Solid Waste Disposal and Extent of Selected Heavy Metals in Fadama Area of Sokoto City, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Mujahid Ajah Matazu and MZ Karkarna, 2021
The research was conducted to assess the level of heavy metals contamination using single and integrated pollution indices in soils around municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria. Forty two soil samples were collected from seven municipal solid waste dumpsites of Kano metropolis using circular plot method. A stainless hand auger at a depth of (0 to 15) top soils and sub-surface soils (15-30cm) depth were collected and analyzed with Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer to determine the heavy metal concentration. The mean concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals from the depth of (15-30 cm) were observed to follow a decreasing order Pb (7.71)>Zn (0.50) > Ni (0.45) > Cr (0.31) > Cd (0.025) while for surface soils (0-15cm) the mean concentration were in the following order: Pb (1.77) > Ni (0.49) > Zn (0.30) > Cr (0.27) > Cd (0.012).The results showed that calculated CF and Er recorded that investigated soil samples are uncontaminated with Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Pb and Ni. The pollution load index (PLI) was less than unity showing that there was minimum pollution in the studied dumpsite. The potential ecological risk showed that soil samples were in the class of low contaminated with the studied heavy metals. The results showed that concentrations of heavy metals of soil samples from dumpsites location at waste dumpsites of Kano Metropolis were within limits of European Union (2002) standards.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2014
The study examined the concentration of heavy metals [Cd, Co. Cu, Pb, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn) in dumpsite soil and waterleaf [Talinum triangulare) growing wildly on Oke-ogi dumpsite, Osun state, Nigeria. Soil samples from different layers [0-15cm, 15-30 cm and 30-45 cm) were collected in triplicate and analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Pb had the highest mean ± SD 91.67±13.80 mgkg -1 followed by Zn, which is 20.85±4.80 mgkg -1 . Mean concentration of Pb and Zn in the soil of the control site is significantly lower than [Pb, 10.67±2.08 mgkg -1 ) and [Zn, 2.58±0.38 mgkg -1 ) respectively. Concentration of Pb in both the dumpsite soil and plant in excess of allowable limit. Concentration of Co in the dumpsite soil [0.02 -0.72 mgkg -1 ). Fe is the most abundant element in the vegetable with a mean value of 186 mgkg -1 followed by Zn [8.63 mgkg -1 ). Heavy metal concentrations followed the order of Pb>Zn>Mn>Cu>Cd>Co in the both the control and dumpsite soils most of which falls below the critical permissible concentration level, their persistence in these soils of the dumpsite may lead to increase 657 uptake by plants. Transfer factor for Cd and Mn were 1, while others values are below 1. Elevated heavy metal concentrations at dumpsite need to be properly addressed given the fact, that inorganic waste are being dumped by the people. This can be done if the sitting of dumpsite is regulated, minimizing waste and remediation techniques, such as bioremediation that have shown potential for their ability to degrade and detoxify certain contaminants.
2018
Population explosion has led to a very large quantities of solid waste being generated from various household, industrial and commercial activities on a daily basis and if not well managed can result in a serious environmental and health impact on the populace. The environmental impact of solid waste sewage sludge and contaminated sediments are greatly influenced by their heavy metals content. Assessment of the kind or type of heavy metals present in the soil enables the evaluation of the metal bioavailability and the tendency of the suitability of the decomposed waste as compost or cover material (Usman, 2012). Hence the need to carry out research to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the soils of dumpsites as a high occurrence of concentration of these heavy metals in soil is undesirable for the intended land use. According to Bowen (1977), many of the heavy metals have long residence time between 1000-3000 years in temperate regions of the world. Generally, soil react...
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination on Soil around E-Waste Dumpsite in Onitsha, Nigeria
Environmental Review, Volume 9, No 1., 2023
Electronic waste (e-waste) has become an issue of major importance as production technology rapidly develops and changes, and more unknown components of the waste enter the municipal waste stream. The absence of a structured management system and laxity in environmental laws and regulations in Anambra State have led to an increased influx of e-waste into the state. It has created an avenue for uncontrolled and crude methods of recovering valuable metals from waste. These ewastes are dismantled, some are burnt without prior knowledge of their composition and noxious matters are released into the environment. This study aimed to establish an understanding of the extent of heavy metals contamination on the soil around e-waste dumpsite in Ochanja in Onitsha, Anambra State with a view to generating baseline data on the extent of contamination of heavy metals from e-waste. Experimental research design was adopted and primary data were obtained through the collection of four different soil samples at varying distances within Ochanja e-waste dumpsite , the study Area. The collected soil samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometerAAS(GBC932AA) for the following heavy metals; Lead(Pb), Cadmium(Cd) Hexavalent chromium(Cr),Copper(Cu), Aluminium(Al) and Nickel(Ni). The result of the analysis showed that Al and Cr had maximium average value of 393.65mg/kg and 161.70mg/kg,followed by Pb(111.4mg/kg),Cu(102.37mg/kg),Cd(11.79mg/kg) and Ni(6.43mg/kg).The heavy metal concentrations in the soil were generally above 100mg/kg with exception of Cadmium (11.79mg/kg) and Nickel(6.43mg/kg),while the average concentrations of Al,Cu and Cd are above USEPA standard of 300mg/kg,50mg/kg and 3mg/kg respectively. The significant heavy metals found in soil samples in and around the dumpsites in the study area likely resulted from poor management of e-waste in the dumpsite in the study area. This is an indicator that the negative health impact of these heavy metals should be further investigated to avert any health and environmental consequences in the study area.
Assessment of heavy metals concentration in a waste dumpsite at Onitsha, Nigeria
The soil quality of a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Onitsha-Owerri road, Onitsha southeastern Nigeria was investigated for possible pollution impacts. Soil samples were collected from three sampling points each located within the dumpsite and a control away from the dumpsite at 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45cm depth profiles. Toxic metals were analyzed with the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Mean Ni, Fe, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cr and Cd concentrations were 2.04 ± 0.53, 287.14 ± 69.76, 16.12 ± 4.16, 90 ± 18.12, 91.11±19.88, 16.52 ± 4.01 and 9.54± 1.49 mg/kg. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test revealed that the levels of the ANALYSIS ARTICLE Page42 ANALYSIS edaphic parameters differed significantly across the soil depths [F(11.24) >Fcrit(3.97)] at P<0.05. A post-hoc means plots that utilized the middle soil profile (30-45cm soil depth) as predictor variable revealed that at the top (0-15cm depth) and bottom (30-45cm depth) soil profiles, Mn (160.20mg/kg), Zn (191.00mg/kg) and Fe (600.20mg/kg) contributed mostly to the observed differences. The edaphic variables measured in this study revealed very significant interactions. All the variables correlated significant with the heavy metals at P<0.01. The wastes at the dumpsite impacted on the overlying soil pedons as well as the high porous sand compositions and high toxic metal levels could make groundwater aquifer of the area vulnerable to pollution from surface point source.
Sretechjournal Publication, 2019
The research evaluated the levels of heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Fe) in two dumpsites and control in Ilesha metropolis, Nigeria. Specific soil properties and the level of metals in dumpsites soil samples and vegetables were also considered. Standard techniques were employed in the appraisal and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Buck Scientific model 210) for the metal concentration analysis. The level of each metal was detected low in the control site compared to the dumpsites which prove that there had been the anthropogenic contribution of heavy metal through the disposal of wastes containing or made of heavy metals. The metal concentration ranges between 0.25 mg/Kg (Cadmium of control) to 82,313 mg/Kg (Iron of IMD dumpsite). The vegetable (Talinum triangulare) that was common to the dumpsites and control accumulated minimal concentrations of the metals. In fact, vegetable in the two dumpsites and control had Cr, Cd, and Pb occurring below the detection limit. All the concentrations of metals studied in soil and vegetable were found to be lower than the maximum permissible limit of heavy metal in soil and vegetable stated by the World Health Organisation (WHO) which implies that the vegetables are presently safe for human consumption. The higher concentration of metals in dumpsite and their vegetables more than the control site shows that there is gradual pollution of heavy metals in the vegetable and implies that there is a need to avoid consuming vegetable grown on these sites and discourage the use of the sites for any form farming activities.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2023
This study aimed to determine the heavy metals (HMs) contaminations in soil of the Hattar industrial estate (HIE), Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For this purpose, various types of soils were collected in HIE and analyzed for the HMs concentrations. The HMs showed highest contamination levels in wastewater irrigated agriculture soil (WWIAS), followed by waste dump site soil (WDSS), and the lowest in range land soil (RLS). Determined HMs concentrations were used for pollution quantification factors, including contamination factors (CFs), pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk factor (ER), and potential health risk assessment, including chronic or non-cancer and cancer risk levels.
Advances in Analytical Chemistry of Scientific & Academic Publishing, 2012
Soil samples collected from three decomposed municipal solid waste dump sites located in Esso, Gbangbara and Eyagi areas of Bida town were analyzed for some heavy metals (Cu , Fe, Pb, Mn and Cr), using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The analysis of the aqua regia digestion showed an average mean concentration (mg/kg) of Cu (342.22±7.6), Mn (570.00± 1.0) and Fe (371.11±1.2) in the three dump sites were exceptionally high. The variation of these heavy metals across these three dump sites were in the order Pb (EY) > Pb (ES) > Pb (GB), Mn(GB) > Mn (ES) > Mn (EY), Fe (GB) > Fe (GB) > Fe (ES) > Fe (EY), Cr (GB) > Cr (EY) > (ES), Cu (GB) > Cu (ES) > Cu (EY). The analysis of the weak sodium acetate solution digestion showed that Cu (5.47± 0.2), Mn (1.88 ± 0.0) and Fe (1.47 ±0.1) (mg/l) on the average exhibited high concentrations in the dump sites. Most of the Cu, Mn and Fe were found to be associated with the exchangeable fraction, which is very soluble and mobile. Base on Federal Environmental Protection Agency and Land Disposal Restrictions standard regulations, these metals exhibit hazardous concentrations.
Comparative study of heavy metals in the soil around waste dump sites within University of Uyo
The high concentration of heavy metals in soils is reflected by higher concentrations of metals in plants consequently in animal and human bodies. Small amounts of many heavy metals are required by plants to remain healthy. Assessment of the levels of Fe, Pb, Cd, Zn and Ni in dumpsite soils and vegetation around solid waste dumpsites within university of uyo environment was carried out using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometric technique. This study focused on the investigation of soil contamination (Fe, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni) in dumpsite soil and accumulation in plant growing in the environment within university of uyo. Total of six soil samples were collected three dumpsites in which three were control and nine plants samples were also collected at the three different dumpsite. Soil samples were randomly collected by depth profile (0-5cm). Both soil and plant samples were pretreated, digested by the wet method using microwave oven. Heavy metals in soil and plant samples were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) equipped with Graphite Furnace. Concentrations of the metals in the dumpsite soil and plant were found to be in higher concentrations compared to control. However, continuous exposure to these metals might bring about bioaccumulation and thus harmfulhealth effects on the population.