Validation of the Persian version of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) among antenatal and postnatal women (original) (raw)
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Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, 2020
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a Persian-language perinatal anxiety screening tool in the Iranian population.Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 300 low-risk women who participated in the perinatal period. Pregnant women aged 18-42 years were randomly selected from comprehensive health centers in Ardabil, Iran and included in the study from 9.10.2017 to 6.3.2018, and finally, followed up as well. Several questionnaires were used in this study, including demographic, perinatal anxiety, perceived stress, and postpartum depression in Edinburgh. The forward-backward method was used to translate the English version of the tool into Persian. Eventually, the content and face validity were assessed and the reliability of the tool was evaluated using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.ResultsThe validation of the anxiety instrument showed that the content validity ratio (CVR) (0.6-0....
Validation of the Anxiety Scale for Pregnancy in a Sample of Iranian Women
2018
Objectives: Pregnancy-related anxiety is a risk factor for poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to validate the Farsi version of the Anxiety Scale for Pregnancy (ASP) in a sample of Iranian women. Materials and Methods: After translation and back-translation of the ASP, the content validity ratio (CVR) and the content validity index (CVI) of each item were calculated based on the opinions of a panel of 10 experts. Four hundred pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy completed the Farsi version of the ASP. For discriminant validity, we compared the ASP mean scores of women with low and high levels of childbirth fear. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to investigate construct validity of the scale. Results: No item had CVR and CVI scores less than 0.62 and 0.8, respectively. The results of the CFA for the ASP were unsatisfactory for the proposed 5-factor model (RMSEA = 0.087, SRMR = 0.092, chi-square/df = 4.03, CFI = 0.87, and GFI = 0.91). After removing item 9, satisfactory CFA results were obtained and the structural model fit was confirmed (RMSEA = 0.066 (CI [0.053, 0.078]), SRMR = 0.069, chi-square/df = 2.71, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.95). Cronbach αcoefficient for the 13-item ASP was 0.703. The scale showed moderate correlations with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ) scores (0.61, 0.59, and 0.57, respectively) and could differentiate well between women who preferred cesarean and those requesting vaginal delivery. Conclusion: The present study confirmed the content validity and construct validity of the Farsi version of the 13-item ASP for women in the third trimester of pregnancy
Validation of iranian version of pregnancy related anxiety questionnaire
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2017
Background: Pregnancy is an acute period in the lifetime of women, during which numerous excitatory physical and social changes occur. The purpose of this study is confirmatory factor analysis of Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) that is designed in Iranian pregnant women population. Methods: A total of 170 pregnant women in health centers of Kerman city were chosen through random sampling method and completed PRAQ questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). In this study, confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity are used to evaluate the validity of models; and to test-retest and Cronbach alpha were used for evaluating external and internal reliability in SPSS-19 and the AMOS software to evaluate reliability of models. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis gave an acceptable value for the latent PRAQ in the question scale and 5 micro-scale level. Furthermore, significant correlation between the components and the overall scale of the PRAQ questionnaire with the BAI confirmed concurrent validity of questionnaire. The reliability of questionnaire is confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient value of 0.78 that calculated 0.69-0.76 for the five-factors. A month later, reliability coefficient amplitude of test-retest on forty pregnant women was between 0.65 and 0.72 which shows the reliability of PRAQ over time. Conclusions: The short form of anxiety during pregnancy questionnaire has the essential psychometric properties. In this study, five-factors extracted in the PRAQ were adapted with the factors extracted from the original version. This study introduces an instrument that can be benefit in measuring anxiety and concerns of women during pregnancy.
Psychometric evaluation of the postpartum specific anxiety scale in an Iranian population (PSAS-IR)
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Background Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders among mothers during the postpartum period, which can lead to maternal and infant physical and psychological consequences. The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) predicts unique variance in postnatal outcomes over and above general anxiety tools. It has never been used in Iran and its validity and reliability have not been assessed either. Therefore, the present study aimed to translate and investigate the psychometric properties of the PSAS-IR. Methods 510 women, from six weeks to six months postpartum, were selected through random sampling in 2020. After forward and back-translation, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity of PSAS (through confirmatory factor analysis) were examined. The reliability of the scale was assessed using both internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test-retest stability methods. Results CVI and CVR values of the PSAS tool were 0.89 and 0.88, respectively...
The Translation of Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) into Arabic
Open Journal of Nursing, 2020
Background: early detection of perinatal anxiety using appropriate measures helps in reducing maternal and fetal complication. WHO guidelines for instrument translation and adaptation provide rigor and transparent method for Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) translation and expand the knowledge in diversity cultural contexts. Aim: to describe the process of cultural adaptation of the PASS into the Jordanian context based on the WHO framework for instrument translation and adaptation. Methods: PASS was completed by a convenience sample of 31 pregnant women. In which PASS went through WHO framework for instrument translation and adaptation process includes forward translation, expert panel, blind back translation, pre testing and cognitive interview, and the final version is ready for piloting. Some comments were added to three items by five expert panel, then the modified version was ready for piloting. Result: the internal consistency reliability of PASS was 0.869 and five experts who reviewed PASS confirmed the scale appropriateness and clarity after a slight modification to three items. Participants found PASS in general easy to complete but some of them found difficulties in understanding two items located in the Perfectionism, control and trauma subscale where they need an explanation of their meaning to answer them. Conclusion: using WHO guidelines for instruments translation considered a rigorous method and revealed that PASS is reliable and valid tool to be used within the Jordanian context to measure perinatal anxiety. However, the focus on explaining items 11 and 14 to participants is important due to difficulty in understanding their meaning.
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology
BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are common in women. This sensitivity extends into the perinatal period as well. Thus, screening for anxiety disorders during the aforementioned period is important for the proper management and treatment of conditions. This study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale, which was determined to be beneficial for the purposes listed above. METHOD: For this study, the "Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale" (PASS) was translated into Turkish and relabelled "Perinatal Anksiyete Tarama Ölçeği" (PASS-TR). 312 perinatal women were then evaluated with: the ICD 10 diagnosis system, SCID-1, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale, and PASS-TR. The resulting data was examined using Pearson Correlation analysis, Reliability tests, ROC analysis, and Factor analysis. The generated sub-dimensions were reexamined again by confirmatory factor analysis and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Root Mean Square Residual (RMR), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) χ 2 /sd, the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). RESULTS: In this assessment, Cronbach's Alpha value for the scale is = 0.95, and the subdimensions obtained by explanatory factor analysis are: (1) general anxiety and specific fear, (2) perfectionism and control, (3) social anxiety and adjustment disorder, (4) acute anxiety and trauma. The cutoff score for the scale is 16. As a result, it was determined that PASS-TR is an accurate method for the scanning of anxiety disorders in the perinatal period. CONCLUSION: PASS-TR can be validly and reliably used to scan for anxiety disorders amongst perinatal women.
Electronic physician, 2016
Biological, environmental, inter- and intrapersonal changes during the antenatal period can result in anxiety and stress in pregnant women. It is pivotal to identify potential stressors and prevent their foetal and maternal consequences. The present study was conducted to validate and examine the factor structure of the Farsi version of the Pregnancy Worries and Stress Questionnaire (PWSQ). In 2015, 502 Iranian healthy pregnant women, referred to selected hospitals in Tehran for prenatal care at 8-39 weeks of pregnancy, were recruited through a randomized cluster sampling. The PWSQ was translated into Farsi, and its validity and reliability were examined using exploratory factor analysis by SPSS version 21. The content validity of items on the PWSQ was between 0.63-1. The content validity index for relevance, clarity and simplicity were 0.92, 0.98, and 0.98, respectively, with a mean of 0.94. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.863. Test-retest reliability show...
iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 2020
Background: There are no proper tools for measuring pregnancy-specific stress in Iranian population. The aim of this study was psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of Revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (NuPDQ) for the first time in Iranian society. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-analytic study, 269 pregnant women completed the NUPDQ at Obstetrics clinics of Mazanderan Province, Iran. The reliability of the 12-item NuPDQ and 17-item NuPDQ was reevaluated using Cronbach's alpha and internal consistency. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Spielberger state-anxiety Inventory. Moreover, exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the structural factors of the questionnaire. Results: Factor analysis revealed that the 12-item NuPDQ consisted of four areas in the second trimester including medical and financial problem, physical symptoms, infant health, and parenting with the explained variance of 64.15%. The Persian version of 17-item NuPDQ consisted of 5 areas in the third trimester, including medical and financial problems, physical symptoms, infant health, parenting, and labor and delivery with an explained variance of 61.94%. In addition, interclass correlation coefficient in all 4 areas and overall scale score exceeded 0.90. Finally, the reliability was high based on Cronbach's alpha of 0.78 for 12-item NuPDQ and 0.79 for 17-item NuPDQ. Conclusions: The Persian version of 12-item NuPDQ in the second trimester and 17-item NuPDQ in the third trimester, as well as all the extracted subscales, had a good validity and reliability for assessing pregnancy-specific stress in Iranian society and can be used in clinical practice.
Pregnancy Anxiety and Associated Factors in Pregnant Women
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2021
Background: Pregnancy anxiety that threatens maternal mental health has a negative impact on pregnancy outcomes and can develop even in a healthy pregnant woman with no depression or anxiety problems. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate pregnancy anxiety and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 322 pregnant women who were registered at health centers from November 2018 to March 2018. A random sampling method was applied to select eight health centers in the city. Using the SIB system, 40 pregnant women were randomly selected in each center. Selected women who came to health centers to receive prenatal care filled out the revised version of the Farsi anxiety scale for pregnancy (F-ASP-R). Inclusion criteria were, having the ability to read and lack of psychological disorders requiring treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 and student t-test, analysis of varian...
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of delivery fear scale (DFS) in Iran
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2021
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of delivery fear scale (DFS) among Iranian women population. Methods This is a methodological study that was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of DFS. Convenience sampling was used to select 200 pregnant women from the maternity ward of Razi Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. In the first step, the scale was translated into Persian using backward-forward translation method. Afterwards, the following types of validity were examined: face validity based on impact score, construct validity based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and concurrent validity. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the correlation of DFS with pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire (PRAQ), Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire (CAQ), Spielberger’s state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), and the short form of Lowe’s childbirth self-efficacy inventory. Reliability of DFS was assessed by de...