The neural basis of social tactics: An fMRI study (original) (raw)
One of the most powerful ways of succeeding in complex social interactions is to read the minds of companions and stay a step ahead of them. In order to assess neural responses to reciprocal mind reading in socially strained human relationships, we used a 3-T scanner to perform an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study in 16 healthy subjects who participated in the game of Chicken. Statistical parametric mapping showed that the counterpart effect (human minus computer) exclusively activated the medial frontal area corresponding to the anterior paracingulate cortex (PCC) and the supramarginal gyrus neighboring the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS). Furthermore, when we analyzed the data to evaluate whether the subjects made risky/aggressive or safe/reconciliatory choices, the posterior STS showed that the counterpart had a reliable effect regardless of risky or safe decisions. In contrast, a significant opponent x selection interaction was revealed in the an...
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The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology, 2012
e intention-superiority e ect refers to the superior retention of information about intended but uncompleted tasks compared with the retention of information about tasks that are unintended. We conduct two experiments to examine this e ect in a situation where the participants were presented with multiple plans. e rst experiment attempts to replicate the e ect with 24 participants. e results indicated that the time needed for a lexical decision tended to be shorter for items included within a script when the script was yet to be performed compared to when the script had already been carried out. In the second experiment, 24 participants performed actions from two scripts that were memorized in advance. Longer response times were observed for items from the second script, when the decision task was administered before performing the rst script compared to when the decision task was administered a er performing the rst script i.e., immediately before performing the second script. ese results indicate that participants e ciently control activation levels related to both uncompleted and completed plans.
Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2010
We describe artificial subtle expressions (ASEs) as intuitive notification methodology for artificial agents especially in order to convey their internal states for users. We prepared two types of audio ASEs; one is a flat artificial sound (flat ASE), and the other is a decreasing sound (decreasing ASE). These two ASEs were played after a robot made a suggestion to the users. Specifically, we expected that the decreasing ASE will inform users of the robot's lower confidence about the suggestions. We then conducted a simple experiment to observe whether the participants accepted or rejected the robot's suggestion in terms of the ASEs. The result showed that they accepted the robot's suggestion when the flat ASE was used, while they rejected it when the decreasing ASE was used. Therefore, we found that the ASEs succeeded in conveying the robot's internal state to the users accurately and intuitively.
Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, 2007
An autonomous agent in the real world should learn its own sensor-motor coordination through interactions with the environment; otherwise the behaviors can not be grounded and they can easily be inappropriate in the variety of the environment. The sensor-motor signals are usually complex time sequence, therefore the cognitive action system of the agent has to handle them.In this paper, we propose a computational model of the cognitive action system that consists of a sensor space HMM-SOM, a motor space HMM-SOM and connection mapping between the two HMM-SOMs. A HMM-SOM can be recognized as a set of HMMs that are placed in a SOM space. It can model a set of complex time series signal in a self-organizing manner.We apply this HMM-SOM based cognitive action system on vision-motion and auditory-articulation signals. The experimental results show that this system is basically capable of constructing sensor-motor coordination structure in a self-organizing manner, handling complex time series signals.
Immersive Discovery Method for Exploring Interaction Strategies of an Agent
Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence
We propose an alternative approach to find each robotic agent's unique interaction strategies, called Immersing Discovery Method. In this approach, the human manipulator behaves as if she/he becomes the robot and finds efficient interaction strategies based on each robot's shape and modalities. We implement the system including a reconfigurable body robot, an easier manipulation system, and a recording system to evaluate the validity of our method. We evaluate a block-assembling task by the system by turning on and off the modality of the robot's head. Subsequently, the robot's motion during player's motion significantly increases whereas the ratio of confirmatory behavior significantly decreases in the head-fixed design. This result suggests that the robot leads the users and the user follows the robot in head-fixed condition not as in a normal turn-taking interaction style of the head-free condition.
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