Petro-mineralogical and geochemical characterisation of Middle Neolithic Bükk culture fine ware from Garadna, NE Hungary (original) (raw)
Related papers
The investigations and results presented here were carried out in the framework of a DAAD-MÖB bilateral project. As a part of the complex aim of this project, a limited sample collection (containing ceramics, floor and daub) from two Neolithic archaeological sites, Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza and Füzesabony-Gubakút, was investigated. In addition to this archaeological sample group, geological samples (near surface clayey soils/sediments) were collected from the vicinity of the sites to find the most likely sources of raw materials for pottery making. Both ceramic and sediment samples were subjected to the same methodological research (microscopic petrographic and instrumental chemical investigations). In this way comparable data could be gained. One aim of our research was to make a comparison between the ceramic (and other clay derivative) finds of the two Neolithic sites (Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza is connected to the Körös, while Füzesabony-Gubakút to the Alföld Linear Pottery Culture). It became clear that – despite the different cultures – the two pottery assemblages show significant technological similarities to each other and to ceramic material from the Körös Culture. The other aim of our research was to identify the most probable sources of raw materials for pottery making and to characterise the pottery manufacturing process. The results show that Early Neolithic potters probably made their pots directly (without any washing or cleaning) from the local alluvial clayey sediment which they could collect from topographic depressions of the landscape in the vicinity of the sites. They added variable sized plant remnants to this paste as a temper. Then the hand fashioned vessels were fired at a relatively low (700—750°C) temperature in an atmospherically non-controlled firing place. A floor remnant from Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza was made of a more carbonatic raw material than the pots. On the one hand, our results can help to define the pottery traditions of these two Neolithic sites from an archaeological point of view. On the other hand, they can extend the presently sporadic raw data on archaeometrical ceramic investigations of this archaeological era.
Vuković J. Technology and function: usage aspects of the Neolithic pottery of the central Balkans. 9.40-10.00 Manem S. Model the evolution of ceramics traditions and apprenticeship networks: a method based on a phylogenetic approach and the chaîne opératoire analysis. Gajić-Kvaščev M. and Jančić-Heinemann R. Non-destructive characterisation and sourcing the origin of archaeological ceramic findings from Pločnik, Vinča and Bubanj Sites. 11.40-12.00 Miloglav I. What can pottery tell us? Connecting the past through ceramic sherds.
This paper examines the technological aspects of Early and Middle Bronze Age ceramics from a tell settlement at Százhalombatta (Hungary) by using polarising and cathodoluminescence microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) analyses. Towards the end of the Middle Bronze Age, during the Koszider period, ceramic production became more elaborate; and highly distinctive vessels appeared in terms of their decoration, surface treatment and firing conditions. For this analysis eight sherds belonging to fine and coarse wares were selected. In order to assess how potters may have altered their raw materials potential clay samples around the tell settlement were also examined by the same techniques. Results suggest that potters used locally available clays and even the most distinct vessels in terms of decoration (Rákospalota type wares) seem to be locally made. In spite of the similarities in clay compositions, however, there is a clear distinction between how potters manipulated their clay and temper even within a similar vessel type. This practice resulted in the existence of intrasite technological traditions
RAW MATERIAL USE AT THE MIDDLE PALAEOLITHIC SITE OF VANYARC (NORTHERN HUNGARY)
At the Middle Palaeolithic site of Vanyarc a large sample of chipped stone artefacts were collected and excavated in the last years. On typological grounds the industry is characterized by bifacial and leaf shaped tools. In the raw material spectra, beside the dominating local limnic quartzite variants, the high ratio of the Szeletian felsitic porphyry should be stressed: one third of the assemblage was made of this rock, coming from 95 km as the crow fl ies. Quartzite, nummulithic chert and radiolarite pebbles from the nearby outcrops were used at the site in smaller quantities. The paper deals with the use of the different raw material types, based on the preliminary typological, technological and refi tting studies of the excavated assemblage.
Archeovest V1 – In Honorem Doina Benea Interdisciplinariate ȋn Archeologie şi Istorie, Asoia ția Archeovest, 2017
Editor: Sorin FORȚIU (cu mulțumiri pentru ajutorul punctual acordat lui Andrei STAVILĂ, Cristian OPREAN, Adrian CÎNTAR și Simona REGEP) Coordonator: Dorel MICLE DVD-ROM: Adrian CÎNTAR WEB: Sorin FORȚIU și Claudiu TOMA Coperta: Alice DUMITRAȘCU Foto copertă: Tudor VREME-MOSER, http://ideatm.ro/wordpress/ Această lucrarea a apărut sub egida: © ArheoVest, Timișoara, 2017 Președinte Lorena SMADU www.arheovest.com ISBN 978-963-315-358-1 (Összes/General) ISBN 978-963-315-359-8 (I. kötet/volumul) Avertisment: Acest volum digital este o imagine cât se poate de fidelă a celui tipărit.
The Exploitation of Raw Materials in Prehistory: Sourcing, Processing and Distribution, 2017
The paper considers certain technological aspects of the production of ceramic vessels by the Danubian cultures around the Western Carpathians. The analysis covers the vast areas north of the Carpathians (Lesser Poland) and the northern part of the Carpathian Basin (the borderland between Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Trans-Carpathian Ukraine). At the same time the analysis embraces a long time period, spanning 5500 and 4000/3800 cal. BC. The petrographic analysis of the pottery is focused on mineralogical and petrographic composition and component quantity ratios. Thin sections taken from the ceramic fragments have been examined with a polarized light microscope. The technological groups of ceramics of the Danubian cultures in Lesser Poland were distinguished. Pottery from the Carpathian Basin was also classified into a few petrographic groups. The results of the analysis of ceramic technology are helpful in the reconstruction of culture change processes around the Western Carpathians.
Differences in the selection of raw materials at the site of Polgár-Csőszhalom, northeast Hungary
Chipped stone artefacts played an important role in sustaining human life not just in the Palaeolithic, but in the Neolithic period also. The raw material preferences and choices became more indicative as more complex settlements and societies emerged. Chipped stones in different contexts teach us to take into consideration the many aspects of the prehistoric worldview. The Late Neolithic site of Polgár-Csőszhalom reflects well this combined phenomenon, where two different habitation units (tell and horizontal settlement), two different geographical regions (Central Europe and the Balkans), two different aspects of life (ritual and profane) met and mixed with each other. Although we would like to think of these categories as more plastic and permeable for the prehistoric people, it is worth trying to investigate separately the various situations in which chipped stone artefacts played their role. Through these analyses it became clear that generally the local raw material is more related to the supposed everyday life part of the settlement, while the tell is more oriented toward distant sources. In the meantime, in other situations the stone itself became a medium and bears a significance, no matter which type was used. In some cases, the choice of raw material and technology used may have been dictated by practical reasons, without any other underlying motivation.