Azikheli buffalo productive performance under traditional management system in Swat Pakistan (original) (raw)
Related papers
2017
With the aim of determining effect of parity on different traits related to lactational efficiency, Kalika Municipality, Padampur of Chitwan District was purposively selected and field assessment was conducted from April to August, 2017. Primary data were collected through direct interview with 37 buffalo rearing farmers using closed ended semi-structured questionnaire. Various traits related to lactational efficiency including colostrum period, days to reach peak milk yield, lactation length and dry period were taken under consideration. One way analysis of variance was performed to assess the effect of parity on the traits considered using GenStat4. Findings of present study revealed that overall mean of colostrum period, days to reach peak milk yield, lactation length and dry period were 5.2±1.8 days, 23.3±8.8 days, 344.0±102.0 days, 110.9±61.4 days, respectively which were obtained with ranges 2-11 days, 10-45 days, 90-600 days, and 30-300 days, respectively. Meanwhile, parity h...
Milk yield and season of calving in buffaloes and cattle in Pakistan
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010
Seasonality of calving and its association with milk yield was analyzed in Nili-Ravi buffaloes and compared with Sahiwal cattle and Sahiwal (x Friesian or Jersey) crossbreds. Records of 9,174 lactations of Nili-Ravi buffaloes from four institutional herds, 22,499 lactations from five Sahiwal herds and 656 lactations from a crossbred cattle herd were used for comparison. All the herds were located in Punjab province of Pakistan where environment is tropical. Month of calving was important source of variation in lactation milk yield of Nili-Ravi buffaloes and Sahiwal cattle but not in crossbred cattle (due to wide variation). Interactions of month of calving with parity as well as with herd were significant (P<0.01) both for buffaloes and Sahiwal cattle. First parity lactation milk yield averaged 1813±23.2, 1305±11.0 and 2459±81.8 litres while averages of later parity animals were 1926±19.0, 1527±7.6 and 2842±54.2 litres for Nili-Ravi buffaloes, Sahiwal and crossbred cattle, respectively. Milk yield pattern in crossbreds was more similar to buffaloes than to Sahiwals. Yet, crossbreds calving in June produced statistically similar but numerically higher lactation milk yield (2950±170 litres) than other months but this was not true for buffaloes and Sahiwals. Buffaloes and Sahiwal cows calving in January-February produced better lactation yields than those calving in other months. Different pattern of milk yield in the three dairy species can be used advantageously for sustainable milk supply throughout the year.
Effect of Year, Season and Parity on Milk Production Traits in Murrah Buffaloes
Journal of Buffalo Science, 2012
The objective of this study was to find out the effects of year, season and parity on milk production traits i.e. total lactation milk yield (TLMY), 305 day milk yield (305d MY) and average fat percentage etc. in Murrah buffaloes under organized herd. Records of 515 Murrah buffaloes maintained at Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab (India) during the period of 2004-2008 were used. Average TLMY, 305d MY and fat percentage were recorded to be 2229.87± 93.7 kg, 2147.6 ± 87.06 kg and 7.12 ±0.11%. The TLMY was found to be significantly affected by season (P≤0.05) but not by year and parity. The highest milk yield was obtained in buffaloes calving in winter followed by rainy and summer. Milk yield of buffaloes in winter was significantly higher than that of animals in summer (P≤0.05). The TLMY increased over the years with highest milk yield in the year 2006 (2345.1±99.32kg). Similar results were obtained for 305d MY, where only the season was found significant (P≤0.05). The average fat percentage was significantly (P≤0.05) affected by year and season. Milk fat percentage of buffaloes calved in winter was significantly (P≤0.05) higher than that of calved in summer. Similarly milk fat percentage varied significantly among the parities with no consistent increase over the advancement of the parities. In this study season was found to have a significant effect on 305MY and fat % but not on the total lactation milk yield.
Life Science Journal
The current research was conducted to elucidate the morphometric, productive and reproductive characteristics of Azikheli buffalo in the Swat Valley - home tract of the breed. Morphometric assessment of the breed indicated that the mean heart girth, body length and height at wither were 191.36±1.26 cm, 140.39±0.94 cm and 131.35±0.57 cm respectively in adult female. Male were comparatively narrow at heart girth (177.68±3.76 cm), but longer (147.89±2.60 cm) with a comparable height to female (130.01±1.08 cm). Mean daily milk production based on standard 305-day lactation period is 7.19±0.18 liters and the buffalo produces 7.30 to 9.58 liters per day during first 6 months of lactation with maximum production during 3rd month (9.58 liters). Buffalo attain pubertal age at 1147.93±13.05 days of age. The expression of heat signs within 90 days postpartum (50% buffaloes), 64% first service conception rate, 1.55±0.04 number of services per conception with a mean calving interval of 489.16±5....
Non - genetic factors affecting monthly test day milk yields in Murrah buffaloes
Buffalo Bulletin, 2020
The present investigation was carried out using data of first lactation monthly test day milk yields (MTDMY) of 191 Murrah buffaloes maintained at Govt. Livestock Farm (GLF), Hisar and Livestock Research Centre (LRC), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut over a period of 12 years (2003 to 2014). The data were classified according to season, period and age groups to study the effect of non- genetic factors. The mean of MTDMY increased from 4.625±0.145 kg on MTDMY11 to a peak yield of 10.636±0.214 kg MTDMY3 for first lactation. The season of calving had highly significant (P˂0.01) effect on first lactation MTDMY viz. TD1, TD2, TD3 and TD4 in first lactation. However, significant (P˂0.05) effect was found on MTDMY viz. TD5, TD6 and TD7, whereas non significant effect was observed on all remaining monthly test day milk yields. The effect of period of calving on monthly test day yields was highly significant (P˂0.01) on TD2, TD3 and TD7, while signifi...
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALOES IN PESHAWAR UNDER FARM CONDITIONS
A study was carried out to know the productive performance of buffaloes maintained at Livestock Farm of NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan. The data of buffalo herd was analyzed on the basis of daily, morning, evening and monthly milk yield as well as in different seasons of the year. The average highest and lowest milk production was found from 6-9 litres and 4-5 litres daily per buffalo. Morning yield was found slightly higher than evening during some months. The season on individual yearly basis did not show uniform pattern of highest yield trend but the comparative analysis on cumulative basis (including all seasons of all years) showed highest trend in summer (77.25 litres), followed by autumn (71.07 litres), spring (68.9 litres) and winter (63.72 litres). It was concluded from the present study that the milk production of buffaloes can be maintained at their maximum potential provided some good management practices are established at the farm e.g. deworming in regular intervals, feeding balanced ration and concentrates, ample quantity of drinking water and special care for seasonal requirement of the species both in terms of feeding and management.
Previously we have shown that poor reproductive performances of buffaloes are linked with poor breeding and other management practices in certain coastal areas in Bangladesh. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the parity as an important trait on productive and reproductive status of nondescript type buffaloes reared under subsistence farming conditions in selected coastal districts in Bangladesh. Data records for lactation length (LL), milk yield per day (MY/d), calving interval (CI) and dry period (DP) through a pre-tested questionnaire on 220 buffaloes were collected, analyzed and evaluated. Parity did not significantly affect milk yield per day (MY/d) and dry period (DP), but had a significant effect on lactation length (LL), and calving interval (CI). The lactation length (LL) was found significantly higher in the first parity (181±0.67 days) compared with that of the second and third parity (172±1.14 and 178±1.02 days, respectively). Furthermore, calving interval (CI) was significantly higher in first lactation (496±0.29 days). It is concluded that as the parity significantly correlates with calving interval (CI) and lactation length (LL) of buffaloes, the Buffalo's breeders/owners may consider the parity, calving interval (CI) and lactation length (LL) together with milk yield (MY/d) and dry period (DP) in management programs as important parameters for selecting breeding buffaloes which eventually may greatly contribute in farm productivity and profitability in the selected coastal areas.
Pakistan supports approximately 33.7 million buffaloes and Nili Ravi buffalo is the main dairy animal. Among physical characteristics, Body Condition Score (BCS) is very important and various reports indicate that it is under the genetic control to varying levels in different breeds. The present study was planned to score buffaloes on the basis of body condition and to estimate some genetic and non genetic factors affecting this trait and its genetic and phenotypic correlations with milk yield in Nili Ravi buffaloes. Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at 5 institutional herds and some private farms in Punjab were utilized in this study. A total of 437 milking buffaloes with 1180 records using a linear scale of 1-9 for BCS scoring of buffaloes following ICAR guidelines. Each animal was scored thrice in lactation with an interval of about 90 days. Least squares mean for BCS was found as 4.92±1.08 with a coefficient of variation 22.04 %. A highly significant effect of herd, stage of lactation and parity was observed on BCS. Significant linear and quadratic effect of age was seen on body condition score. Genetic parameters were estimated fitting Animal Model using ASREML program. A fairly moderate estimate of heritability (0.14±0.091) for BCS was observed in the present study. A negative phenotypic correlation of -0.156±0.35 with 305 days milk yield and -0.216±0.03 with score day milk yield was observed. Low genetic correlations (0.051±0.0001 and 0.117±0.017) of BCS with 305 days milk yield and score day milk yield were estimated. It is the first study and more investigations are needed before using BCS as selection criterion for milk yield in Nili Ravi buffaloes.
Buffaloes Production and Reproduction Efficiencies as Reviewed for Parity in Nepal
International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 2020
Buffalo rearing is major part of Nepalese agriculture and they are reared for milk, meat, draft power and manure. Buffaloes are the main source of milk production in Nepal producing about 65.3% of the total annual milk in the country. Different indigenous breeds such as Lime, Parkote and Gaddi as well as Indian Murrah and Nili Ravi are recorded in Nepal and they are raised in different management and production system. Different genetic and nongenetic factors cause variation in production and reproduction performance between these breeds and within these breeds also. Non genetic factors affecting the performance of these buffaloes are season of calving, parity, management practices, nutrition etc. In this paper, effect of parity on production traits such as colostrum period, lactation length, lactation yield and days to reach peak milk yield as well as reproduction traits such as calving interval, dry period and service period are reviewed. Thus, this paper after reviewing related articles from various journals, proceedings and magazines is aimed to evaluate the effect of parity on reproductive and production efficiency of buffaloes of Nepal. Though the performance of indigenous breed is generally considered low, there is high potential of these breeds under proper breeding and management programs.
Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2020
Background: The estimates of genetic parameters are useful in determining the appropriate method of selection that could further be implemented in the breed improvement programmes. The present study was, therefore, conducted to estimate the genetic parameters (heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations) for monthly test day (TD) milk yields, peak yield (PY) and first lactation 305 days milk yield (FL305DMY) in Murrah buffaloes.Methods: Paternal half-sib correlation method was carried out by least-squares maximum likelihood programme to estimate genetic parameters of first lactation 4,209 and 408 records of monthly test day milk yield and peak yield, respectively, of 408 Murrah buffaloes (sired by 62 bulls) calved in between 1993 and 2017 at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal.Result: Heritability of FL305DMY and peak yield was estimated as 0.35±0.17 and 0.33±0.16, respectively. Heritability estimates for mid-lactation monthly test day milk yields were found to be m...