Evaluation of leptin levels in gingival crevicular fluid and serum in periodontitis individuals and its correlation with serum lipid, anthropometric and periodontal parameters: A clinico-biochemical study (original) (raw)
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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, 2015
Background: TNF-α, an adipokine involved in systemic inflammation and a member of a group of cytokines that stimulate the acute phase reaction, has been related to the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α of periodontally healthy normal weight (NW) patients, NW patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), periodontally healthy obese patients and obese patients with CP. Material and Methods: Ninety-three patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study: 30 periodontally healthy NW patients; 18 NW patients with CP; 21 periodontally healthy obese patients; and 24 obese patients with CP. Analyses included clinical and anthropometric outcomes, as well as the assessment of serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay. One-Way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis One-Way on Ranks, Dunn's Test and multivariable logistic regression (MLR) analyses were conducted to estimate the degree of association between periodontitis and obesity. Results: Obese patients with CP showed significant more bleeding sites than the other three groups (p<0.05). Moreover, patients from the NWCP and OPH showed similar BOP percentages, as well as OPH group showed more bleeding sites than the NWPH group (p<0.05). The OPH group showed similar levels of adiponectin and leptin than the OCP group, but significantly higher than the NWPH and NWCP groups(p<0.05). MLR analyses showed that obesity was positively associated with the percentage of sites with bleeding on probing, with an odds ratio of 0.93 (95% confidence interval: -0.88, -0.98; p=0.012). Conclusions: The serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α were not influenced by CP. Obese patients showed almost 10% more sites with BoP. In chronic periodontitis patients, obese subjects presented significant more BOP sites than normal weight subjects.
International Journal of Experimental Dental Science, 2012
Background and objective: Plasma leptin is associated in patients with inflammatory diseases. A high concentration of leptin is associated with healthy gingival tissue. The purpose of this study was to assess the concentration of human leptin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum within healthy and diseased gingiva, further to explore the possibility of using the levels of leptin in GCF and serum as a biochemical marker of periodontal disease progression. Materials and methods: Ninety subjects were selected with age (30-39 years) and sex (15 males and 15 females) matched, to eliminate age and sex as confounders. The subjects were divided into three groups consisting of 30 subjects in each group based on the clinical and radiological parameters; healthy (group I), gingivitis (group II), periodontitis (group III), from whom the GCF samples were collected with Periopaper GCF collection strips (Proflow, Amityville, NY, USA) for 30 seconds and blood samples with 20-gauge needle syringe respectively. Leptin concentration was determined from individual GCF and serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The highest mean leptin concentration in GCF was observed in group I (2,664.30 pg/ml ± 324.73) and least mean leptin concentration was obtained in group III (1,309.43 pg/ml ± 202.45). The mean concentration of group II (1,639.43 pg/ml ± 344.46) was intermediate between the highest and lowest values. In contrast, the highest mean leptin concentration in serum was obtained for group III (12,086.57 pg/ml ± 1,698.23) and least mean leptin concentration was obtained for group I (8,715.09 pg/ml ± 1,649.19). The mean concentration of the group II (10,694.01 pg/ml ± 1,777.72) were intermediate between the highest and lowest values. Conclusion: The results indicated a statistically significant decrease in the GCF leptin concentration and increase in serum leptin concentration as the periodontal disease progressed.
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.12\_Issue.9\_Sep2022/IJHSR-Abstract32.html, 2022
Background and aim: Various biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and serum have been evaluated in patients with periodontitis. A Leptin concentration in serum of patients with chronic periodontitis has not been evaluated, for changes in relation to the effectiveness of periodontal therapy. So the aim of this in-vivo interventional study is to evaluate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in serum leptin levels in periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: 24 patients participated in the study. Clinical parameters like plaque index, gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, probing depth and clinical attachment levels were recorded. Serum leptin level was estimated pre and 1 month post periodontal therapy. Statistical analysis was done using student t-test. Results: All the samples from 24 patients showed positive leptin levels during assay procedure. The difference in levels of serum between healthy subjects and chronic periodontitis patients was statistically insignificant. Clinical parameters evaluation showed a significant improvement in the periodontal status after non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. Conclusion: It was found that serum leptin level can be used as a biomarker in evaluating the effectiveness of periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. Serum leptin levels were not severely altered in chronic periodontitis patients when compared to healthy subjects and were unable to determine the effectiveness of periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis patients. More interventional studies with higher sample size are required to ascertain the role of serum leptin in evaluating the periodontal health status.
Salivary and Serum Leptin Concentrations in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis
Journal of Periodontology, 2014
Leptin concentrations are altered in favour of pro health after periodontal therapy. Background. Leptin, a non-glycosylated peptide hormone, not only maintains fat stores, but is also an integral part of host defense repertoire. Leptin levels have been found to be altered in an array of inflammatory diseases including chronic periodontitis (CP), but the role of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in altering the leptin concentrations in saliva and serum of CP patients is yet to be ascertained. The aim of the present study is to quantify leptin levels in CP patients having normal body mass index (BMI) pre-therapy as compared to periodontally healthy controls and to address whether successful NSPT alters leptin concentration in serum and saliva. Materials and methods. Twenty-two saliva (modified draining method) and serum samples (by venipuncture) were collected from CP patients with normal BMI (n = 22), before and at 4 and 12 weeks after completion of NSPT, and periodontally healthy, age-and gender-matched controls (n = 22). Leptin levels were estimated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results. At baseline, CP patients had significantly different periodontal clinical parameters and the leptin concentrations in saliva of CP patients were found to be significantly lower than periodontally healthy volunteers (4710.10 ± 1133.21 vs 8721.10 ± 1019.58 pg/ml) (p < 0.05), whereas in serum the leptin concentrations were significantly higher than healthy controls (10749 ± 2062.24 vs 8085.00 ± 2859.68 pg/ml). Significant improvement in periodontal parameters, serum and salivary leptin levels were observed in CP patients at 4 and 12 weeks post-therapy (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Altered concentrations of leptin in serum and saliva are observed in CP patients which can be restored in favor of health after periodontal therapy.
Evaluation of Salivary Leptin Levels in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Advanced Periodontitis
2016
Objectives: Leptin is a hormone-like protein produced by the adipose tissue. It plays an important role in protection of host against inflammation and infection. Some studies have reported changes in leptin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and blood serum of patients with periodontal disease compared to healthy individuals. The aim of the present study was to compare the salivary leptin levels in patients with advanced periodontitis and healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, the salivary samples of healthy individuals and patients with advanced periodontitis with clinical attachment loss >5mm were obtained using a standardized method and the leptin levels were measured in the salivary samples by means of ELISA. The effects of the periodontal status and sex on the salivary leptin levels of both groups were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Results: The means ± standard deviation (SD) of salivary leptin levels in healthy ...
2012
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the local and circulating levels of adipocytokines (resistin, adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-a, and interleukin [IL]-6) in individuals who are obese and individuals who are normal weight (NW) with chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods: Periodontal and anthropometric examinations were performed. Based on these measurements, the individuals were divided into one of the following groups: NW nonperiodontitis (NP) (NWNP; n = 20); NWCP (n = 20); obese NP (ONP; n = 18); and obese CP (OCP; n = 20). The levels of adipocytokines were evaluated in the serum and gingival crevicular fluid of shallow and deep sites by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In serum, resistin levels were higher whereas adiponectin levels were lower in periodontitis than in NP groups (P <0.05). The NWNP group presented the lowest serum leptin levels (P <0.05). The ONP and OCP groups demonstrated higher TNF-a levels in periodontal sites than the NWNP and NWCP groups (P <0.05). Serum levels of IL-6 (P = 0.04) and leptin (P = 0.01) were correlated with the OCP group, with odds ratios of 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]:-0.01 to-0.00) and 0.99 (95% CI:-0.00 to-0.00), respectively. Conclusions: Periodontitis mainly influenced the circulating levels of resistin and adiponectin, whereas both obesity and periodontitis affected the circulating levels of leptin in favor of proinflammation. In addition, obesity upregulated the local levels of TNF-a.
Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry, 2015
Background: With the start of the current century, increased the interest in the role of the adipose tissue derived substances that named adipokines in the inflammatory diseases of the human being including the inflammatory periodontal disease, but scientific evidences were not clearly demonstrate the association between these adipokines and periodontal pathologies. Materials and Methods: Forty two subjects male only with normal body mass index were selected for the study with an age ranged (30-39 years). Samples were divided into three groups of 14 subjects in each group based on clinical periodontal parameters; clinically healthy gingiva (group I), gingivitis group (group II) and chronic periodontitis patients group (group III), from whom saliva and serum samples were collected for estimating the levels of leptin and resistin using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The results showed that the serum level of leptin and resistin were significantly higher in chronic periodontitis patient (9.81 ng/ml, 6.55 ng/ml) respectively as compared to gingivitis and healthy control groups (leptin; 8.10 ng/ml, ng/ml, resistin; 5.85 ng/ml, 5.45 ng/ml) respectively. On the other hand the level of leptin in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis (0.17 ng/ml) was significantly lower than that of its salivary levels in gingivitis and healthy control groups (0.21 ng/ml, 0.29 ng/ml) respectively. Whereas, salivary resistin levels was significantly higher in chronic periodontitis patient(14.45 ng/ml) when compared to the gingivitis group (11.59 ng/ml) and the health control group (6.43 ng/ml). Conclusions: Concomitant raise in serum leptin, serum resistin and salivary resistin, while a sensible reduction in salivary leptin with conversion from periodontal health state to periodontal disease state. These finding may draw a suggestion on the role of leptin and resistin in the relation between periodontal disease and the systemic health since the increase in their level were associated with a various systemic pathologies.
International Journal of Dentistry
Periodontitis and overweight or obesity independently change serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of this study is to investigate the alterations of serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and CRP after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in Thai patients with overweight or obesity (Owt/Ob) who did or did not exhibit severe periodontitis (SP) and normal weight (Nwt) patients with or without SP. Two hundred sixty patients were screened; 29 patients were included in this study. The study participants comprised 6 patients with Owt/Ob who exhibited SP, 11 patients with Owt/Ob who did not exhibit SP, 5 Nwt patients with SP, and 7 Nwt patients without SP. Periodontal disease status was evaluated; serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, and CRP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline, as well as at 3 and 6 months after NSPT. At 3 months after NSPT, periodontal status was improved in all groups ( p
Biochemistry of Serum and Saliva in Obese Individuals with Periodontitis: Case-control study
Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the alterations take place in many biochemical parameters in saliva and serum samples of the obese individuals with periodontitis. Materials and methods: This is a case–control study. Serum and saliva samples were collected from 66 subjects who attended dental department in Kirkuk Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk province, during the period February 2015 - January 2016. The subjects were divided into two groups: group A (n=33) included obese individuals with periodontitis, and group B (n=33) represented individuals having normal weight without periodontitis (control group). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-Square, and Pearson correlation statistical analysis. Results: In this study, analysis revealed a significant statistical increase in the concentration of salivary and serum Leptin, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Visfatin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), while Resistin concentration was found significantly decreased in group A compared with group B. A positive correlation was found between serum Leptin with serum IL-6, serum CRP, serum Resistin and serum Visfatin, also positive correlations were found between serum Visfatin with serum IL-6, CRP and serum Resistin. Moreover there was a positive correlation between salivary Leptin with salivary IL-6, and salivary Visfatin respectively. In addition, a positive correlation found between salivary Visfatin with salivary IL-6, salivary CRP and salivary Resistin. Furthermore there were positive correlation between salivary Leptin with serum Resistin and serum Visfatin. Conclusion: Obesity might play a destructive role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis through the increase salivary and serum Leptin, IL-6, Visfatin, and CRP with decreased Resistin levels.