiments aimed to develop an innovative trickle bed reactor that uses immobilized algae to capture CO2 from flue and exhaust gas (IMC-CO2PBR). In the experiment, ambient air enriched with technical-grade CO2 to a CO2 concentration of 25% v/v was used. The microalgae immobilization technology employ...
Carbon dioxide capture with microalgae species in continuous gas-supplied closed cultivation systems
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2020
This study has presented the assessment of carbon dioxide bioremediation rate, growth kinetics, and protein content of the Scenedesmus obliquus, Monoraphidium contortum, Psammothidium sp, and Chlorella vulgaris species, which are supplying with 0.04 % and 10 % carbon dioxide concentration in the different types of photobioreactor (glass flask and tubular vertical column). This experiment showed the growth parameters for all of the microalgae species significantly increased when fed 10 % carbon dioxide compared to those fed 0.04 % carbon dioxide in either type of PBR. Maximum growth kinetics were observed in Chlorella vulgaris when it was grown in 10 % CO 2 in the tubular vertical column PBR with 2.12 g L −1 (X max), 0.61 g L −1 d −1 (P max), 11.07 g d −1 (R C), 51.59 % (wt.%), and 42.75 % (Overall CR%). In addition, we observed a maximum protein content at Chlorella vulgaris (72.12 %) by cultivation in glass flask PBR with 10 % CO 2 .