Heavy metals assessment in Oum Er Rbia bassin using WD-XRF and ICP-AES (original) (raw)
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Contamination Assessment by Heavy Metals of the Ykem River Sediments (Coastal Meseta, Morocco)
International Journal of Environmental Science and Development
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of pollution of Wadi Ykem through a geochemical study allowing highlighting the physicochemical characteristics as well, the evaluation and the distribution of the heavy metal contents in the sediments. For the environmental assessment of its sediments, a study was carried out to determine the concentrations of major elements and trace elements (Cd, Cr, Al, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni) during two different hydrological seasons: in summer (June 2017) and in winter (April 2018). In the two campaigns 20 sediment samples were collected in 10 sampling sites. The various sampling sites were distributed upstream and downstream of the Ykem river. These metals were analyzed at CNESTEN using the ICP MS technique. The geo-accumulation index, the Enrichment Factor (EF) and the Pollution Load Index (PLI) were used for the assessment of metallic contamination of the sediments. The results of this study show a homogeneous distribution of the content...
The Open Environmental Pollution & Toxicology Journal, 2012
A new simple and low-cost digestion method for sediment samples was studied and optimized. It was based on the acid digestions of samples into low-pressure PTFE bombs and heating in a simple convection-based oven, as an alternative to available standard methods based on high-pressure bombs and microwave ovens. Although there is no doubt about the benefits of microwave-based methodologies, there is still a problem related with the high cost of the equipment required, making difficult its practical application in some developing countries. The proposed methodology was optimized by using three certified reference materials (CRMs): marine sediment (GBW07313), estuarine sediment (SRM1646a) and river sediment (CRM320), which were digested separately by the two studied methods. Metal concentrations in the digested extracts were analyzed and compared. Average metals recoveries obtained with the new method ranged from 61 % (Al) to 100 % (Cd, Co, Pb), and, in general, significant differences between the two methodologies were not observed. The new digestion method was applied to the simultaneous determination of up to ten heavy metals in marine sediments from the Northern Moroccan coastline, in the Mediterranean province of Tetouan and Chefchaouen. The results obtained ranged from 1.26-3.32 % for Al, 16.2-20.7 mg/kg for Co, 49.7-72.7 mg/kg for Cr, 20.2-32.3 mg/kg for Cu, 2.98-3.92 % for Fe, 184-394 for Mn, 34.5-44.3 mg/kg for Ni, 36.0-49.7 mg/kg for Pb, 0.46-0.55 % for Ti, and 67.5-83.6 mg/kg for Zn. A statistical data analysis was performed in order to determine the sources of heavy metals in this area. Relatively high concentrations of Cr, Ni and Pb were measured in all the sampling sites, although their anthropogenic origin could not be established. In addition, Cu and organic matter were enriched in sediments close to agricultural areas.
Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2022
In order to evaluate the degree of sediment contamination by metallic trace elements in the watershed of Oued Inaouene (North-East of Morocco), samples of surface sediments were taken along the river and at the level of the Idriss 1 st dam. The objective was to obtain thorough knowledge of the environment (metallic element content, organic matter content, granulometry, and pH, EC, CaCO 3 content) in order to identify the degree of pollution in these sediments. The results of analysis have highlighted a contamination accentuated by Ba, Sr, P, Cu, Pb, In fact, this element is present at very high levels, with a maximum content ppm for the samples taken upstream of Oued Inaouene. This increase is related to the physicochemical conditions of the environment, despite the diversity of sources of pollutants. The analysis of hazardous heavy metals showed the values under the detection limits. The qualitative study allowed to identifying the source of contamination, it is an anthropogenic source related to the discharges of cities in vicinity of Oued Inaouene, and natural considered as the main source of pollution by trace elements of sediments that constitute an important reserve of pollutants in the environment
Study of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of the Main Wadis in the Region of Meknes-Morocco
American Journal of Geoscience, 2014
Because of their growing demographic and industrial expansion, the urban areas of the city of Meknes are likely to disturb the ecological balance of watercourse. In the present work, we had evaluate the degree of sediment's contamination by heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in the main wadis of the Meknes region (Boufekrane, Wislane and Toulal) which are tributaries of the oued R'doom. These heavy metals were assayed by ICP, after the sediment mineralization by aqua regia. Reference concentrations were determined by the method of coring. In parallel to this and for the characterization of the studied sediments, we also determined the physico-chemical parameters: Carbonates, organic matter, pH and granulometry. The analysis of the whole data collected by a multivariate statistical method (factorial correspondence analysis) allowed us to distinguish five groups of heavy metals.
Monitoring of heavy metals in the sediments of the Inaouene River, Morocco
blackmeditjournal.org
The watercourse of the Inaouène River carries all the solid waste disposals from the urban areas (City of Taza, Bab marzouka, oued Amlil, Bouhlou). It also receives wastewater which is not treated at the sources. This wastewater contains various types of heavy metals. The study of heavy metal contents in the sediments was carried out at 11 sampling sites alongside the Inaouène River and some of its principal tributaries in May 2008 and October 2009. The results can be classified into three series: the series 1: including the metals (Fe, Sr, Mn, Zn, Rb, Pb) detected on all the sampled sites, the series 2: including the metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, As, Co, Pt, Sn) detected only some sites, the series 3: including hazardous metals (Ag, Cd, Hg) which were under the limit of detection. The correlation analyses of heavy metal contents of two study periods indicated that a large part of examined heavy metals had common sources and behaved similarly during the transportation.
Assessment of Heavy Metal in Surface Sediments of Day River at Beni-Mellal Region, Morocco
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 4(8): 797-806, 2012
The Day River receives domestic and industrial untreated wastewaters from Beni-Mellal city and surrounding villages during the last decades. The present study was to obtain a preliminary assessment about the level and distribution of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe) in its surface sediment collected from 13 stations. The metal concentrations (in mg/kg) ranged: Cd, 0.6-6.27; Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn,; and Fe, 15670-36010. Significant spatial variation in concentrations was observed for all metals. Correlation analyses showed that metal content of sediment was controlled by organic matter and Fe contents. Pollution status was evaluated using the enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index and pollution load index and sediment quality guidelines. Based on geoaccumulation index and enrichment factors, Day sediment was treated as unpolluted to moderately polluted with Zn, Fe, Cr and Cu and moderate to considerable with Pb and Cd. Pollution load index and sediment quality guidelines showed that the metal levels exceed local and regional background concentrations, indicating contamination is high enough to be of risk to human health and ecosystem.
Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Water and Sediments of Djendjen River, North Eastern Algeria
2018
Water and sediment samples have been collected from five different stations, located along Djendjen River between February and June, 2016 so that the concentrations of Cd, Ni, Zn, and Cu could be determined. The extent of the sediment pollution has been assessed, using the multiple pollution indices, namely Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo).The distribution of trace elements in water and sediment follows Ni>Zn>Cd>Cu and Zn>Ni>Cu>Cd, respectively. The water sample analysis from Djendjen River shows that the total concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn have been lower according to the references. In comparison, sediment mean metal concentrations with several environmental contamination parameters, like probable effect level (PEC) and background levels, indicates that the concentrations of all investigated elements are lesser than PEC, except for Ni, but higher than the background levels. The Igeo values reveal t...
Proceedings of 5th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences
Due to increasing anthropogenic activities, trace elements (TE) remain a major concern particularly in semi-arid countries of limited water resources. In this context, the present study aimed at understanding the geochemistry of trace elements in bottom sediments from the Sebou basin, representing 1/3 of the surface water resources of Morocco. Total concentrations of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and some physico-chemical parameters were measured in the fraction <63µm. The order of abundance of the elements was Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Co>As>Cd. The enrichment factor calculation showed that 70% of the samples were naturally concentrated in trace elements, specially As and Ni, as well as Cd and Pb, except in some stations. On the opposite, the most enriched elements were Cr, Zn and Cu. Chromium presented an enrichment higher than 5 and toxicity risks at some stations, such as downstream the Fez city known for its important tanneries activities. A multi-variate analysis of the datas evidenced the strong link between the identified natural elements (As, Co, Ni) with clays, Fe, Al oxides, whereas elements (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn) mainly originating anthropogenic activities (industrial and domestic wastes, agricultural inputs), were linked to phosphorus, to a lesser extent to particulate organic carbon.
This paper examines Wavelengths Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) as complementary techniques to analyse major and trace elements. A set of Geostandard samples were analyzed and statistical methods were applied to the results. In the second part of this paper, the concentrations of Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu Zn and Pb in sediments of two Moroccan rivers, Oum Er Rbia and Boufekrane, were determined. This study shows that the metal distribution in Oum Rbia sediments is homogeneous throughout the studied area. Whereas in Boufekrane sediments, enrichment was observed downstream (for Al, Cr, Fe, Ni) and inside the city of Meknes (for Cu, Zn and Pb). The Oum Er Rbia river sediments show significantly higher concentrations of Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn. These higher concentrations can be attributed to the geological fe atures of this river. The Boufekrane river sediments show higher Pb concentrations probably due to the pottery industry activities in the watershed.