Efficacy of bioceramic and calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers against pathogenic endodontic biofilms: An In vitro study (original) (raw)
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Antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide root canal sealer (Apexit)-in vitro study
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide root canal sealer (Apexit) in direct contact with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus aureus. The direct contact test (DCT) was performed. The sealer was mixed and placed on the side wall of microtiter plate wells and 10 µl of bacterial suspension (10 6 bacteria) was placed onto its surface. Bacteria were in direct contact with the sealer for 1 hour at 37°C. BHI broth (250 µl) was then added and the growth of each strain was measured after 1 hour, 6 hours, 20 hours and 24 hours. After 1 hour the number of E. coli and P. aeruginosa decreased to 7-9 x 10 3 and S. marcescens to 7 x 10 2 bacteria. The number of S. aureus was 1.4 x 10 5 bacteria. Six hour samples showed that the number of P. aeruginosa decreased to 10 1 and gram-positive S. aureus to 7.5 x 10 4. After 20 hours only S. aureus (10 1 bacteria) survived after prior contact with Apexit. The 24-hour samples showed complete bacterial growth inhibition of all the bacterial strains tested in DCT with Apexit.
Influence of calcium hydroxide root-canal sealer on microbial growthin vitro
Folia Microbiologica, 2002
The calcium hydroxide-based filling material Apexit, which is often used in endodontic practice, was evaluated for its antibacterial and antifungal effects against microorganisms isolated from oral cavity (Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans). Two different quantitative techniques were employed -the direct-contact test was used to examine the efficacy of freshly mixed material while the broth-survival test was employed to check the antimicrobial properties of 5-d-old material. Apexit inhibited Gram-negative bacteria more effectively than Gram-positive ones but had none or a very weak inhibitory effect on C. albicans.
In vitro antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide paste
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2010
Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide (CH) paste. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of two sealers (Fill Canal ® and Sealer 26 ®), one CH cement (Hydro C ®), and a CH paste. The agar diffusion test was performed in Petri dishes inoculated with the following microorganisms: Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis. The diameters of the zones of microbial growth inhibition were measured after 24 h. The tests were performed in triplicate. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5% signifi cance level. Results: Fill Canal ® exhibited the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against the Candida species and differed signifi cantly from the other groups (P < 0.001). When inhibition was observed against S. mitis and S. oralis, the CH paste presented a larger mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than those of the other materials (P < 0.05). Regarding the inhibition of S. mutans, a statistically signifi cant difference was observed only between the CH paste and Hydro C ® (P < 0.05); the paste produced the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against this microorganism. Regarding the inhibition of S. salivarius, Fill Canal ® presented smaller mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than Sealer 26 ® and CH paste (P < 0.05). Conclusion: All the materials presented zones of microbial growth inhibition against all the test bacteria. Fill Canal ® presented the largest mean zone of inhibition against the Candida species. For the Streptococcus cultures, none of the sealers presented inhibition superior to that of the CH paste.
Brazilian Oral Research, 2016
Enterococcus faecalis are gram positive bacteria that can mostly resist endodontic therapy, inducing persistent infection in the root canal system. Endodontic sealers with antimicrobial activity may help eliminate residual microorganisms that survive endodontic treatment. The present study aimed at comparing the antimicrobial activity of Acroseal, Sealapex and AH Plus endodontic sealers in an in vitro biofilm model. Bovine dentin specimens (144) were prepared, and twelve blocks for each sealer and each experimental time point (2, 7 and 14 days) were placed and left in contact with plates containing inoculum of E. faecalis (ATCC 51299), to induce biofilm formation. After 14 days, the samples were transferred to another plate with test sealers and kept at 37°C and 5% CO 2 for 2, 7 and 14 days. The specimens without sealers were used as a control for each period. The samples were agitated in a sonicator after each experiment. The suspensions were agitated in a vortex mixer, serially diluted in saline, and triple plated onto m-Enterococcus agar. Colonyforming units were counted, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis one-way tests (p < 0.05) to determine antimicrobial potential. Sealapex showed significant differences at all the experimental time points, in comparison with all the other groups. AH Plus and Acroseal showed antimicrobial activity only on the 14 th experimental day. Neither of the sealers tested were able to completely eliminate the biofilm. Sealapex showed the highest antimicrobial activity in all the experimental periods. The antimicrobial activity of all the sealers analyzed increased over time.
Antimicrobial activities of different bioceramic root canal sealers on various bacterial species
2016
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of new bioceramic root canal sealers Smartpaste Bio, MTA Fillapex and AH plus. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity of sealers was tested by agar diffusion method on the surface of agar plates of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. The sealers were placed into the prepared well on the agar plates. The diameters of the inhibition zones were measured after incubation for 24, 48, 72 hours. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Duncan’s tests at 5% significance level. Results: All tested sealers had antimicrobial effect against to test microorganisms. Smartpaste Bio had the biggest inhibition zone and the lowest had by MTA Fillapex and there was statistically difference between Smartpaste Bio and MTA Fillapex (p<0.05). The mean of inhibition zones was decreased in order 24, 48, 72 h time intervals for each...
Antimicrobial Activity of Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers: A Systematic Review
International journal of odontostomatology, 2021
Actually, bioceramic endodontic sealers represent an advantageous option for root canals sealing due to their multiple properties. There are several in vitro studies about their antimicrobial properties, however, their comparative antimicrobial potential, compared with other types of endodontic sealers is not entirely clear. The aim of the present research was to perform a systematic review to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of commercially available bioceramic root canal sealers against Enterococcus faecalis in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A literature search was made in four electronic databases: MEDLINE, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect and EBSCO. Were included in vitro studies, published in English, between 2015 and 2019. The evaluation of the selected studies was performed by two authors, independently. Four studies were included in the review. EndoSequenceTM (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) also available on the market as TotalFillTM (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) and Bi...
Comparison of antimicrobial activity of three root canal sealers: An in vitro study
International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences, 2019
Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three endodontic sealers AH Plus, Apexit plus and MTA Fillapex on three types of isolated root canal microorganisms: Enterococcus Faecalis, Staphylococcus Aureus and Candida Albicans using agar diffusion test. Material and Method: Three endodontic sealers were evaluated in this study: AH Plus (Dentsply, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil), Apexit Plus (Vivadent; Schaan, Liechtenstein) and MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil). The following reference strains were included in this study: Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial activity of the materials was evaluated by the method of agar diffusion. A base layer of 10 ml of Mueller Hinton agar was poured in Petri plates (90 x 15 mm). Inhibition halos formed around the wells were measured with the aid of a millimetric rule with 0.5 mm of accuracy. All the experiments were repeated three times in different moments. Result: In inter gro...
Anti-Bacterial Effect of Different Root Canal Sealer Against Newly Introduced Bio-Ceramic Sealer
Egyptian Dental Journal
Aim of the study: was to compare the antibacterial effect of Ceraseal (bio-ceramic sealer.) versus AD seal (Resin based sealer) and Zinc oxide and eugenol sealer against E-faecalis using agar diffusion method. Materials and methods: Samples were classified into 3 groups according to the material used as follows Group 1 Ceraseal sealer , Group 2: AD seal and group 3; Zno & E sealer. Each group was classified into three subgroups according to the observation periods into (1day, 3days and 7 days). Each group consisted of 7 agar plates implanted with E-faecalis strain. 3 holes were created in each agar plate each hole contained one tested material. During the observation period each plate was incubated at 37°C. till evaluation. The results showed that the Ceraseal is the only sealer exhibited an inhibitory zone at all intervals while AD seal and ZnO&E exhibited no antibacterial activity. It has been concluded that Bioceramic sealer has higher inhibitory effect on E-faecalis than both Resin and ZnO&E sealers.
Calcium Hydroxide-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Review
The aim of this review was to consider laboratory experiments and clinical studies of calcium hydroxidebased root canal sealers. An extensive search of the endodontic literature was made to identify publications related to calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers. The articles were assessed for the outcome of laboratory and clinical studies on their biological properties and physical characteristics. Comparative studies with other sealers were also considered. Several studies were evaluated covering different properties of calcium hydroxide-based sealers including physical properties, biocompatibility, leakage, adhesion, solubility, antibacterial properties, and periapical healing effect. Calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers have a variety of physical and biological properties. Comparative studies reveal their mild cytotoxicity, but their antibacterial effects are variable. Further research is required to establish the tissue healing properties of calcium hydroxide in root canal sealers. (J Endod 2009;-:1-6)
Antibacterial effects of five different root canal sealing materials
Journal of Oral Science, 2008
The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the antibacterial effects of gray and white mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA and WMTA), calcium hydroxide (CH), Portland cement (PC) and a new endodontic cement (NEC) on various species of microorganisms, using agar diffusion test. A base layer of Petri plates was made using Muller-Hinton agar. Five cavities were made in agar and filled with fresh mixed materials after 24 h. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and a mixture of these bacteria were seeded by pour plate. The plates were preincubated for 2 h at room temperature followed by incubation at 37°C. The inhibition zone diameters were measured at 24, 48 and 72 h. The highest mean diameters of growth inhibition zones were observed around NEC and CH. According to one-way ANOVA, there was a significant difference among test groups (P < 0.001), while posthoc test revealed no significant difference between the mean zone diameters of NEC and CH, and also between MTAs and PC. However, there was a significant difference between CH and NEC in comparison with MTAs and PC groups (P < 0.001). It appears that NEC may act as a potent antibacterial agent similar to CH.