Neglected Origins of Modern Hebrew Prose: Hasidic and Maskilic Travel Narratives (original) (raw)

The emergence of modern Hebrew literature has too often been represented as a straight line from Enlightenment authors'meliẓato “Mendele'snusaḥ” in S. Y. Abramovitsh's fiction. If we are to move beyond this one-dimensional geometry, we must add additional lines of development: from traditional rabbinic writing in postmishnaic Hebrew, branching out to hasidic narratives and parodies of hasidic Hebrew, and gradually leading toward a more vernacular Hebrew style. Once we have recognized the inadequacy of the older model, which culminates in hyperbolic claims for Abramovitsh's short stories (1886–96), we can better appreciate the contributions of diverse authors such as R. Nathan (Nosn) Sternharz (1780–1845), Mendel Lefin (1749–1826), and their successors.

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Grammatical similarities between 19th-century Hasidic and Maskilic Hebrew narratives

This paper comprises the first comparative linguistic analysis of Hasidic and Maskilic Hebrew narrative literature composed in the second half of the nineteenth century in Eastern Europe. Its main contention is that the Hasidic and Maskilic corpora have a high degree of morphological and syntactic correspondence, with a comparable distribution of biblical, rabbinic, medieval, and independent features. These findings have significant implications for Early Modern Hebrew research as they represent the first challenge to the traditional view that Hasidic and Maskilic Hebrew have little in common, the former being regarded as largely rabbinic-based and the latter as mainly biblicizing. The paper demonstrates these arguments by examining a selection of shared phenomena including the biblically derived wayyiqṭ ol and infinitive construct without lamed prefix; the rabbinic masculine plural with nun suffix and qal yiqṭ ol of II-and III-guttural and stative roots; the medieval qal infinitive construct of I-yod and I-nun roots with subject suffix; and independent features including the retention of the definite article following inseparable prepositions, unapocopated wayyiqṭ ols, the qaṭ al in past progressive and habitual contexts, the particle ‫הנה‬ + infinitive construct, and the technique of shibbuṣ . These points are illustrated with examples from Hasidic tales published by the prominent collectors M. L. Rodkinsohn and M. M. Bodek, and from Maskilic prose fiction by a range of authors including

What Was - and Is - Hebrew Literature? A Review Essay

CCAR Journal, 2021

This is a review essay discussing the evolution of modern Hebrew literature, from the first pioneers through contemporary questions about what constitutes a modern Hebrew "canon." It discusses the lessons of two recent books: "The Lady of Hebrew and Her Lovers of Zion," by Hillel Halkin (Toby Press, 2020) and "Since 1948: Israeli Literature in the Making," Nancy E. Berg and Naomi B. Sokoloff, eds. (SUNY Press, 2020).

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