Study of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate,Serum Total Protein, Serum Albumin,Serum Globulin and Red Blood Cell Count in Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle (original) (raw)
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A study on influence of different phases of menstrual cycle on hematological parameters
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
Menstruation is the most common phenomenon observed in fertile women. Menstrual cycle (MC) is of 3 phases: proliferative phase, secretory phase and menstruation phase. It is controlled by endocrine system. Natural fluctuations in sex steroid hormones during MC causes changes in hematological parameters. The aim of the present study to assess the impact of different phases of MC on hematological parameters. The study was conducted in KIMS, Hubli, from 01st March 2011 to 31st March 2012. Women aged between 20-30 years with regular menstrual cycle of 27-30 days were included in the study. During each visit, the subjects’ blood was collected and analyzed using KX-21 SYSMEX for various hematological parameters. A total of 50 healthy young women were included in the study. On statistical comparing of hematological parameters, hematocrit, hemoglobin, neutrophil count and eosinophil count showed a significant difference while no statistically significant difference was observed in RBC, leuc...
Hematological modulation in different phases of menstrual cycle
Background: Menstruation is a phenomenon unique to females and nearly universal experience in women's lives and is poorly understood .It is characterized by co-ordinated sequence of hormonal changes but the changes occur in haemotological parameters, have not been clearly established. Objective: To compare haematological parameters in different phases of menstrual cycle.
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2019
BACKGROUND Menstrual cycle is a physiological state which is associated with numerous changes affecting the hormone levels. The blood counts change especially the leucocyte count and the platelet count, which may give an insight into the immunological status and the haemostatic changes during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. MATERIALS AND METHODS 100 women in the age group of 18-22 year were selected. Total leucocyte count is done by using Turks fluid and Neubauer's Chamber and a compound microscope. Platelet count is done by using Reese-Ecker method. Counts were done during proliferative, secretory and menstrual phases. RESULTS In the present study, the total leucocyte count and platelet count were studied during the menstrual phase, proliferative and secretory phases in 100 subjects in the age group 18-22 years. The results are as follows: The mean age of the subject ± SEM is 18.65 ± 0.106 years. The TLC mean + SEM in menstrual phase is 8387 ± 137.51/cumm, in the proliferative phase, it is 5439.4 ± 78.87/cumm and in the secretory phase it is 5752.34±83.54/cumm. There is a mild increase in the TLC from the proliferative to secretory phase, which grossly increases by the onset of menstruation. The p value is <0.05 which shows that the changes are significant. The mean of the platelet count ± SEM in the proliferative phase is 3.12 ± 0.070 lakhs/cumm, in the secretory phase it is 2.97 ± 0.71 lakhs/cumm and in the menstrual phase it is 2.97±0.72 lakhs/cumm. CONCLUSION The leucocyte count is low during proliferative phase and increases to the maximum in the menstrual phase. The platelet count is high in the proliferative phase and gradually decreases to the lowest values in the menstrual phase.
Human Antibodies, 2019
BACKGROUND: The menstrual cycle is the cycle of natural variations that occurs in the uterus and ovary as an essential part of making sexual reproduction possible. It is characterized by hormonal changes but the changes that occur in some active phase reactants (APR) parameters have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the serum albumin, ESR, and C-reactive protein levels in follicular and luteal phases of menstruation. METHODS: A total of 90 healthy regularly menstruating women where used for this study. Forty-five of the study participants were in their follicular phase while the other 45 where in their luteal phase. Four milliliters of blood were withdrawn from each patient under aseptic condition and two milliliters was dispensed into EDTA container while the other two milliliters were dispensed into a plane container. The EDTA anticoagulated blood was used for ESR and full blood count while the serum from the plain tubes was used for analysis of C-reactive protein and Serum Albumin. Sysmex K-3 auto-analyser (Sysmex, Kobe Japan) was used for te determination of full blood count, the Westergren method was used for ESR estimation, Bromo Cresyl Green method was used for serum albumin and ELISA method was used for CRP determination. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23. RESULTS: This study showed a statistically significant difference in the ESR (p = 0.03) among menstruating women in the follicular and luteal phases of menstruation. Sociodemographic factors had no statistically significant effect on the APR parameters of menstruating women in the follicular and luteal phases of menstruation (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between acute phase proteins of menstruating women in the follicular phase and luteal phases (p > 0.05). Also, age and marital status did not affect the acute phase proteins among menstruating women in the follicular phase and luteal phases (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is need to generate data on menstrual disorders and their impact on women's health status, quality of life and social integration. It is vital that evaluation and treatment of menstrual complaints should be given a higher priority in primary care programs. There is need to invest in public enlightenment program to increase awareness in secondary schools to increase the level of awareness among adolescents as well as young females.
Menstrual Cycle: Evaluation of Hematological Changes
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.7\_Issue.9\_Sep2017/IJHSR\_Abstract.028.html, 2017
Introduction: Literature suggests that menstrual cycle is associated with inflammatory process and with complete blood count (CBC) and hemostatic changes.The aim of this study was to investigate whether CBC, surface platelet markers, platelets-leukocytes aggregates (PLA) and plasma levels of D-Di, PAI-1 and FVIII are able to clarify the hematological changes during menstruation and in the middle day of the menstrual cycle, as well as the influences of the use of combined oral contraceptives (OC) and the age of the woman on this process. Methods: 46 women were evaluated, including young non-combined OC users (Young = 16), young combined OC-users (Young-OC = 20) and >42 years-old non-combined OC users (Woman = 10). CBC was carried out semi-automatically, surface platelet markers and PLA were analyzed by flow cytometry and coagulation and fibrinolysis markers by ELISA. Results: Neutrophil count, platelet activation and plasma levels of D-Di have variation depending on the menstrual cycle. Neutrophil count, platelet activation, PLA, plasma levels of D-Di, and PAI-1 are influenced by the use of combined OC. Platelet count and PAI-1 serum levels are influenced by age of the woman. There are positive correlations among platelet count, platelet surface markers, PLA, coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis whose intensity depends on menstrual cycle phase, combined OC use and woman's age. Conclusions: Menstrual cycle was associated to modifications in hematological components due to hormonal participation. OC use and age seem to be associated to hypercoagulable status.
A review on haematological profile in menstruating, pre-menopausal and menopausal women
International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences (IJARBS)
In females, the reproductive age is characterized by the onset of menstruation called menarche and ceases with the onset of menopause. The female reproductive cycles are controlled by various hormones and these hormones are known as female hormonal system. The female sexual cycle is the cycle of natural changes that occurs in the uterus and ovary as an essential part of making sexual reproduction possible. Its timing is governed by endogenous biological cycles. During the first few days of each monthly female sexual cycle, the concentrations of both FSH and LH secreted by the anterior pituitary gland increase slightly to moderately, with the increase in FSH slightly greater than that of LH and preceding it by a few days. These hormones, especially FSH, cause accelerated growth of 6 to 12 primary follicles each month. Menstruation is the principal cause of iron loss in women. The menstrual period is associated to the rupture of blood vessels which irrigate the superficial layer of the endometrium. Platelets constitute the first haemostatic component that mobilizes in order to interrupt the bleeding as vascular injury occurs. During menstruation, tremendous numbers of leukocytes are released along with the necrotic materials and blood. This is probable as a result of some substances released by the endometrial necrosis which causes the outflow of leukocytes during menstruation. The paper reviewed haematological profile menstruating women,premenopause women and menopause women.
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2021
Objective: To determine the relationship between anemia, menstrual abnormalities and hematological parameters among students, who are studying at Sindh University and are the permanent residents of Hyderabad city. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out at physiology department, university of Sindh Jamshoro. Study duration was one year from August 2018 to July 2019. All participants were the permanent resident of Hyderabad, aged from 18 to 25 years, and willing to contribute in the study. The questionnaire was designed to elicit comprehensive responses from participants regarding hematological parameters and menstrual abnormalities. Menstrual abnormalities such as poly-menorrhea, menorrhagia, oligo-menorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and amenorrhea were determined using the menstrual history. Participants with a hemoglobin level of <12 gm/dl were deemed anemic. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 300 individuals were randomly selected for this s...
Haematological and Electrocardiographic Variations During Menstrual Cycle
Background: Menstruation coupled periodic bleeding from the blood vessels, at the time of shedding of the uterine mucosa has directed interest, more especially in the haematological changes during different phases of menstrual cycle. Methods: The present study was carried out on 30 healthy female medical students in the age group of 18 to 23 years with the normal menstrual cycle of 30 ± 3 days. The various haematological parameter and electrocardiography were studied on the 2 nd , 11 th , 14 th and 22 nd day of menstrual cycle. Result: The study reveals that the total leukocyte count and total platelet count significantly increased (p<0.001) around midcycle, however total eosinophil count significantly decreased (p<0.05) during the same period. Differential leukocyte count, bleeding time, clotting time, heart rate, P-R interval and Q-T interval did not show any significant change during different phases of menstrual cycle, although some mild changes were observed. Conclusion: This study was a moderate attempt to determine regular variation in the different haematological parameters and ECG during the different phases of menstrual cycle in normal healthy females and evaluate conflicting reports on the subjects.
Variation of Haemoglobin level during Follicular and Luteal Phases of menstrual cycle
A cyclic event occurs in women of reproductive age, called as menstrual cycle. During this, variation in levels of steroid sex hormones occurs that influences various organs of humans including haematopoiesis. Aim: Assess the variation in levels of haemoglobin during the follicular and luteal phases of menstrual cycle. Materials and methods: Fifty girls were a part of this study. Heparinized whole blood samples were drawn during the follicular and luteal phases, and levels of haemoglobin recorded using colorimetric method. The data was subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical analysis: Student t-test was used to analyse the values of haemoglobin levels obtained. Conclusion: Statistically non-significant variation occurs in the levels of haemoglobin between the follicular and luteal phases of menstrual cycle.
Blood leukocyte profile in different phases of menstrual cycle
Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology
The optimal availability of immune cells in the peripheral blood stream of women plays a critical role in their response to disease and therapeutic interventions. Interaction between the reproductive and immune system plays an important immunoregulatory role. This study was designed to examine the impact of different phases of menstrual cycle on the blood leukocytes. Twenty-four healthy women in their reproductive age group and having regular menstrual cycle were studied during menstrual, proliferative and secretary phases of menstrual cycle. Total leukocyte count, absolute and differential counts of neutrophils, lymphocytes and mixed cells (includes eosinophils, basophils and monocytes) were analyzed. Results showed that the variations in the different types of leukocytes during different phases of menstrual cycle were not statistically significant. No significant inter group difference, except for the significant decrease in differential lymphocyte percentage in proliferative phas...