Coping after infertility: Challenge for Primary Infertile Women (original) (raw)
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Coping with Infertility: An Examination of Coping Mechanisms in Iranian Women with Infertility
Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
Introduction: Due to increased global population and higher age of marriage, number of infertile couples is increasing. Prevalence of infertility is different in different countries. Some data shows that there are about 80 million infertile couples worldwide. In Iran estimations indicate that there are about two million infertile couples. Method: A systematic search was conducted to identify English language publications providing original data on infertility, psychological consequences and coping mechanism in infertile women. Result: For many couples, infertility is undeniably a major life crisis and psychologically stressful. The distress of infertility and its medical treatment is reported to affect different aspects of each partner's personal and the couple's life. First, the experience of infertility often leads to important boundary ambiguity within the relationship and family structure and increases feelings of anxiety, guilt, somatization and depression. Secondly, the diagnostic procedures and medical treatment frequently represent an unforeseen source of stress for the majority of couples undergoing it. Failure to cope with the stressful situation hampers females to reasonably thinking and problem solving coping strategy. The result show that with increasing psychological disorders symptom, the extent of emotional coping strategies will increase too. Infertile people use emotional coping strategies more due to lack of control on life events, low self-esteem, low social support and high level of stresses. Other studies showed that when an event have high level of threat, person evaluate it as more important issue, then attention will be focused on the emotions instead of the problem itself, then the person use emotional coping strategy more. Conclusion: With regard to the fact that certain coping strategies have different impacts on individuals' mental health, it is important to understand which forms of coping strategies are used more frequently by infertile women.
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Studies from Western countries have observed that couples undergoing infertility treatment suffer various physical and psychological difficulties at a higher frequency than the comparable general population. These relate to treatment challenges and other psychosocial stressors, often influenced by coping style, personality factors and available support systems. There is paucity of studies in non-Western populations. Objective: The aim of this pilot investigation was to evaluate characteristics and gender differences in perceived psychological difficulties reported by infertile Malaysian couples. In particular, depression, anxiety and stress, along with correlated coping styles, were examined between spouses. Methods: Demographic information, including age, ethnicity and duration and causes of infertility, were collected from participants treated within a fertility clinic. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS) were completed to measure psychological distress and coping styles. Results: Depression, anxiety and stress-related difficulties were reported at significantly higher frequency by wives than husbands (p b 0.05). There were no significant differences in coping styles between wives and husbands. However, emotional-oriented coping style was associated with significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress (p b 0.05) within the overall sample with odds ratios of 2.5, 3.0 and 1.5, respectively. Conclusion: The study confirms that, as with Western subjects, Malaysian infertile couples demonstrate the vulnerability to psychological distress that occurs more frequently among wives than husbands. As anticipated, emotional coping style was associated with greater distress in both genders.
Psychosocial Problems and Coping Strategies among Turkish Women with Infertility
Asian Nursing Research, 2015
The aim of our study was to determine the factors affecting the psychosocial problems of infertile Turkish women and to identify their coping strategies. Methods: This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. We conducted in-depth interviews to examine the psychosocial problems faced by infertile Turkish women. The participants were selected in two stages. In the first stage, 118 women diagnosed with primary infertility completed a personal information form and the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI). In the second stage, in-depth interviews (lasting 45e90 minutes) were conducted with 24 (age 20 to 41 years) infertile women randomly selected from the groups formed according to their FPI global stress levels determined in Stage 1. Content analysis was used to examine the qualitative data. Results: The results comprised nine main themes regarding the psychosocial problems encountered by women and the methods used to overcome these problems. These included the meaning attributed to being childless, negative self-concept, perceived social pressure, perceived social support, psychological symptoms, social withdrawal and isolation, spiritual coping, cherishing hope/restructuring life, and adopting traditional methods. Social pressure and stigma were common. Infertility was found to negatively affect the participants' self-perception and view of life. The women used spiritual methods for overcoming stress and avoiding society, as well as traditional fertility remedies. Conclusions: Infertile women suffer from various psychosocial problems because of infertility and they adopt emotion-focused coping methods.
Development and Assessment of a Coping Scale for Infertile Women in Turkey
2018
Infertile women feel more psychological stress and pressure than their husbands, and the prevalence of anxiety and depression among them are higher. This study aimed to develop a culture-specific measurement tool to identify the strategies of infertile women in dealing with infertility-related problems. This was a scale development study. This study was carried out in three different fertility centers in the three largest cities in Turkey. The data were collected using personal information form and through the application of a Coping Scale for Infertile Women (CSIW) protocol. Ways of Coping with Stress Inventory. Cronbach's alpha, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and Spearman's Rank correlation analyses were used to determine the reliability of the scale. The results of explanatory factor analysis and a factor structure of the Coping Scale for Infertile Women, comprising 50 items, were examined, and the data were determined to be suitable to perform factor analysis. The in...
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine, 2019
Background: The success of assisted reproductive techniques plays a very importantrole in the quality of life of infertile couples and decreases the negative behavior statesof infertility.Objective: This study aimed at determining the relationship between psychologicalcoping and adjustment strategies with the success of assisted reproductive technology(ART).Materials and Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 204 womenvisiting Milad Infertility Center in Mashhad during 2015-2016. The research instrumentsincluded Fertility Adjustment Scale and Infertility Coping Strategies Scale. The positiveresult of two pregnancy tests within 48 hours was considered as the success of ART.Results: The mean and standard division score of adjustment in the group achievedtreatment success (34.3±8.2) exceeded the group failed (33.6±8.8), the difference wasnot statistically significant (p= 0.381). Also, there was no significant difference betweengroups in the median and interquartile range of...
The Evaluation of Methods Used to Cope with Infertility Stress of Infertile Couples in Turkey
2017
The present study was planned to evaluate the methods used to cope with the stress experienced by couples having infertility treatment in Turkey. Methodology: The study was conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive type of study carried out with 412 participants (206 married couples) having infertility treatment in Turkey. In the collection of the data, Descriptive Information Form, The Copenhagen Multi-centre Psychosocial Infertility Fertility Problem Stress Scales and Coping Strategy Scales were used. Results: According to the results collected by infertility stress scale, stress in personal domain was higher in women than men (p<0.05). There was not significant difference between women and men in marital and social domains (p>0.05). It was determined that women used the active-avoidance, active-confronting and passive-avoidance coping methods more than men (p<0.05). There was not a significant difference between women and men in terms of the use of meaning-based coping method (p>0.05). Conclusion: Women experience more stress and use more coping method in than men.
Coping Strategies and Quality of Life among Infertile Women in Damanhour City
IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 2017
Infertility and its related problems negatively affect the quality of life. Coping with infertility is important in order to maintain and/or improve the patient's quality of life. Objective: to assess coping strategies and quality of life among infertile women.
2016
Copyright: © 2015, Jahromi et al., This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction: Due to increased global population and higher age of marriage, number of infertile couples is increasing. Prevalence of infertility is different in different countries. Some data shows that there are about 80 million infertile couples worldwide. In Iran estimations indicate that there are about two million infertile couples. Method: A systematic search was conducted to identify English language publications providing original data on infertility, psychological consequences and coping mechanism in infertile women.
Aim: Nowadays infertility problem has become a social concern and is associated with numerous social and psychological problems. Infertility can influence on interpersonal, marital and social relationships. The aim of this study was to determine the type of coping strategies with stress and the levels of marital satisfaction in infertile women based on their infertility factors and obtain the relationship between these two variables with each other. Method: The sample group was 50 women with female factor infertility and 50 women with male factor infertility. The sample group was contacted upon their treatment course with Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) in Mehr infertility clinic. ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire and standard scale to measure coping strategies were used during this study.
Coping Strategies among first Infertile Couples undergoing Invitro Fertilization
IOSR Journals , 2019
Background: Infertility problems have become a public health concern throughout the world. In recent years, there has been an increase in publicity about infertility and reproductive medicine technologies especially InVitro Fertilization (IVF). Aim of the study is to assess different coping strategies among first infertile couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization. Design A descriptive research design. Setting: the study was conducted at Center of the eye offertility and microscopic injection in Mahalla Al - Kubra center as private sectors. Subjects: A convenience sample composed of 100 couples, from the previous setting. Tools: of data collection: Tool I:-Interviewing questionnaire sheet, It was composed of two parts, part one: socio-demographic data for couples, part two: Assess the previous diagnostic tests for infertile couple. Tool II: Stressors assessment sheet according to the original sheet. Tool III: Coping strategies assessment sheet Results&Conclusion: the study revealed that wives perceived stressors more than the husbands among different types of stressors (physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic) .the couple are similar in using the positive coping manners, while concerning negative manners, they are used more by wives than husband, however compared the use of positive and negative manners are more used than negative once which include pray, and surrender to fate. Finding showed that the positive outcome of the cycle increase with low stressors and high coping level. Recommendations: Couples should be counseling about ART and its steps, should be given before starting treatment and Assess the stressors and coping levels in each stage of the IVF procedure and their effects.