Artificial Intelligence’s Role in the Healthcare System (original) (raw)
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The application of artificial intelligence: perceptions from healthcare professionals
Health and Technology, 2023
Purpose The main purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of healthcare executives on Artificial Intelligence (AI)'s future applications and the associated benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations. Methods A qualitative study was conducted with 21 healthcare professionals. The participants were interviewed to gather their perceptions of AI and its impact on digital healthcare. The analysis focused on identifying the current applications of AI in healthcare and understanding the participants' perspectives on its potential future applications. The study also aimed to identify the benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with AI implementation in healthcare. Results The study revealed that AI is currently being used in personalized medicine, drug discovery, telemedicine, clinical decision support, medical treatments, and surgery. The participants recognized several benefits of AI implementation, including improved access to healthcare, increased efficiency and productivity, cost savings, and improved diagnostic accuracy. The participants expressed optimism about the future of AI in healthcare, particularly in enhancing patient outcomes through patient monitoring, early prevention detection, and reduced medical errors. However, the study also identified challenges and ethical considerations, such as technical adaptation, loss of managerial control, data privacy, and accountability. Conclusions The findings of this study highlighted the valuable insights provided by healthcare executives regarding the current and future applications of AI in healthcare. The results emphasized the need for addressing regulatory barriers, enhancing data availability, mitigating bias, and ensuring transparency in AI systems. Despite the identified challenges, the study concluded that AI has a significant demand and potential in the healthcare industry for the future.
Artificial Intelligence: Power for Civilisation – and for Better Healthcare
Public Health Genomics, 2019
Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the world we live in, and it has the potential to transform struggling healthcare systems with new efficiencies, new therapies, new diagnostics, and new economies. Already, AI is having an impact on healthcare, and new prospects of far greater advances open up daily. This paper sets out how AI can bring new precision to care, with benefits for patients and for society as a whole. But it also sets out the conditions for realizing the potential: key issues are ensuring adequate access to data, an appropriate regulatory environment, action to sustain innovation in research institutes and industry big and small, promotion of take-up of innovation by the healthcare establishment, and resolution of a range of vital legal and ethical questions centred on safeguarding patients and their rights. For Europe to fulfil the conditions for success, it will have to find a new spirit of cooperation that can overcome the handicaps of the continent’s fragmente...
Conceptualising Artificial Intelligence as a Digital Healthcare Innovation: An Introductory Review
Medical Devices: Evidence and Research
Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely recognised as a transformative innovation and is already proving capable of outperforming human clinicians in the diagnosis of specific medical conditions, especially in image analysis within dermatology and radiology. These abilities are enhanced by the capacity of AI systems to learn from patient records, genomic information and real-time patient data. Uses of AI range from integrating with robotics to creating training material for clinicians. Whilst AI research is mounting, less attention has been paid to the practical implications on healthcare services and potential barriers to implementation. AI is recognised as a "Software as a Medical Device (SaMD)" and is increasingly becoming a topic of interest for regulators. Unless the introduction of AI is carefully considered and gradual, there are risks of automation bias, overdependence and long-term staffing problems. This is in addition to already well-documented generic risks associated with AI, such as data privacy, algorithmic biases and corrigibility. AI is able to potentiate innovations which preceded it, using Internet of Things, digitisation of patient records and genetic data as data sources. These synergies are important in both realising the potential of AI and utilising the potential of the data. As machine learning systems begin to cross-examine an array of databases, we must ensure that clinicians retain autonomy over the diagnostic process and understand the algorithmic processes generating diagnoses. This review uses established management literature to explore artificial intelligence as a digital healthcare innovation and highlight potential risks and opportunities.
The Significance of Digitalisation and Artificial Intelligence in The Healthcare Sector: A Review
Asian Journal of Pharmacy, Nursing and Medical Sciences
Nowadays, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning are among the most popular and applied topics in many scientific and life fields that serve humanity. This science seeks to impose itself strongly on the various activities and academic circles and information science. Artificial intelligence techniques have proven their worth to be important in many fields, especially in the medical fields, business administration, military applications, communications, and many others. In short, artificial intelligence is from another world that will be of great importance in the future. In this article, the importance of digitisation and artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector will be addressed, what services they provide to this sector, and how they contribute to the service of healthcare workers and patient satisfaction. This article concluded that artificial intelligence and digital technologies are of great importance in the healthcare sector and can never be disp...
Journal of Translational Medicine, 2020
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), with its seemingly limitless power, holds the promise to truly revolutionize patient healthcare. However, the discourse carried out in public does not always correlate with the actual impact. Thus, we aimed to obtain both an overview of how French health professionals perceive the arrival of AI in daily practice and the perception of the other actors involved in AI to have an overall understanding of this issue. Methods: Forty French stakeholders with diverse backgrounds were interviewed in Paris between October 2017 and June 2018 and their contributions analyzed using the grounded theory method (GTM). Results: The interviews showed that the various actors involved all see AI as a myth to be debunked. However, their views differed. French healthcare professionals, who are strategically placed in the adoption of AI tools, were focused on providing the best and safest care for their patients. Contrary to popular belief, they are not always seeing the use of these tools in their practice. For healthcare industrial partners, AI is a true breakthrough but legal difficulties to access individual health data could hamper its development. Institutional players are aware that they will have to play a significant role concerning the regulation of the use of these tools. From an external point of view, individuals without a conflict of interest have significant concerns about the sustainability of the balance between health, social justice, and freedom. Health researchers specialized in AI have a more pragmatic point of view and hope for a better transition from research to practice. Conclusion: Although some hyperbole has taken over the discourse on AI in healthcare, diverse opinions and points of view have emerged among French stakeholders. The development of AI tools in healthcare will be satisfactory for everyone only by initiating a collaborative effort between all those involved. It is thus time to also consider the opinion of patients and, together, address the remaining questions, such as that of responsibility.
The European artificial intelligence strategy: implications and challenges for digital health
The Lancet Digital Health, 2020
, the European Commission published a white paper on artificial intelligence (AI) as well as an accompanying communication and report. The paper sets out policy options to facilitate a secure and trustworthy development of AI and considers health to be one of its most important areas of application. We illustrate that the European Commission's approach, as applied to medical AI, presents some challenges that can be detrimental if not addressed. In particular, we discuss the issues of European values and European data, the update problem of AI systems, and the challenges of new trade-offs such as privacy, cybersecurity, accuracy, and intellectual property rights. We also outline what we view as the most important next steps in the Commission's iterative process. Although the European Commission has done good work in setting out a European approach for AI, we conclude that this approach will be more difficult to implement in health care. It will require careful balancing of core values, detailed consideration of nuances of health and AI technologies, and a keen eye on the political winds and global competition.
REVIEWED ARTICLE- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND HEALTH CARE
DR. Ram Kumar and DR. Anjna Agarwal, Govt. College of Nursing, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, (U.P.), & Rajasthan University, Jaipur (Raj.), INDIA, 2020
Artificial intelligence touches nearly every part of our day. The main functions of artificial intelligence areto create expert systems and to implement human intelligence in machines. Artificial intelligence has played a significant role in various fields such as gaming, natural language processing, expert systems, vision systems, speech recognition, hand writing recognition and intelligent robots. Artificial intelligence in healthcare can help cut costs of ongoing health operations and impact the quality of care for clients everywhere.AI can also improve client's outcomes by diagnosing diseases early. Artificial intelligence can be helpful in reducing human errors, increasing productivity, making faster decision-making processes, reducing cost of goods and services, excellent handling of repetitive and frequent tasks, excellent handling of low-level tasks, transformation in healthcare for betterment and improves security. Artificial intelligence can have certain disadvantages also such as loss of jobs, risk to humanity, possibility to be wrong, costly to develop, lack of original creativity, difficulty in handling highly intelligent tasks, lack of explanation and loss of skills etc. McCarthy has observed that today's nurses spend time doing low level tasks that can be performed by someone else with different skills. Nurses play an important role in every facet of patient care starting from the cost of health care to the overall patient's experience during hospital stay. Within this spectrum of responsibility lies the prospect for a number of different technologies to use the computing power of Artificial intelligence to assist with quality nursing care.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICAL PRACTICE: REGULATIVE ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES
The aim of the research is to identify specific of AI in healthcare, its nature, and specifics and to establish complexities of AI implementation in healthcare and to propose ways to eliminate them. Materials and methods: This study was conducted during June-October of 2020. Through a broad literature review, analysis of EU, USA regulation acts, scientific researches and opinions of progressive-minded people in this sphere this paper provide a guide to understanding the essence of AI in healthcare and specifics of its regulation. It is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic and comprehensive methods. Results: One of the first broad definitions of AI sounded like "Artificial Intelligence is the study of ideas which enable computers to do the things that make people seem intelligent ... The central goals of Artificial Intelligence are to make computers more useful and to understand the principles which make intelligence possible." There are two approaches to name this technology-"Artificial intelligence" and "Augmented Intelligence." We prefer to use a more common category of "Artificial intelligence" rather than "Augmented Intelligence" because the last one, from our point of view, leaves much space for "human supervision" meaning, and that will limit the sense of AI while it will undoubtedly develop in future. AI in current practice is interpreted in three forms, they are: AI as a simple electronic tool without any level of autonomy (like electronic assistant, "calculator"), AI as an entity with some level of autonomy, but under human control, and AI as an entity with broad autonomy, substituting human's activity wholly or partly, and we have to admit that the first one cannot be considered as AI at all in current conditions of science development. Description of AI often tends to operate with big technological products like DeepMind (by Google), Watson Health (by IBM), Healthcare's Edison (by General Electric), but in fact, a lot of smaller technologies also use AI in the healthcare field-smartphone applications, wearable health devices and other examples of the Internet of Things. At the current stage of development AI in medical practice is existing in three technical forms: software, hardware, and mixed forms using three main scientific-statistical approaches-flowchart method, database method, and decision-making method. All of them are useable, but they are differently suiting for AI implementation. The main issues of AI implementation in healthcare are connected with the nature of technology in itself, complexities of legal support in terms of safety and efficiency, privacy, ethical and liability concerns. Conclusion: The conducted analysis makes it possible to admit a number of pros and cons in the field of AI using in healthcare. Undoubtedly this is a promising area with a lot of gaps and grey zones to fill in. Furthermore, the main challenge is not on technology itself, which is rapidly growing, evolving, and uncovering new areas of its use, but rather on the legal framework that is clearly lacking appropriate regulations and some political, ethical, and financial transformations. Thus, the core questions regarding is this technology by its nature is suitable for healthcare at all? Is the current legislative framework looking appropriate to regulate AI in terms of safety, efficiency, premarket, and postmarked monitoring? How the model of liability with connection to AI technology using in healthcare should be constructed? How to ensure privacy without the restriction of AI technology use? Should intellectual privacy rights prevail over public health concerns? Many questions to address in order to move in line with technology development and to get the benefits of its practical implementation.