Work, Satisficing and Agency (original) (raw)
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Satisficing and structured individuation: A study of women workers in Calcutta's IT sector
2010
It was initially believed that the rapid growth of the Information Technology (IT) industry in India would generate less exploitative avenues of employment for women. Further, economic empowerment would strengthen the bargaining power of women within the household and improve her self-esteem. However, recent studies argue that the IT sector has been unable to isolate itself from the social context, so that the organizational process continues to be shaped by the conflicting and asymmetrical gender relationships that prevail in Indian society. This leads to the imposition of a dual burden (of work and home commitments) on working women. Based on a survey of women workers in Calcutta's IT sector, this paper agues that contextual developments have weakened the patriarchal foundations of the family. This has allowed women workers to break out of a passive mould and attempt to carve out their individual destinies. However, organizational constraints and the family structure impose structural constraints on their agency, so that women workers have to adapt their aspirations to contextual realities. Decision-making of working women may, in this emerging situation, be conceptualized in terms of Simon's satisficing model.
Performance of Women in the age of Information Technology: A Snap Short in Indian Working Society
IJR (International Journal of Research), 2017
The emergence of Information Technology (IT) sector in mid 1990’s has unveiled a potential employment opportunity for women in this organized sector congenially befitting their job environment and offering, in principle, least gender discrimination. Economic growth and technological advancement in India in the current decade is very impressive. Technology, market and development are considered gender – neutral. In returns of Indian context, the concern over work life balance is gradually becoming a common talk. Being a woman she has to play two roles first is the personal life that means home making and second is the professional life that means from where she earns money for her family to lead life at ease. Each role has its own demand and responsibility. They have to create a balance between these two roles. When such role demands overlap, multiple problems are faced leading to losses for all concerned; the individual, the family, the organization and the society. Professionally, women in it industry have contributed much to the well being of society. They deserve better recognition, remuneration and work conditions. Information Technology (IT) sector, through its employment, contributes substantially to women empowerment. Its employment potentiality provides inspiration to female students to take up technical and professional courses with an eye to the job market. Most reviews reveal that, notwithstanding overall satisfactory gender neutral pursuit by this sector, an optimal level of gender inclusivity is still to be achieved, especially to the senior level. Moreover, this sector requires to be extra – careful in doing away with the prevailing maladies such as ‘Feminization’, ‘Glass ceiling’ etc. The theoretical aspect of individualization in the workplace is palpable but at the societal level, patriarchal strategies dominate on the Indian psyche. The reflection of this paper is arrived at, on the basis of, the inputs drawn from different literatures of secondary sources. Women are the new paradigms of today’s culture beginning from home to working sector. Women work in three criteria. Women are taking active participation in management, local governance and political fields. Women trend in working sector has changed with globalization. Women are involved in SNA activities. A survey has also been conducted about the nature of women work behaviour. A significant part of women are unpaid because they are socially un-recognized. Women work is rendered invisible because of social perceptions. Women are the resource of our country in every field. Women have shifted traditional assumptions about their roles and capabilities. Women have basic rights about decision making. There are facts and figures about women participating in different roles. In this era women have made comprehensive steps in educational attainment and workforce participation. Women participation in work is one of the proxy indicators of women in overall status in society and gender empowerment. Women are managing complex interfaces between domestic and work culture. This is the very power of women in this 21st century. This paper attempts to analyze the issues of problems, opportunities, challenges and constraints the women employees face in the Information Technology (IT) sector in India.
No . 135 Women , Work and Insecurities in India
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This paper empirically examines the insecurities faced by poor women in a developing country, India while they try to cope with the dual responsibilities of productive and reproductive work. The poor women in developing countries are burdened with the dual responsibility of taking care of housework and the need to supplement household income to meet the subsistence needs. The ongoing flexibalisation process world over has no doubt created new jobs, most of them informal, but they lie beyond the reach of labour legislation and social protection and are characterized by low incomes and high levels of insecurity. In such a context, this paper argues for a need to address the economic needs of the women and a need to reform the social security system to recognise the value of women's labour at home.
Trends in Women's Employment in India
Why lose all these abilities because of a belief that „a woman‟s place is in the home‟. For some it is, for others, not” “If (Women) are capable …. I do not see why they should give up their position to man…..The old theory that a woman‟s place is in the home no longer exists. Those days are gone for-ever
2019
Women’s work has undergone an evolutionary process over long years of history and examined under different feminist framework. Especially, there have been sea changes in the women’s work paradigm since the 1990s. The globalisation with the opening of economies, technological progress and improvement in communications facilities has made perceptible impact women’s pattern of work, particularly in the South Asian countries. Their pattern of work in the Indian labour market also has also changed over the years. Women’s employment has shifted from farm to non-farm sectors—modern services or industries—in the past two–three decades. In particular, women’s participation in regular paid non-farm modern services and industry such as information and communication technology, electronics and domestic workers in urban areas have increased significantly. Women’s participation in Indian labour market has shown a declining trend in the recent decade at overall level with the existing traditional ...
Women's are the assets of India and they have contributed in almost every field and made nation feel proud at every event. Women have been victorious in breaking their confinement within the confines of their homes by entering into varied types of specializations and services, women entrepreneurs have established to be on par with their men counterparts in business insight and are rising as smart and active entrepreneurs. Women, irrespective of their category, social group and educational grade, are not safe in the modern civilization .There are several causes of sexual as well as moral exploitation, which are very frequently highlighted by the media in Indian modern culture, and a lot of those remain unexplored. Women are facing troubles in every area of life whether employment, access to health care or property rights. The paper has attempted to find out the challenges and problems faced by women managers in modern society.
Indian Women in Technology: An Empirical Analysis of Role Conflict
Malaysian Management Journal
An important issue that our society has been facing in the recent past is the changing work and family roles of Indian women. Woman, today, function within multiple roles simultaneously operating in both work and family domains as a mother, spouse, housekeeper, as well as maintaining full-time employment outside the home. The relationship between these dual roles has thus become a topic of interest among organizational researchers. This study deals with selected antecedents and their influence on the role conflict among Indian women in technology. A sample size of 598 Indian women in technology was taken for the study and the result shows the occurrence of work-family conflict. Three predominant factors that influence the work-family conflict time-dimension are work exhaustion, work thought interference and perceived workload in the order of merit.