Investigation of radiation absorption coefficients of lead-zinc mine waste rock mixed heavy concrete at 662–1460 keV energy range (original) (raw)
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Construction and Building Materials, 2016
h i g h l i g h t s Concrete samples were prepared in C16, C25 and C35 classes. Mechanical and physical properties of the aggregate and concrete samples was determined. Linear attenuation coefficients were measured for 662 keV energy. Linear attenuation coefficients was increased as lead mine waste was mixed into limestone. However linear attenuation coefficients was decreased as lead mine waste was mixed into barite.
The International Conference on Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 2016
Ordinary concrete is widely used in many applications that concerned with gamma and neutron radiation shielding. They are widely used in nuclear power plant, nuclear shelters, radiotherapy-mega voltages rooms and for transporting as well as storage of radioactive wastes. In this study four different concrete mixes were prepared using dolomite, barite, goethite and steel slag as coarse aggregates. Fine aggregates for all samples selected to be 50% local sand and 50% limonite with theaddition of 10% silica fume (SF) and 10% fly ash (FA) by replacement of the total cement weight. The cement type used in this study was Portland blast furnace slag cement (PBFSC) with quality CEM/B-S 42.5 N according to EN 197-1standard. Many investigations were performed on physical, mechanical and radiation attenuation properties of these mixes to stand on the best concrete mixes that can be used for radiation shielding applications. A verification using WinXcom program (Version 3.1) was made for radiation attenuation test results. The results revealed that all concrete mixes; goethite-limonite concrete (G.L), Barite-limonite concrete (B.L), steal slag-limonite concrete (S.L) and dolomite concrete (D.C) had good physical and mechanical properties that classified them as high performance concrete. Barite-limonite concrete (B.L) and steal slaglimonite concrete (S.L) were the best for γ-ray attenuation at relatively low and high energy ranges (<1ϺeV and >1ϺeV). The results obtained from WinXcom program (Version 3.1) showed good agreement with the experimental results of the γ-ray attenuation tests.
In this study, the dependence of gamma-ray absorption coefficient on the particulate matter sizes of steel slag, iron fillings and steel balls incorporated concrete were examined. The contents of these fillers in concrete mix was kept constant to 35 wt. %. Only the filler particle size was varied during the tests. The particle size ranged from 0.2mm to 1mm for steel slags and the iron fillings and from 2.5mm to 10mm for the steel balls.The concrete samples were assessed for their anti-radiation attenuation coefficient properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation source was Cs137 radioactive element with photon energy of o.662 MeV. The results showed that gamma-ray attenuation coefficient was inversely proportional to the filler particulate matter size. Likewise the mean free paths for the tested samples were obtained. Maximum linear attenuation coefficient of 1.102±0.263cm-1 was attained for the iron filling.The iron balls and the steel slags showed much inferior values. The concrete incorporates iron filings afforded the best shielding effect. The density, microstructure, homogeneity and particulate distribution of the concrete samples were examined and evaluated using different metallographic, microscopic and measurement facilities.
International Journal of Science and Research, 2014
In this study, the effect of barite mineral (BaSO4) loading rates and its dispersive manner within two types of heavy constructive concrete matrix on anti radiation attenuation coefficients was investigated. To attain this goal geopolymer concrete based on fly ash and Ordinary Portland cement concrete of different barite additions were fabricated and examined. Similar proportions of natural mineral rocks (Hematite) rich in iron acquired from the north part of Iraq (Al-Sulaimanya site) as aggregates was added to the two concrete mixtures to enhance their density. Then fabricated cured and dried samples were assessed for their anti radiation attenuation properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation sources comprised 137 Cs and 60 Co radioactive elements with photon energies of 0.662 MeV for 137 Cs and average energy level about 1.25 MeV for the 60 Co. Likewise, the linear attenuation coefficient μ (cm-1), mean free path mfp (cm), half value layer HVL(cm), Compressive Strength (Mpa), Density (kg/m 3), Water Absorption (%) for the tested samples were obtained. The maximum linear attenuation coefficients (µ) were attained for ordinary concrete incorporates barite of 75 wt. %. They were of 0.459 ± 4.7 × 10-2 for 137 Cs and 0.371 ± 3.3 × 10 −2 for 60 Co. For geopolymer they were of 0.396 ± 4.9 × 10 −2 for 137 Cs and 0.316 ± 4.7 × 10 −2 for 60 Co. Substantial improvement in attenuation performance by 15%-20% was achieved for concrete samples incorporate barite at different (15%-75%) loading rates. The microstructure, concrete density, homogeneity and particulate dispersion were examined using different metallographic, microscopic and measurement facilities. It was found that as the loading barite level is increased within the concrete mix the linear attenuation coefficient is improved for both the geopolymer and ordinary samples.
Samples of concrete contain various waste materials, such as iron particulates, steel balls of used ball bearings and slags from steel industry were assessed for their anti-radiation attenuation coefficient properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation sources comprised 137 Cs and 60 Co radioactive elements with photon energies of 0.662 MeV for 137 Cs and two energy levels of 1.17 and 1.33 MeV for the 60 Co. Likewise the mean free paths for the tested samples were obtained. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the waste loading rates and the particulate dispersive manner within the concrete matrix on the attenuation coefficients. The maximum linear attenuation coefficient (μ) was attained for concrete incorporates iron filling wastes of 30 wt %. They were of 1.12 ± 1.31×10 −3 for 137 Cs and 0.92 ± 1.57 × 10 −3 for 60 Co. Substantial improvement in attenuation performance by 20%-25% was achieved for concrete samples incorporate iron fillings as opposed to that of steel ball samples at different (5%-30%) loading rates. The steel balls and the steel slags gave much inferior values. The microstructure, concrete-metal composite density, the homogeneity and particulate dispersion were examined and evaluated using different metallographic, microscopic and measurement facilities.
Mechanical and radiation shielding properties of mortars with additive fine aggregate mine waste
Incorporation of barite-fluorspar mine waste (BFMW) as a fine aggregate additive has been investigated for its effect on the mechanical and shielding properties of cement mortar. Several mortar mixtures were prepared with different proportions of BFMW ranging from 0% to 30% as fine aggregate replacement. Cement mortar mixtures were evaluated for density, compressive and tensile strengths, and gamma ray radiation shielding. The results revealed that the mortar mixes containing 25% BFMW reaches the highest compressive strength values, which exceeded 50 MPa. Evaluation of gamma-ray attenuation was both measured by experimental tests and computationally calculated using MicroShield software package, and results have shown that using BFMW aggregates increases attenuation coefficient by about 20%. These findings have demonstrated that the mine waste can be suitably used as partial replacement aggregate to improve radiation shielding as well as to reduce the mortar and concrete costs.
Bulletin of Materials Science, 2011
This study investigated the X-ray and radioisotope energy absorption capacity of heavyweight concrete containing barite aggregate. Concrete plates were prepared using differing amounts of barite aggregate instead of normal aggregate. Density-thickness-energy variations of these concretes for 85 keV, 118 keV, 164 keV, 662 keV and 1250 keV ray energies were recorded. It was observed that the concretes with greater barite content had a higher density and energy absorption capacity.
Advanced Materials Research, 2013
Samples of concrete contain various waste materials, such as iron particulates, steel balls of used ball bearings and slags from steel industry were assessed for their anti-radiation attenuation coefficient properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation sources comprised 137 Cs and 60 Co radioactive elements with photon energies of 0.662 MeV for 137 Cs and two energy levels of 1.17 and 1.33 MeV for the 60 Co. Likewise the mean free paths for the tested samples were obtained. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the waste loading rates and the particulate dispersive manner within the concrete matrix on the attenuation coefficients. The maximum linear attenuation coefficient (μ) was attained for concrete incorporates iron filling wastes of 30 wt %. They were of 1.12 ± 1.31×10 −3 for 137 Cs and 0.92 ± 1.57 × 10 −3 for 60 Co. Substantial improvement in attenuation performance by 20%-25% was achieved for concrete samples incorporate iron fillings as opposed to that of steel ball samples at different (5%-30%) loading rates. The steel balls and the steel slags gave much inferior values. The microstructure, concrete-metal composite density, the homogeneity and particulate dispersion were examined and evaluated using different metallographic, microscopic and measurement facilities.
Gamma Radiation Absorption Characteristics of Concrete with Components of Different Type Materials
Acta Physica Polonica A, 2010
Nuclear facilities as nuclear power stations, nuclear research reactors, particle accelerators and linear accelerator in medical institution using concrete in building construction. The different type materials of the aggregate as component of concrete were analyzed to provide radiation protection. The energy deposited the transmission factor and the mass attenuation coefficients in ordinary and barite concretes have been calculated with the photon transport Monte Carlo software. The numerical simulations results show that using barite as an aggregate in the concrete is one of the solutions for gamma ray shielding. Thereat, it is shown non-destructive method for determining the gamma radiation absorption characteristics of concrete.