Effects of Dairy Cows Management Systems on the Physicochemical and Nutritional Quality of Milk and Yogurt, in a North-Eastern Romanian Farm (original) (raw)
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Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 2024
The aim of this study was to compare the composition of fatty acids (FA) present in raw milk. The variable factors were the type of food that was fed to the cows from which milk was collected and the time of year. Special attention was paid to the FA factor-important in human nutrition. The animals from which the raw material was collected were kept in a traditional system, i.e. in an alcove-pasture system (farm A) and in an alcove system with the use of food delivered by a mixer feeder wagon (farm B). The study material consisted of collected milk, which was tested in 12 replications at each farm during the winter and summer in 2019. The FA content showed variability for cows grazed on a pasture farm in the summer compared to few changes in the FA obtained from cows fed on the TMR feeding system. In general, the study showed that the choice of feed and the season in which the animals are fed are important, as these factors affect milk fat (fatty acid) and, more specifically, have an impact on overall milk quality.
Diet and bioclimatic conditions on production and milk quality
2017
It was aimed to analyze the productive performance of lactating cows on isoprotein fed diets, at differentiated environmental conditions. Eight Holstein cows were used, grouped in two 4 × 4 balanced Latin squares design. The treatments were evaluated in 2 × 2 factorial designs: sources of roughage (corn silage – CS plus concentrate, and the combination of corn silage with sugarcane - CSSC, 1:1 on DM, plus concentrate) and distinct environment (with= WS and without= OS, fan and nebulizers system= Sfn). The estimation of dry matter intake (DMI), productive performance and physicochemical parameters of milk were evaluated. There was no interaction effect of environment factors and source of forage. There was signiÀ cant effects for the source forage factors, where the DMI for the CSSC based diet was higher than the CS based diet in the effect of forage (4.22 vs. 4.06% BW, and 22.3 vs. 21.7 kg/d, respectively, P≤0.05), but with similar milk production correcting 3.5% fat (23.01 vs. 22.62, CSSC and CS; 22.85 vs. 22.78 kg/day, WS and OS, respectively, P≥0.05). The feed efÀ ciency and conversion was similar in both factors (102.8 vs. 104.7% and 0.99 vs. 1.0, CSSC and CS; 102.5 vs. 104.9% and 1.0 vs. 0.99, WS and OS, respectively, P≥0.05). The beneÀ t-diet cost ratio was higher for CS-based diet than for CSSC (7.44 vs. 6.97, P≤0.05). There were effects only in the forage factor for CP milk (3.26 vs. 3.23%, P≤0.05), lactose (4.54 vs. 4.49%, P≤0.05) and urea nitrogen in milk (23.21 vs. 20.71 mg/dL, P≤0.05) and the superiority arising from the CSSC-based diet in comparison to the CS diet. There was higher for T and THI (28.1 vs. 23.6°C and 75.1 vs. 71.1, respectively, P≤0.05), and lower RH to 2:00 pm (47.7 vs. 64.5%, P≤0.05). The linear score showed negative correlations with DMI, milk production, lactose and urea nitrogen (-0.36, -0.69, -0.44 and -0.32, P≤0.05, respectively). The use of the diet based on CSSC proposed increases in DMI and milk quality without affecting production, but with smaller beneÀ t-diet cost ratio. The use of the environmental cooling system did not improve the production, qualitative parameters of milk and thermal comfort of dairy cows under the conditions evaluated.
Evaluation of the Quality of the Buffalo Milk Produced in South-Western Romania
Milk has been used since the ancient times as staple by many people because of the optimal proportion of nutrients. Buffalo milk contains 58% more calcium, 40% more protein and 43% less cholesterol than cow milk. This paper makes an evaluation of the buffalo milk quality from the south-western area of Romania, Dolj (D) and Olt (O) Counties, by determining milk protein (Kjeldahl method), milk fat (extraction in organic solvents), lactose (iodometric method) and fatty acids (gas chromatography).
Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Chemia, 2018
Reported here is a comparative analysis of the milk from three representative breeds of dairy cows from Romania-Maramures Brown (Brună de Maramureş), Romanian Spotted (Bălțata Românească) and Black Spotted Romanian (Bălțata cu Negru Românească)-in terms of SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein distribution, total contents of protein, lipids, lactose, dry substance, somatic cell counts, pH and yield of milk. The Maramures Brown displays the highest percentage of proteins and of dry matter, the lowest yield of milk, the highest amounts of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin (tied with the Spotted Romanian for the latter) and the lowest serum albumin and immunoglobulin. The Black Spotted Romanian shows the highest yield of milk, the highest content of lactose, the lowest content in lipids and protein and dry matter, the highest content of casein and BSA, and the lowest content of α-lactalbumin and immunoglobulin. The Spotted Romanian shows the highest content of lipids, the highest SSC and the highest proportion of lactoferrin. Positive correlations with r values at 0.6-0.8 are found between the relative contents of various components-α vs. β casein, Ig vs. α casein, Ig vs. βLgb, lactoglobulin vs. lactalbumin, β casein and αLac, BSA vs. β casein and αLac, total protein content vs. dry residue, SSC vs. lactoferrin and β casein. A weak negative correlation is seen between the total lipid content and lactose (-0.6).
Influence of different dairy farming systems on milk quality and production
2018
During 2011, the impacts of two different dairy cow management systems (pastureconfinement and confinement-only), season and lactation on milk production and animal health was observed. Milk production and quality was estimated on the basis of the following parameters: daily production, fat content, protein, lactose, solids non-fat, somatic cells, indices of fat and protein, and the amount of urea in milk. Cattle raised in the pasture-confinement system (Farm 1) produced a significantly greater amount of milk than cows housed in a barn all year around (Farm 2). At Farm 1, milk yield was highest in summer, while on the Farm 2, it was highest in autumn. The content of milk fat, protein and non-fat dry matter was higher when milk production was lower (autumn) and vice versa. The content of milk fat and protein was lowest during summer. Significant differences between the two systems were also observed in the concentration of urea in milk. In the pasture-confinement system, the amount o...
2018
The aim of this study was to investigate potential variations in chemical composition, coagulation traits and Fatty Acid (FA) composition of sheep milk from organic (ORG) and Conventional (CON) dairy farms located in three regions of West Greece. Bulk milk was sampled twice per month from March to May over 2 years from organic (n=25) and conventional (n=15) dairy sheep farms. Milk samples were analyzed for their coagulation properties (r, K20, a30), chemical composition (fat, protein and lactose) and mineral content (Ca, Mg, K, Na). Milk fatty acids profile was also determined. Significant differences were found in protein content, total solids (TS) and solids-notfat (SNF) contents as well as mineral (Ca, Mg and Na) content between organic and conventional milk. Total solids (TS) solids-not-fat (SNF) and protein contents were significantly higher (P<0.001) in organic (ORG) milk with respect to conventional milk. A higher content of Ca, Mg and Na found in organic milk in compariso...
2014
The quantitative assessment of milk production is an important element which certifies the potential productive and efficient exploitation of dairy cows. On the other hand in qualitative milk’s appreciation, mostly important is the hygienic and sanitary quality, expressed in total number of germs (TNG) and the somatic cells count (SCC). By evaluating the milk’s quality on the basis of determining total germs number and the number of somatic cells, there were obtained very good values of these two indicators. At the same time were determined average milk production with the fat, protein, lactose and dry matter found in 100 grams of milk. The total number of germs (TNG) obtained in the 144 examined samples has values lower than 10 x 1,000 germs/mL, and the number of somatic cells has been situated between 17,000 SCC/mL and 483,000 SCC/mL.
Composition and Processing Characteristics of Milk from Lithuanian Black and White Cows
2019
The goals of this study were to understand how seasonal variations in composition of milk from native breed cows influence the technological properties of milk and how these changes might be beneficial for the production of cultured dairy products. Milk samples from native Lithuanian Black and White dairy cattle breed (LBW) were collected and profiled for different compositional and technological traits over a 1-year period. In general, insignificant differences were observed in overall milk composition between seasons. However, protein content was significantly affected by season, which was reflected in protein composition. The contents of individual milk proteins in LBW milk during the winter months were significantly lower (p S1- and κ-Cn content in comparison with milk samples with weak acid-induced gelation properties. Further analysis of yoghurt produced from LBW milk showed that the production of yoghurt with strong physicochemical properties was possible even when the milk h...