Bio-nematicidal effect of botanicals against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (original) (raw)
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2014
Seedlings of the hybrid tomato cultivar (cv.) “Roma king” grown in a sandy -loam soil were inoculated with 500 eggs of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita on nursery bed with temperature of 26+20C. Flowering, number of leaf, plant height and fruit yield were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in comparison with the treated experiment on the plots. About a 100% loss occurred on number of leaf, fruit and fruit weight; unhealthy plants root galling also increased. The tomato seedlings were then transplanted on m2 plots and ethanol extracts from four (4) plant species: Azadirachta indica leaf, Capsicum annuum fruit, Zingiber officinale rhizome and Parkia biglobosa seed were applied and tested for nematicidal activity at four levels of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 ppm concentrations, applying 5ml per tomato stand. At 1,000ppm concentrations the extracts applied completely (100%) prevented root-knot juveniles with regular and corresponding increase in the tomato plants over the control t...
Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, 2013
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is the major limiting factor in tomato production in many regions of the world including Ethiopia. For its management, different plant species (botanicals) are being tried in different forms as an alternative to nematicides. The nematicidal potential of baker tree (Milletiaferruginea), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygodalina), parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus), lantana (Lantana camara), Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta), Mexican tea (Chenopodium ambrosioides), neem (Azadirachta indica) and pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariafolium) was assessedagainst M. incognitaon tomato under laboratory and pot house. Aqueous extracts of the botanicals (20 g/100 ml w/v) were evaluated at 1, 3 and 5% concentrations in the laboratory; and at 3 and 5% concentrations in pot-house. The majority of extracts caused high degree of reduction in juveniles hatching in the laboratory, especially @ 5% concentration. Mexican marigold leaf, bitter leaf, lantana leaf and baker tree seeds were the most efficacious (above 95% hatching inhibition). In pot house, application of botanicals was found to reduce the formation of galls, number of eggs/egg-mass and final nematode population density in the soil and increased plant height of tomato.Thus, Lantana and Mexican marigold appeared to be promising botanicals. However, further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy under field condition.
Pots experiment of tomato plants was conducted in Directorate of Diyala Agriculture, plant pathology Lab during 2016 , nematicidal activities of aqueous extracts from plants viz., Garlic, Ginger , Castor bean , Nerium and Eucalyptus were assayed against root knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. The results showed that nematicide (Oxymethoed LS) and Castor bean recorded maximum shoot weight of plants (10.6 and 9.0 g) respectively while root weight was increased in treatments of Oxymethoed and ginger (2.45 and 1.5 g) respectively after control treatment (l7.53 g) whereas Oxymethoed and Nerium reduced number of juveniles/pot (0.0,80) respectively.
2012
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is the major limiting factor in tomato production in many regions of the world including Ethiopia. For its management, different plant species (botanicals) are being tried in different forms as an alternative to nematicides. The nematicidal potential of baker tree (Milletia ferruginea), Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygodalina), parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus), lantana (Lantana camara), Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta), Mexican tea (Chenopodium ambrosioides), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariafolium) was assessed against M. incognita on tomato under field conditions. Aqueous extracts of the plants (20 g/100 ml w/v) were evaluated at 3 and 5% concentrations which was applied as soil drench one day after transplanting the seedling. Pronounced reduction in final nematode population density, root-knot index and a significant increase yield per plant and total yields of tomato were observed from plants treated with ...
A pot experiment under polyhouse conditions was carried out to manage the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita by using different botanicals, viz., neem, aak, castor leaves and neem seed kernel powder @ 20 and 30 g/kg soil along with chemical as well as untreated checks. Soil was autoclaved and infested with root-knot nematode (1000J2/ kg soil). Chopped leaves of these phytotherapeutic substances were incorporated to the potted soil treatment wise and a waiting period of ten days was given before sowing of cucumber seeds. The results revealed that all plant growth parameters of cucumber improved while the nematode reproduction factors were suppressed significantly in case of all phytotherapeutic substances and chemical checks as compare to untreated inoculated check. However, higher dose (30 g/ kg) was significantly more effective as compared to the lower dose (20 g/ kg soil). Among phytotherapeutic substances, A. indica seed kernel powder were found to be most effective in suppressing galling (44) and final population in soil (143) followed by neem, castor and aak leaves as compare to untreated inoculated check.
2016
The experiment was conducted at farmer’s field during 2014 and 2015. Tomato seedlings raised in naturally infested nursery. Seedlings were lifted after 45 days of sowing and root-dip treatments were given by different plant extracts viz., Neem (Azadirachta indica), Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) and Aak (Calotropis gigantea) of 20 and 30 per cent concentrations and chemical viz., Imidacloprid of 2 and 3 per cent concentration exposure period was 4 hours. 30 % botanical extract of Neem (A. indica) and 3 % Imidacloprid was found effective. Reduced final nematode population (14183, 13072 and 13628) and increased tomato yield (237.50, 251.04 and 244.27 q/ha) in rest of the treatments in 2014, 2015 and pooled as compared to control. Individually Neem (A. indica) botanical extract was better over other botanicals dip to register lowest RKI at harvest (3.20, 3.01 and 3.10), reduced final nematode population (14163, 11852 and 13008) and yield was recorded maximum (237.50, 250.00 and 243.75 q/ha...
Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics, 2001
.\/eloidogyne incognita eggs were exposed to rOOI extracts of Melia azadirach Linn Dharek), Azadirachta indica A. Jass (Neem), Ricinus communis Linn (Castor) and DaTura alba Linn (Datura). tandard root extracts of Neem and Dharek exhibited 100% inhibition of egg hatching and larva l mortality . Egg inhibition and larval mortality d<,creased with an increase in the di lution of the extracts. imilarly with an increase in exposure time, juvenile mortality was also increased.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
The current experiment was performed to determine the nematicidal behaviour of aqueous extract of various weed plants viz., Parthenium hysterophorus, Cymbopogon citratus, Eichhornia crassipes, Monstera deliciosa and Tinospora cardifolia against hatching, mortality and penetration rate of Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro condition. The eggs and second stage juveniles were exposed to various concentrations (250, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 μg/ml) for 5 days and 12, 24 and 48 h respectively. During the experiment, all plant extracts displayed nematicidal potential. Comparison of LC 50 values of different plant extracts showed that P. hysterophorus was found to be most effective with LC 50 664.9 μg/ml, while T. cardifolia was less effective at 48h of LC 50 1419.0 μg/ml. Aqueous extracts of P. hysterophorus at 2500 μg/ml was highly effective against hatching and mortality after 5 days and 72h exposure period respectively. Whereas T. cardifolia was found least effective. The macerated leaves of P. hysterophorus applied at 0.3 g/kg sand showed the lowest penetration of M. incognita in brinjal roots while T. cardifolia displayed highest after 3 and 5 days' post inoculation. This study suggests that aqueous extract of the selected plants having nematistatic and nematicidal properties that can be used for the management of M. incognita in an eco-friendly manner and sustainable agriculture.