A Classless Analysis of Italian Nouns and their Theme-Vowel Alternations (original) (raw)

Abstract

The decompositional, non-lexicalist, approach to word-structure and the theory of roots have proven highly rewarding. One grey area, however, comes from Romance since, rather than roots, the word structure primitive appears to be the stem: root + 'stem-formative/theme vowel'. Regardless, there have been perspicacious decompositional accounts of Italian, however these are still marred by the large number of morphological/item-specific irregularities, motivating arbitrary noun classes. Additionally, there are roots that do not inflect: consonant-final and vowelfinal forms when these are oxytonic or loanwords. Given these irregularities, previous analyses in Italian have included the use of lexical exceptions and class features. We challenge the use of class features in generating the attested patterns (and their exceptions). Instead, we propose a new categorisation of root-shapes, which, when combined with the exponents of nominal inflection, produce the correct surface pairings, as well as the non-alternating forms. In our analysis, there is no diacritic or special marking of lexical exceptions, all forms inflect regularly in accordance to their phonological shape. This requires the innovation of one new mechanism (Inhibition), Isogloss 2023, 9(1)/2 Nicola Lampitelli & Shanti Ulfsbjorninn 2 but we back it up by showing that it leads to an unexpected beneficial prediction that solves a long-standing problem associated with Raddoppiamento Sintattico (RS).

Key takeaways

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  1. The analysis proposes a decompositional approach to Italian noun morphology, eliminating class features.
  2. It introduces 'Inhibition', marking empty V-slots as phonetically uninterpretable, impacting inflection.
  3. Italian nouns exhibit theme-vowel alternations based on root shapes, not class-based rules.
  4. The study challenges the need for thematic vowels, asserting they emerge from root interactions.
  5. Raddoppiamento Sintattico's consonant gemination is explained through the inhibited status of final V-slots.

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