Redd: Reliable Energy-Efficient Data Dissemination In Wireless Sensor Networks With Multiple Mobile Sinks (original) (raw)

An Efficient Data Dissemination Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sink

2015

This work investigates into the design of sink location propagation in wireless sensor network with mobile sink. In our proposed work, few sensor nodes are assigning a role to propagate the sink location information to the remaining nodes. We refer such nodes as beacon nodes (BNs). We design a distributed algorithm to select BNs. The selection of BNs depends on their sensor node degree. To ensure connectivity among the BNs, we also select few more sensor nodes to act as gateways between the BNs and we refer them beacon gateways (BGs). Combining BNs and BGs leads to formation of backbone network to propagate the sink location. In this project, we compare proposed algorithm a well known data dissemination technique, i.e., flooding. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves remarkable improvement over flooding in terms of energy consumptions.

On Energy Efficient Data Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Mobile Sinks

2010

We illustrate the effectiveness of using mobile sinks to obtain potential energy savings for the sensors during data dissemination in wireless sensor networks. The entire wireless sensor network is divided into two layers: the resource-constrained sensor nodes forming the bottom layer and a mobile ad hoc network of resource-rich sink nodes forming the top layer. Each sink node is assigned a particular cluster of sensors to monitor and collect data. A sink node moves to the vicinity of the sensor nodes (within a few hops) to collect data. The collected data is exchanged with peer mobile sinks and can also be transferred to a control center through multi-hop sink-to-sink data propagation. The energy loss due to multi-hop data propagation in disseminating the data from a sensor to the control center can be accounted to the sinks and not to the sensors. We also illustrate the effectiveness of using just one mobile sink to reduce energy consumption at the sensors in scenarios where one c...

Energy-Efficient Routing Scheme Using Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks

2016

Energy awareness is an essential design issue in wireless sensor network. Therefore, attention must be given to the routing protocols since they might differ depending on the application and network architecture. It is desired to design the energy efficient routing protocols to conserve the poser supply of sensor node and prolongs its lifetime. Recently sink mobility has been exploited in numerous schemes to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), but sink mobility bring a new challenges in wireless sensor network; such as sink location maintenance, continuous data delivery, avoiding/reducing detour problem etc. In this paper, in order to reduce energy consumption and minimize the overhead of rerouting frequency, we propose an Energy-Efficient Routing Scheme using Mobile Sinks (EERS-MS) in Wireless Sensor Networks. This scheme uses the grid that is constructed by the sink appearing first in the sensor field or when no valid grid exists. In this scheme source(s) util...

Energy Efficient Schemes for Exploiting Dual Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks

— Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of small sensor nodes in a geographically distributed region to keep track of physical or environmental conditions. If each node in the network transmits the sensed data to the Base Station (BS), the energy consumption is very high which directly affects the network lifetime. By using clustering techniques, network lifetime can be extended by making Cluster Head (CH) to interconnect with BS on behalf of other cluster members. Clustering is done and CHs are selected based on the Residual Energy (RE) parameter. A Dual Mobile Sink scheme is proposed where the sink nodes have more energy and resources compared to other sensor nodes. The sink nodes moves near the clusters and gathers the sensed data from the CH. Simulation results and analysis shows that there is an improvement in throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio with reduction in energy consumption compared to schemes that use static sink or BS, where all the CHs communicate the gathered data from the clusters members to the static sink node. Thus mobile sink scheme increases the network lifetime by reducing energy consumption.

Elastic routing: a novel geographic routing for mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks

2010

Geographic routing has been considered as an efficient, simple and scalable routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, since it exploits pure location information instead of global topology information to route data packets towards a static sink. Recently, a number of research works have shown that mobile sinks can achieve high energy efficiency and load balance than static ones. In order to receive data packets continuously, a mobile sink must update its location to the source frequently. However, frequent location updates of mobile sinks may lead to both rapid energy consumption of the sensor nodes and increased collisions in wireless transmissions. The authors propose a novel geographic routing for mobile sinks to address this issue. The proposed scheme takes advantage of wireless broadcast transmission nature of wireless sensor nodes. When a sink moves, the new location information is propagated along the reverse geographic routing path to the source during data delivery. Analysis and simulation results indicate that elastic routing is superior to other protocols in terms of control overhead, data delivery delay and energy consumption.

Power-aware data dissemination protocol for grid-based wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks

IET Communications, 2011

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sink mobility has been drawing more and more attention in recent years. Some approaches suggest that mobile sinks repeatedly propagate packets to notify the potential sources of their latest location information. As a result, frequent location updates from multiple sinks introduce both increased transmission traffic and rapid power expenditure. In order to reduce power consumption and minimise the overhead of frequently propagating packets, the authors propose a power-aware data dissemination (PADD) protocol for grid-based WSNs with mobile sinks. Rather than propagate the query messages from each sink to all sensor nodes to establish data forwarding information, a source constructs a grid structure beforehand so that only the dissemination nodes located at grid points need to acquire forwarding information. A properly grid cell size is determined to ensure that a dissemination node can directly communicate each other with its eight neighbouring dissemination nodes. As a result, a message can traverse not only vertically or horizontally but diagonally as well. Besides, dissemination nodes with the most residual energy are selected for forwarding query and disseminating data to evenly distribute energy load in the sensor field. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of PADD in reducing the energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime.

A Comprehensive Study of Data Collection Schemes Using Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors, 2014

Recently sink mobility has been exploited in numerous schemes to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Contrary to traditional WSNs where sensory data from sensor field is ultimately sent to a static sink, mobile sink-based approaches alleviate energy-holes issues thereby facilitating balanced energy consumption among nodes. In mobility scenarios, nodes need to keep track of the latest location of mobile sinks for data delivery. However, frequent propagation of sink topological updates undermines the energy conservation goal and therefore should be controlled. Furthermore, controlled propagation of sinks' topological updates affects the performance of routing strategies thereby increasing data delivery latency and reducing packet delivery ratios. This paper presents a taxonomy of various data collection/dissemination schemes that exploit sink mobility. Based on how sink mobility is exploited in the sensor field, we classify existing schemes into three classes, namely path constrained, path unconstrained, and controlled sink mobility-based schemes. We also organize existing schemes based on their primary goals and provide a comparative study to aid readers in selecting the appropriate scheme in accordance with their particular intended applications and network dynamics. Finally, we conclude our discussion with the identification of some unresolved issues in pursuit of data delivery to a mobile sink.

Efficient Information Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks using Mobile Sinks

2006

Wireless sensor networks constitute an emerging technology that has received recently significant attention both from industry and academia. On the one hand, there is an ever-widening range of attractive applications (e.g., disaster and environmental monitoring, wildlife habitat monitoring, target tracking, intrusion detection, security surveillance) sensor networks can be used for. On the other hand, sensor networks are self-organizing ad-hoc systems where optimized energy consumption is of paramount importance; therefore, relaying information between sensors and a sink node, possibly over multiple wireless hops, in an energy-efficient manner is a challenging task that preoccupies the research community for some time now. Optimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is of paramount importance. Sensors are tiny devices with sensing, processing, and transmitting capabilities; they are of low cost, but have a consequently low storage and computational capacity, and a limited energy supply. It is usually considered impossible or impractical (from a technical or economical point of view) to recharge their batteries; thus, they should be managed in such a way to ensure the unattended operation of the network for a long enough time period (e.g., several months). There is a recent trend to deal with this problem by introducing mobile elements (sensors or sink nodes) in the network. The majority of these approaches assume time-driven scenarios. However, there are several real-life applications for which an event-based is more appropriate. In this paper we propose to adaptively move the sink node inside the covered region, according to the evolution of current events, so as to minimize the energy consumption of the dissemination of the event-related data. Both analytical and simulation results are given.

Decoupling data dissemination from mobile sink's trajectory in wireless sensor networks

IEEE Communications Letters, 2000

The aim of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNS) is to accumulate data and in this perspective, firstly the need of distributed data management emerges and gain vital importance. Secondly data dissemination of this accumulated data has its own importance. Now distributed data management and data dissemination is an essential paradigm in wireless sensor networks resulting in minimizing the number of transmissions, eliminating the redundant data, conserve the energy, and thus resulting in the overall increase in the lifetime of the network. Traditionally data dissemination has been done by utilizing static sinks. These static sinks were not only prone to hotspots problem but also decrease throughput, increase the number of transmitted packets, less energy conservation of sensor nodes, and above all decrease the overall network lifetime. To deal with these aforementioned problems the need of incorporating mobile sink arises. Now the paradigm of distributed data management and data dissemination is shifting from static sink to mobile sink and now more and more research work has been done in the domain of mobile sink wireless sensor networks.

Use of multiple mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks for large‐scale areas

IET Wireless Sensor Systems, 2020

Sensing coverage and network connectivity are two of the most fundamental issues to ensure that there are effective environmental sensing and robust data communication in a WSN application. Random positioning of nodes in a WSN may result in random connectivity, which can cause a large variety of key parameters within the WSN. For example, data latency and battery lifetime can lead to the isolation of nodes, which causes a disconnection between nodes within the network. These problems can be avoided by using mobile data sinks, which travel between nodes that have connection problems. This research aims to design, test and optimise a data collection system that addresses the isolated node problem, as well as to improve the connectivity between sensor nodes and base station, and to reduce the energy consumption simultaneously. In addition, this system will help to solve several problems such as the imbalance of delay and hotspot problems. The effort in this paper is focussed on the feasibility of using the proposed methodology in different applications. More ongoing experimental work will aim to provide a detailed study for advanced applications e.g. transport systems for civil purposes.