Impact of Photovoltaic Ingress on Power Distribution System (original) (raw)
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Photovoltaic penetration issues and impacts in distribution network – A review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016
The solar energy generation has grown significantly in the past years. The importance of PV penetration in power system as a major element of renewable energy source has seen it being widely used on a global scale. Despite its promising success, PV penetration presents various issues and its impact on the distribution system has to address for seamless integration in the power system. In this paper, a comprehensive overview on important issues affecting the distribution system as a result of PV penetration is presented. Pertinent issues such as voltage fluctuation, voltage rise, voltage balance, and harmonics and their effect on the system are discussed in details. The islanding issues, which are of critical importance to the stability and integrity of the system, are also thoroughly reviewed. Details on different islanding techniquesremote and local techniques and their advantage and disadvantages are shown. Therefore, this paper can provide useful information and serve as a reference for researchers and utility engineers on issues to be considered with regards to PV penetration.
Impact Of Photovoltaic Systems Integration On Electricity Distribution Networks
2014
Traditionally, power systems are designed to operate in a unidirectional power flow. In the past few years, integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems on distribution network has grown rapidly given its potential technical and economic benefits, which include higher network utilization, enhanced reliability and loss reduction. However, the high PV generation during low demand periods may cause potential network problems. In addition, PV generation depends directly to the sun irradiance which could potentially cause problems in the cases of high PV penetration level. The intermittency of the power generated from the PV plants may introduce voltage fluctuation and power quality issues. These issues may limit the PV penetration level and hence necessary measures are needed to alleviate the potential problems. This dissertation investigates the steady state impact of the PV plant penetration on the operation of power distribution networks. This includes the impact of PV generation o...
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2011
The operation of photovoltaic (PV) units connected to the grid is characterized by several uncertainties due to the number of currently operating units, the points where these units are sited, the exported power, and the injection of harmonic currents. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of the penetration of PV units in the low-voltage (LV) network. Thus, a model has been developed for the computation of load flows, harmonics, and voltages in the feeders. A PV panel is modeled as an irradiance-driven current generator, with an embodied maximum power point (MPP) tracking algorithm; it is connected to the network via electronic switches that represent the PV inverter. Simulations are performed with PSIM and Harmoniques simulator packages. Results from the simulated model are validated with data acquired from field measurements and bibliography. Finally, the acceptable penetration level of PV systems is investigated for several scenarios, depending on the topology of the LV network, the number, size, and locations of loads and PV units.
Impact of Grid Connected PV System on Distribution Networks:A Review
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering and Research, 2017
In recent years, development of photovoltaic system (PV System) provides power for local or remote loads. But when large PV system is integrated with the distribution network it will be responsible for number of power quality problem. This paper aims to look into importance of integration of photovoltaic system into electrical network. The development of solar energy in India and future plans is elaborated. The most important impact of high penetrated grid connected PV system on distribution network was investigated.
Simplified Modeling of Low Voltage Distribution Networks for PV Voltage Impact Studies
—Distributed generation is increasingly being integrated into distribution networks worldwide, presenting new challenges for network operators and planners. In particular, the introduction of photovoltaic (PV) generation at the low voltage (LV) level has highlighted the ongoing need for more extensive and detailed modeling to quantify the full extent and nature of potential impacts. While a number of approaches have been developed to address the size of this problem, the most accurate and comprehensive approach is to carry out simulations for the entire network across multiple scenarios. However, this task is computationally complex and requires significant amounts of data. To address this challenge, this paper presents a simplified and computationally efficient methodology based around a two-bus equivalent model, which may be used to estimate the maximum voltage in an LV area due to PV generation over time. The developed model is validated against a full three-phase power flow approach for a real-world distribution network comprising 10 213 LV network areas. Furthermore, to highlight its utility, the model is used in a case study examining the effectiveness of reactive power injection for mitigating overvoltage due to PV generation. Index Terms—Distribution network, photovoltaic systems, power system modeling, reactive power, voltage impact.
Electronics
In order to meet the electricity needs of domestic or commercial buildings, solar energy is more attractive than other renewable energy sources in terms of its simplicity of installation, less dependence on the field and its economy. It is possible to extract solar energy from photovoltaic (PV) including rooftop, ground-mounted, and building integrated PV systems. Interest in rooftop PV system applications has increased in recent years due to simple installation and not occupying an external area. However, the negative effects of increased PV penetration on the distribution system are troublesome. The power loss, reverse power flow (RPF), voltage fluctuations, voltage unbalance, are causing voltage quality problems in the power network. On the other hand, variations in system frequency, power factor, and harmonics are affecting the power quality. The excessive PV penetration also the root cause of voltage stability and has an adverse effect on protection system. The aim of this arti...
High Penetration PV in Distribution Networks, Design and Control
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016
Global warming is a direct consequence of consumption of fossil fuels which emit greenhouse gasses as they produce energy. Solar energy is the most available energy throughout the world in which regardless of capital investment is free and most importantly clean and emission free and could be a solution for global warming along with other renewable sources of energy. But as photovoltaic energy is becoming widespread and penetration level of photovoltaic power plants increase, several issues rise in distribution networks. In this paper, a high penetration photovoltaic power plant is designed and issues associated with it are thoroughly discussed. Voltage rise and cloud passage effect are amongst the most challenging issues in design and implementation of a high penetration photovoltaic power plant in distribution networks. Transient effects of cloud passage could lead to unacceptably low voltage in Point of Common Coupling and maximum penetration level must be set according to these issues. An efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and a DC link voltage control scheme are also presented. Simulations have been done in Matlab/Simulink environment.
2010
This paper studies the effect of allocation of photovoltaic and wind generation units in electrical distribution networks. A complete steady state models for PV energy power generation systems for power flow applications is applied. In addition, a new model for the induction generator for wind generation unit will be presented. These models are driven without any assumption and by taking into consideration complete generation system equivalent circuits parameters. It is noticeable that the input data for these driven models are only the environmental conditions.. In addition, different load models, capacitor banks, distribution transformer and voltage regulators are also implanted with any number of phases and connection. This Analysis is performed to identify issues that will be most relevant to engineers working in planning and operations of distribution systems with installed distribution generation. Comprehensive tests are applied on 123 node IEEE distribution test system.
Analysis and Simulation of Distribution Grids with Photovoltaics
2014
Preface a grid are being implemented in the grid codes of Germany. But there is still the same uncertainty about how the grid is going to develop, and neither the grid operators nor the operators of PV power plants really know how to integrate all solar energy into the grid. This thesis will not solve all these problems and uncertainties. But it will show and give both qualitative and quantitative answers to the question "How much PV can be integrated into the low voltage distribution grid?" and "How can these limitations be mitigated or removed?" xii Acknowledgement Last but not least I would like to thank Peter Darlington who corrected the spelling and grammar of all the publications within this project including this final report, and made sure that appropriate British English standards apply.
Distribution system voltage performance analysis for high-penetration photovoltaics
2008
Now is the time to plan for the integration of significant quantities of distributed renewable energy into the electricity grid. Concerns about climate change, the adoption of state-level renewable portfolio standards and incentives, and accelerated cost reductions are driving steep growth in U.S. renewable energy technologies. The number of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) installations, in particular, is growing rapidly. As distributed PV and other renewable energy technologies mature, they can provide a significant share of our nation's electricity demand. However, as their market share grows, concerns about potential impacts on the stability and operation of the electricity grid may create barriers to their future expansion.