Artificial Immune Systems: structure, function, diversity and an application to biclustering (original) (raw)

The area of Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) is one of the most recent natural computing approaches and arose from the inter-disciplinary workings of immunologists, computer scientists, and engineers to develop solutions to such problems as distributed control and computer security. The field has developed significantly over the recent years, with the development of solutions to a wide variety of problems ranging from optimization, fault tolerance, data mining, bioinformatics, and robotic systems.