Supercritical fluid extraction of peach (Prunus persica) seed oil using carbon dioxide and ethanol (original) (raw)
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Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2009
Peach almonds contain oil with important therapeutic and nutritional properties due to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, high content of oleic acid and other substances. In this study, peach almond oil was obtained by means of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), with yield up to 24% w/w. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the operation variables in the process kinetics in order to define scale-up parameters, like extractor volume and solvent flow rate. In spite of the importance for industrial application, the definition of a scale-up methodology is difficult. Therefore, the main goal of this work was to study the kinetic aspects of the SFE by modeling the extraction curves and, with these results, suggests a scale-up methodology. The parameters evaluated were extraction pressure, CO 2 flow rate and particle size. The mass transfer models used to describe the extraction curves were logistic model, diffusion model and Sovová model. Four scale-up methodologies, based on mass transfer mechanisms, were applied. The results indicate the best curve fitting by means of Sovová's model, while the best scale-up criterion was maintaining the ratio Q CO 2 /M (solvent flow rate/raw material mass) constant. This study also indicated the convection as the dominant mass transfer mechanism, while the diffusion was the limiting factor. Moreover, the SFE of peach almond oil could be predicted by the scale-up method used.
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2011
In this work the supercritical fluid extraction of grape seed oil in a semi-continuous unit has been modelled and discussed in detail. The model embodies the concept of broken plus intact cells, and assumes series mass transfer from intact to broken cells, and then to the fluid phase. The numerical solution has been accomplished by the method of lines using finite differences with upwind flow correction. Experimental extraction curves for both untreated seed and enzymatically pre-treated seed have been modelled in order to evaluate the performance of the model in terms of correlation capability and physical meaning of the parameters. The extraction curves for untreated and treated seed have been accurately represented with average deviations between 2.30 and 7.25%. The model parameters that are intimately related with the internal structure of the seed are the grinding efficiency (or fraction of broken cells) and the internal mass transfer coefficient. Both parameters have been optimised and attained physically sound values, in view of the fact they increased after the enzymatic pre-treatment, and obeyed simple restrictions imposed. The model has been able to generate coherent concentration profiles in the bed and elution curves as well.
Grape seed oil supercritical extraction kinetic and solubility data: Critical approach and modeling
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2007
This paper focuses on supercritical CO 2 extraction of grape seed oil which has been analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. Extractions on crushed seeds at pressures varying in the range 280-550 bar and at a fixed temperature of 313 K were performed. From the initial linear portion of the experimental curves oil solubility data in the supercritical solvent have been obtained. By modeling the complete curves, the transport parameters regulating the oil mass transfer inside the seed particles have been calculated: the internal transport coefficient and the effective diffusivity.
Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2008
Supercritical CO 2 extraction of macadamia nut oil was carried out in a flow apparatus at the following operational conditions: pressures of 10, 15 and 18 MPa; and temperatures of 313 and 353K; a volumetric flow of 1.64 x 10 -7 m 3 .s -1 was used for one hour in each experiment. The efficiency of the extraction process showed to be low. The behaviors of the extraction curves were very similar at all temperatures and the best efficiency value was obtained at 10 MPa. Chromatographic analysis demonstrated the ability of supercritical CO 2 to remove some of the main components of the oil: myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) acids, and that higher pressures favoured the removal of lighter components. The extraction process was represented by a simple model based on Langmuir Isotherm, showing a good data fitting.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Kinetics of Cherry Seed Oil: Kinetics Modeling and ANN Optimization
Foods, 2021
This study was primarily focused on the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of cherry seed oil and the optimization of the process using sequential extraction kinetics modeling and artificial neural networks (ANN). The SFE study was organized according to Box-Behnken design of experiment, with additional runs. Pressure, temperature and flow rate were chosen as independent variables. Five well known empirical kinetic models and three mass-transfer kinetics models based on the Sovová’s solution of SFE equations were successfully applied for kinetics modeling. The developed mass-transfer models exhibited better fit of experimental data, according to the calculated statistical tests (R2, SSE and AARD). The initial slope of the SFE curve was evaluated as an output variable in the ANN optimization. The obtained results suggested that it is advisable to lead SFE process at an increased pressure and CO2 flow rate with lower temperature and particle size values to reach a maximal initial sl...
Extraction kinetics modeling of amaranth seed oil supercritical fluid extraction
Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture
Amaranth seeds contain oil with important nutritional properties, in particular, because of the presence of essential fatty acids, high content of minerals, vitamins, lysine and squalene. In this study, the kinetics of the supercritical fluid extraction of oil from three amaranth seed varieties has been investigated. The average oil content in amaranth seed was 58.2 g/kg, ranging from 54.6 to 61.1 g/kg depends on varieties, while squalene content ranged from 3.3 to 3.8 g/kg with an average content of 3.5 g/kg dry seed. Five empirical kinetic equations were successfully applied for kinetic modeling of extraction. As indicated by the appropriate statistical "goodness of fit" tests (such as the sum of squared errors, the coefficient of determination and the average absolute relative deviation), empirical models show good agreement with experimental data. The mathematical modeling of a process is beneficial to predict the process conduct and furthermore extend the procedures f...
2015
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of vegetable oils is an alternative method to organic solvent (namely hexane) and mechanical extraction. To exploit the SFE technology at industrial scale, the process has to be optimized. An effective way to perform optimization is to resort to models that are capable to describe and simulate the SFE process. Plenty of models are available in the literature concerning the SFE of vegetable oils. Modeling the process in a semi-continuous extraction column (the bed of matrix to be extracted is stationary, the supercritical fluid moves continuously through it) requires an equipment model, the column model, and a particle model accounting for mass transfer mechanisms. Column models are quite established. Thus, to achieve a satisfactory description of the process, having a very effective particle model seems the key-point. In this work the SFE kinetics of seed oil (namely: grape seed oil) was modeled using different particle models: the broken and int...