Comparative Study of Chemically Treated Sugarcane and Kevlar Fiber to Develop Brake Resistance Composites (original) (raw)
2023, Molecules
Recently, much research has revealed the increasing importance of natural fiber in modern applications. Natural fibers are used in many vital sectors like medicine, aerospace and agriculture. The cause of increasing the application of natural fiber in different fields is its eco-friendly behavior and excellent mechanical properties. The study’s primary goal is to increase the usage of environmentally friendly materials. The existing materials used in brake pads are detrimental to humans and the environment. Natural fiber composites have recently been studied and effectively employed in brake pads. However, there has yet to be a comparison investigation of natural fiber and Kevlar-based brake pad composites. Sugarcane, a natural fabric, is employed in the present study to substitute trendy materials like Kevlar and asbestos. The brake pads have been developed with 5–20 wt.% SCF and 5–10 wt.% Kevlar fiber (KF) to make the comparative study. SCF compounds at 5 wt.% outperformed the entire NF composite in coefficient of friction (µ), (%) fade and wear. However, the values of mechanical properties were found to be almost identical. Although it has been observed that, with an increase in the proportion of SCF, the performance also increased in terms of recovery. The thermal stability and wear rate are maximum for 20 wt.% SCF and 10 wt.% KF composites. The comparative study indicated that the Kevlar-based brake pad specimens provide superior outcomes compared to the SCF composite for fade (%), wear performance and coefficient of friction (Δμ). Finally, the worn composite surfaces were examined using a scanning electron microscopy technique to investigate probable wear mechanisms and to comprehend the nature of the generated contact patches/plateaus, which is critical for determining the tribological behavior of the composites.
Related papers
DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOCOMPOSITE FOR BRAKE PAD APPLICATION
Pollution is the adverse effect humanity has to suffer due to the technological advancement. Being engineers our objective is to design the machine elements based on sustainable, eco-friendly concepts. Due to wear in brake pad, abrasive particles come to environment. So the material selection of brake pad is an important criterion. In a braking system brake pad comes in contact with the disc and due to heavy friction the kinetic energy of the vehicle reduces and it comes to rest. Generally in this process a lot of wear occurs in brake pad and the abrasive particles comes out of the brake pad. In the brake pad composites asbestos has been used as reinforcement for a very long period of time. Few years before it was found that asbestos particles having carcinogenic effect on the skin. So a lot of research is going on for finding a suitable replacement for asbestos. The objective of this research is to find the suitability of using natural fiber composite material as a replacement for asbestos. Hemp fiber is chosen in the place of asbestos which comes from the stem of the hemp tree. It is a natural fiber having very high young's modulus and cellulose content. Cashew friction dust is chosen to improve frictional properties, graphite powder is used as solid lubricant and epoxy is used as matrix material for the brake pad composite. The composites with varying compositions were being fabricated using compression molding machine using an acrylic die followed by post curing in a furnace. Then few important properties like wear rate, coefficient of friction, density and hardness were evaluated. Pin on Disc investigation is performed on the composites for analyzing the wear rate and frictional behavior of composites. Finally the results were compared with that of the existing literature.
IRJET, 2020
The use of asbestos material is being avoided to manufacture the brake pads as it is harmful and toxic in nature. Further it leads to various health issues like asbestosis, mesothelioma and lung cancers. These brake pads can be replaced by natural fibres like Palm Fibres (0 to 50%) and Wheat (0 to 10%) with additives like aluminium oxide (5 to 20%) and graphite powder (10 to 35%). Phenolic resin of 35% is utilized as a binder. particulate wheat powder is used to reduce the wear rate. Aluminium oxide and graphite are abrasive in nature. This helps to make brake pads with high friction coefficient and less wear rate with low noise pollution. The wear of the proposed composites has been investigated at different speeds. Various tests like wear on pin-on-disc apparatus, hardness on the Rockwell hardness apparatus and oil absorption test have been conducted. Phenolic resin produces good bonding nature to fibre. Thus, Fibres found to have performed palatably among all commercial brake pads. The objective of the research indicates that Palm fibre could be a conceivable alternative for asbestos in friction coating materials.
Wear Behaviour of Brake Pad Material using Organic based Composite Materials
Friction materials have their significant role for braking and transmission in various machines and equipment. Their composition keeps on changing to keep pace with technological development and environmental/legal requirements. Earlier brake pads are made from asbestos and having good physical and chemical properties. But they are having many health hazards associated with asbestos handling. Hence it has lost favor and several alternative materials are being replaced these days. In this work a non-asbestos bio-friction material is enlightened which is developed using a Simarouba and coconut shell along with other ingredients. The developed friction material samples are tested on a wear testing machine and found that composite samples have performed satisfactorily in terms of amount of wear and coefficient of friction when compared with premium asbestos based brake pads .The same composite materials can be used to produce automobile disk brake pads.
Comparative study of wear performance of particulate and fiber-reinforced
The effects of two types of filler reinforcements i.e. particulate (talc particles) and fiber (Glass Fiber (GF)) as secondary reinforcements in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites on the wear and friction properties were discussed in this paper. These UHMWPE hybrid composites were fabricated by the addition of 10 wt% of talc and glass fiber at a fixed nano-ZnO loading of 10 wt% using a hot compression moulding technique. The wear and friction properties of these hybrid composites were investigated using a pin-on-disc tester with different operating conditions of applied loads, sliding speeds and sliding distances based on response surface Box-Behnken design. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to model the effects of various variables of applied load, sliding speed and distance on the wear volume loss and average coefficient of friction (COF) of UHMWPE hybrid composites. 2 The mathematical regression models of the wear volume and average COF were derived from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Optimization of the independent variables to minimize the wear and friction responses of both UHMWPE composites was estimated using RSM. The mathematical models showed that applied load, sliding speed and distance have significant effects on the wear and friction properties of both UHMWPE composites in the tested range of variables. The most significant, in order of the variables that affect the volume loss and friction of UHMWPE composites is load, followed by sliding distance and speed. In addition, the combined effects of load and distance indicate the highest significance on volume loss and average COF for both UHMWPE hybrid composites as compared to other variable interactions. GF/ZnO/UHMWPE exhibited better wear performance compared to talc/ZnO/UHMWPE hybrid composites. The severity of worn surfaces of the GF/ZnO/UHMWPE was less than that of talc/ZnO/UHMWPE. The GF/ZnO/UHMWPE produced transfer films that were more uniform and had better coverage compared to talc/ZnO/UHMWPE.
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.