Serum-to-urine renalase ratio and its differences between healthy adults and chronic kidney disease patients (original) (raw)
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Renalase in Haemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an inflammatory disease leading to kidney insufficiency and uremia. Renalase is a novel flavoprotein with enzymatic activities. Previous studies have shown that chronic kidney disease may influence renalase serum levels. Renalase metabolises catecholamines and therefore may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and other diseases of the circulatory system. In this study, we examined renalase levels in serum, erythrocytes and urine from haemodialysis CKD patients. The study enrolled 77 haemodialysis CKD patients and 30 healthy subjects with normal kidney function as the control group. Renalase serum and urine concentrations in CKD patients were significantly increased when compared with control subjects (185.5 ± 64.3 vs. 19.6 ± 5.0 ng/mL; p < 0.00001 and 207.1 ± 60.5 vs. 141.6 ± 41.3 ng/mL; p = 0.00040, respectively). In contrast, renalase levels in erythrocytes were significantly lower in CKD patients when compared with control subjects (...
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Objective: The objective of this research was to study the possible role of renalase in the controlling blood pressure (BP) in patients with different stages of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to decrease the incidents of cardiovascular disease in these patients.Methods: The serum levels of renalase were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) methods in 68 non-diabetic CKD patients in different stages (2–5). Fifty healthy control subjects were included in this study. Renalase high-sensitive C-reactive protein and Cystatin-C were measured by ELISA which is included first incubating the test serum in an antigen-coated polystyrene plate, then enzyme-labeled anti-immunoglobulin is added and the enzyme then remaining in plate after washing provides a measure of the amount of specific antibody in the serum, and in the final step, a substance is added that the enzyme can convert to some detectable signal, most commonly a color change in a chemical substrate.Results: There...
Nefrología, 2017
Background: Renalase, with possible monoamine oxidase activity, is implicated in degradation of catecholamines; which suggests novel mechanisms of cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney diseases. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been found to correlate with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in dialysis patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of serum renalase levels with EAT thickness and other CVD risk factors in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: The study included 40 PD patients and 40 healthy controls. All subjects underwent blood pressure and anthropometric measurements. Serum renalase was assessed by using a commercially available assay. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure EAT thickness and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in all subjects. Results: The median serum renalase level was significantly higher in the PD patients than in the control group [176.5 (100-278.3) vs 122 (53.3-170.0) ng/ml] (p = 0.001). Renalase was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (r = 0.705, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with RRF (r = −0.511, p = 0.021). No correlation was observed between renalase and EAT thickness or LVMI. There was a strong correlation between EAT thickness and LVMI in both the PD patients and the controls (r = 0.848, p < 0.001 and r = 0.640, p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions: This study indicates that renalase is associated with CRP and residual renal function but not with EAT thickness as CVD risk factors in PD patients.
Life, 2021
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), and mortality since the earlier stages. Therefore, it is critical to identify the link between CKD and cardiovascular risk (CVR) through early and reliable biomarkers. Acknowledging that CKD and CKD progression are associated with increased sympathetic tone, which is implicated in CVR, and that renalase metabolizes catecholamines, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between renalase serum levels (RNLS) and cardiovascular and renal outcomes. The study included 40 pre-dialysis CKD patients (19F:21M) with median age of 61 (IQ 45–66) years. At baseline, we measured RNLS as well as routine biomarkers of renal and cardiovascular risk. A prospective analysis was performed to determine whether RNLS are associated with CKD progression, MACCEs, hospitalizations and all-cause mortality. At baseline, the median level of RNLS and median estimated glomerular filtration rate...
Evaluation of Serum Lipase Level in Non Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2019
Background: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive loss in renal function over period of many months or years. There is decline in nephron function and number generally quantitated as reduction in glomerular filtration rate. As the GFR declines there is accumulation of metabolic end products excreted by kidney. Serum lipase is mainly marker of pancreatic & hepatobiliary disease but its level is also high in chronic renal disorder. Lipase is filtered by glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed and metabolised by renal tubules, thus chronic kidney disease patient have elevated serum lipase level. Our study was aimed to find out the status of serum lipase in non diabetic chronic kidney disease subjects and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The present study is a case control study, conducted on 100 non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. Cases were selected from Urology and Medical ward of Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Ajmer. Age and sex matched healthy controls (n = 50) were selected from MOPD of Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Ajmer. The present study is approved by Institutional Ethical Committee. Results: The mean activity of serum lipase was significantly higher in non diabetic chronic kidney disease subjects compared to that in the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). 85 out of 100 non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients have higher serum lipase levels than normal (>70 U/L). Conclusion: Serum lipase level was found to be elevated in non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. The observations of this study has also revealed that 85 out of 100 non diabetic chronic kidney disease patients have higher serum lipase levels than normal (>70 U/L). Serum lipase as a diagnostic tool in recognizing acute pancreatitis leads to false positive results in chronic kidney disease patients. Serum lipase can be used as a biomarker for the early detection of chronic kidney disease in the general population to prevent the morbidity and mortality which are associated with chronic kidney diseases.
Study of serum urea in the patients of chronic renal failure
2014
The human body suffers from more than one famous and dangerous disease and may loss his life when he doesn’t get the treatment within suitable time. Chronic Renal Failure is one of the most spread diseases in the entire world and it is more dangerous and ranks 3rd amongst life threatening disease, after cancer and heart diseases. In this case the renal does not work properly and never do its function. The best treatment in this case is to do the process of hemodialysis. In this process, the blood will be refreshed and remove the waste and toxic materials from the body and at the same time returned the level of some biochemical element to its normal value. The present paper includes the study of serum urea of 200 patients (according to age group and sex) with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after the process of treatment and it has been compared with 50 normal healthy individuals comprising the control group.
Increased serum renalase in hemodialysis patients: is it related to left ventricular hypertrophy?
Renal Failure, 2016
Introduction: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the most common cardiac abnormalities in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Hypertension, diabetes, increased body mass index, gender, age, anemia, and hyperparathyroidism have been described as risk factors for LVH in patients on dialysis. However, there may be other risk factors which have not been described yet. Recent studies show that renalase is associated with cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to reveal the relation between renalase, LVH in patients under hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Methods: The study included 50 HD patients and 35 healthy controls. Serum renalase levels and left ventricle mass index (LVMI) were measured in all participants and the relation between these variables was examined. Findings: LVMI was positively correlated with dialysis vintage and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r ¼ 0.387, p ¼ 0.005 and r ¼ 0.597, p < 0.001, respectively) and was negatively correlated with residual diuresis and hemoglobin levels (r ¼ À0.324, p ¼ 0.022 and r ¼ À0.499, p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant association of renalase with LVMI in the HD patients (r ¼ 0.263, p ¼ 0.065). Serum renalase levels were significantly higher in HD patients (212 ± 127 ng/mL) compared to controls (116 ± 67 ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Renalase was positively correlated with serum creatinine and dialysis vintage (r ¼ 0.677, p < 0.001 and r ¼ 0.625, p < 0.001, respectively). Discussion: In our study, LVMI was correlated with dialysis vintage, residual diuresis, CRP, and hemoglobin. LVMI tends to correlate with renalase and this correlation may be significant in studies with more patient numbers. The main parameters affecting renalase levels are dialysis vintage and serum creatinine.
The Biochemical Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
2013
Chronic kidney disease-CKD is a major public health problem and cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Pakistani population, the prevalence of CKD is unexpectedly high therefore not unexpected since incidence of hypertension and diabetes in Pakistani population is one of the highest in the world. CKD is defined as impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or elevated albumin excretion in the urine, and has been recognized as an important risk factor contributing to cardiovascular disease and death. The most common risk factors for CKD includes; diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and most important older age, but the clinical implications still remain uncertain in elderly persons suffering from CKD. The present study aims to evaluate the biochemical profile in the patients with chronic kidney disease as compared to the healthy controls. Analysis of lipid profile (Cholesterol, Total Lipid, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Triglycerides), renal profile (Urea, Creatinine, BUN and Ur...
Biomolecules
Background: Renalase is an enzyme and a cytokine involved in cell survival. Since its discovery, associations between it and both cardiovascular and kidney disease have been noted. Recognizing this, we conducted a study in which we followed patients with chronic kidney disease. Material and methods: The study involved 90 CKD patients with varying stages of the disease and 30 healthy controls. Renalase was measured with an ELISA kit, and patients were followed-up after a median of 18 months. During the follow-up, we asked about the occurrence of MACE, all-cause mortality and the need for dialysis initiation. Results: In CKD subgroups, RNSL correlated with all-cause death only in the HD group (Rs = 0.49, p < 0.01). In the whole CKD population, we found a positive correlation of RNSL concentration and both MACE occurrence (Rs = 0.38, p < 0.001) and all-cause death (Rs = 0.34, p < 0.005). There was a significant increase in MACE occurrence probability in patients with elevated ...