Identifying causal and effect corruption points: driving the improvement of the health of the administrative system (original) (raw)
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Institutional Quality, Natural Resource Rent, and Shadow Economy
Journal of Research in Economic Modeling
Natural resource rent affects countries' economies through various channels. Revenues from the natural resources sales are expected to boost countries' economic growth, but the economic experience of recent decades reveals the numerous economic problems in these countries, the most important of which may be the increase in the shadow economy size. Moreover, the institutions specify the significant economic axes like resources and assets distribution in the community, so that the level of institutional quality brings about the optimal resource directing and their allocation through economic stability and affects the shadow economy volume by increasing economic stability and reducing uncertainty. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of natural resource rent and institutional quality on the shadow economy in 87 countries with high and low inflation rates from 2000 to 2018. The analysis method was system generalized-method of moments (System GMM). Smart PLS software was used to estimate the shadow economy. The results indicated that in both low-inflation and high-inflation countries, the increase in institutional quality has reduced the size of the shadow economy, and the rent of natural resources has had a positive relationship with the volume of the shadow economy.
Predictability of organizational culture and job stress
sid.ir
Introduction: This research was to investigate the relationship between dimensions of organizational culture and job stress among oil refining company staffs. Method: A sample of 248 staffs randomly selected from oil refining company and filled two questionnaires; namely organizational culture and symptom of stress & sources of stress. Results: The overall results showed significant negative correlation between dimensions of organizational culture and job stress dimensions (p<0.01). 21% of variances of job stress were predicted by cooperative organizational culture subscale and 32% of variances of organizational culture were predicted by job stress subscale (symptom of stress, under load role, conflict between coworkers, loneliness, over load role, work environment, lack of control). There was an interaction between organizational culture and symptom of stress. Conclusion: However, the job stress scores are low, but on the long run, it is better to increase the cooperative organizational culture in order to reduce job stress.
Arak Medical University Journal, 2016
Background & objectives: As dental solid waste are among the most important environmental pollutants due to its high contents of toxic and hazardous agents, suitable treatment and management of it are of great importance. The objective of this study was to quantity & quality analyses of dental solid waste and associated management practices in the general dentistry offices in the city of Arak. Materials & Methods: 15 samples of solid waste were taken from the 5 selected general dentistry offices, classified into 66 components and 4 fractions, and then the quantity & quality characteristics were evaluated. Management practices of the solid waste were also investigated by using a questionnaire. Results: According to the results, per capita and the average generation rate of each dentistry office were 66.71 g/day-patient and 1340.45 g/day, respectively. Potential infectious, domestic-type, chemical & pharmaceutical, and toxic wastes consisted of 54.25%, 35.14%, 8.19%, and 2.14% of the ...
Assessment center and job analysis application in determination of managerial competencies
2012
The aim of the current research was to determine Assessment Center (AC) competencies and dimensions via job analysis and provide consistency of assessor's judgment, also determine relation between job complexity and AC dimensions. Statistical population consisted of all managers of the different organizations of Isfahan, whom 200 mangers were selected via convenient method and assessors were trained, considering seven steps of AC and integrated by same frame of reference in their judgment. Managers' job analysis was performed via the Professional and Managerial Position Questionnaire (PMPQ) and the complexity subscale of job analysis was considered as dimension with salient role in manager competency. Then, assessors scored managers via simulation exercises and Flanagan Industrial Test (FIT) on dimensions or competencies. The six category embedded 22 dimension was specified via exploratory factor analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis findings were administered for each of evaluators in dependently and indicate desirability of six factor model. Also, the relation between job complexity in job analysis and correspondent obtained competencies were high. The findings indicate that job analysis is important in two aspects, first validation of AC finding, second in determining competencies dimensions. Thus, Assessment centers and job analysis can be used to diagnose and assess managerial competencies.
Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 2012
Introduction: Originality and dynamism of university activities calls for a democratic atmosphere and considered as a supporting principles for faculties. Giving autonomy to universities is a fundamental policy to enhance their responsibility, accountability, and dynamism. Hence, this study is an endeavor to investigate the autonomy and academic freedom situation in university from the viewpoints of faculty members. Methods: Study population included 550 faculty members in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. According to Morgan tables, a sample size of 230 faculties was selected from different schools. Academic freedom, the effect of international policies, and university independence were measured through a researcher-designed questionnaire including 15 close questions in 4 points Likert scale. The score for each item was calculated out of 100. The questionnaire's validity was verified by experts and the reliability was approved by Cronbach's Alpha (91%). Results: The mean scores for main domains were: university's autonomy (81.3±21.3), the effect of international policies (76.9±20.5), and academic freedom (73.3±21.6). Among the items, lack of university's financial independence and its reliance to governmental budget (85.6), the effect of international politics on international academic associations (79.1), the effect of political attitude of university managers on academic atmosphere (76.9), continuous changes of programs after management changes (76.5) were factors which showed the highest mean scores respectively. Conclusion: Regarding the importance of academic freedom and autonomy in accountability and the growth of creativity and innovation in university, this subject should be considered more than ever. Besides, according to strategic management and planning and establishment of monitoring system and systematic accountability could prevent the redundancy resulted from political changes.
Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 2008
هديكچ فده هئارا زا نيا هلاقم يسررب ةطبار و ينامزاس گنهرف كبس ياه يربهر نايم ياسؤر هدكشناد ياه هن هاگشناد هدوب تسا . رد نيا شهوژپ 562 زا رفن ياضعا يه ئ هب يملع ت پ شسر همان اه ي گنهرف يبايزرا ينامزاس ، يتيريدم ياهتراهم يبايزرا و كبس يربهر دنداد خساپ . رد هعلاطم نيا يرامآ هعماج هباشم هدكشناد تفه زا 3829 يه وضع ئ تسا هدش ليكشت يملع ت . ب ه ليلد هكنيا دوب نكمم رب ،دنشاب هتشاد يراكمه هب يكدنا ليامت رظن دروم ياههاگشناد ناداتسا تفا زا زيهرپ يا دش شخپ ناداتسا همه نايم رد اه همانشسرپ ،هنومن دادعت . ليلحت هداد نايم هك داد ناشن اه گنهرف ينامزاس دوجوم و آ ر ام ين اضعا ي يه ئ ت يملع ف ا هلص دراد دوجو . يه ياضعا ئ نيا رب يملع ت دنرواب هك رد يم راك يياضف هك دننك اهيگژيو نيا ياراد تسا يگنهرف ي : رگ شيا هب رادياپ ي ناق ، اهنو گتسايس و ذ راك و يگنهامه ،يمسر ياهيرا ا فده ،يي و يروحم اهدمايپ رب ديكأت . نيا اب لاح ، اب سررب ي ياهخساپ اضعا ي يه ئ يملع ت همانشسرپ هب اه رف هك دش راكشآ گنه ينامزاس اهنآ ينامرآ لماش فاطعنا ،لمع يدازآ ،يريذپ يراكمه و يروآون ،يناسنا عبانم دشر ، شنيرفآ طخ ، ر دشر ،يريذپ هفرح هفر...
The Effect of Theory-based Intervention on Promote Workers’ Safe Behavior in Isfahan Steel Company
Journal of Isfahan Medical School, 2010
Background: The word wide concern for safety has created a need for new and effective methods to improve safety in the workplace. The aim of this study was to promote safe behavior in Isfahan Steel Company workers by theory-based intervention. Methods: This randomized control trial consisted of two case and control groups. The case group received intervention based on Health Action Model. Control group did not receive any intervention except participating in the current safety courses of company. The sample size was 270 ...