Literature review of lower temperature asphalt systems (original) (raw)
Related papers
Successful demonstration of lower temperature asphalt on the UK strategic road network
Proceedings of 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 2016
Lower temperature asphalts (LTAs) have been identified as a way of reducing both the energy required to produce and lay asphalt materials and the nuisance of fumes for workers. The use of LTAs has not yet reached its full potential in the United Kingdom. To encourage uptake in appropriate applications and inform the national specifications, a project was undertaken to demonstrate use of a LTA on the strategic road network. The project was realised as a result of successful collaboration between the national road authority, industry and a research organisation. A site with sections of LTA surface and binder course mixtures produced using an 'injection foaming' technology was laid and monitored for initial properties. Sections of conventional hot mix materials were also laid and monitored to enable direct comparison. Visual inspection, temperature measurement and thermographic imaging were undertaken at regular intervals throughout construction. Physical properties of the materials used were established through laboratory testing of samples taken at site and the carbon footprint of construction was evaluated. Overall, the demonstration proved that effective application of an LTA technology could be achieved but also yielded some important practical messages for the future application of LTAs.
Warm Mix Asphalt Technology: A Review
Jurnal Teknologi, 2014
Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) represents the technologies that allow the reducing of asphalt binders' mixing and compaction temperatures by reducing its binders' viscosity. This paper gives a comprehensive chronological review from prior researches and practical experienced among researchers and industrial practitioners while implementing WMA technology including constituent materials, mix design and mechanical performance issues. Within this, the problems and benefits as well as different types of WMA additives were clearly identified as essential for a better understanding of the application of WMA technology in pavement constructions.
The Challenges of Warm Mix Asphalt as a Mature Technology
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020
Laboratory tests and field investigations show promising results of structural performance of warm mix asphalt (WMA). Also, the lower environmental burdens and fuel requirement in WMA production increase sustainability in the asphalt industry. However, there are challenges that significantly affect WMA performance and marketing in the future. In this paper, all these challenges are discussed, and the trend of WMA technology is evaluated. The statistics indicate that the energy market plays a pivotal role in enthusiasm for WMA. Lastly, WMA requires further investigations to meet requirements of post-modern pavement, as a new concept of pavement design in the 21st century.
A Review Paper on Warm MIX Asphalt Technologies
The objective of the study is to find out the various advantages of Warm Mix Asphalt Technology (WMA) ascompared with the Hot Mix Asphalt Technology (HMA) with the help of different research Papers Published in National and International Journals. From our research we have come to the conclusion that Warm Mix Asphalt Technology can be better option as compared to the HMA Technology in term of its environmental benefits and other properties. With the use of WMA Technology we can achieve desired bitumen viscosity at 20-30 • C less temperature as compared to HMA. WMA has better performance when compared to HMA. WMA has significant advantages such as energy saving, decrease binder ageing, lower emission of fuels, paving in colder regions etc. It is also found out that with certain modifiers the performance of WMA is further increased.WMA has significant effect on different parameters such as Marshall stability, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), rut depth, de...
Warm Mix Asphalt-A Comprehensive Case Study
4th Conference of Transportation Research Group of India, 2017
Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a practiced technology that allows significant benefits in terms of environment, material, as well as finance. WMA, in comparison to the conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA), promises us various benefits like reducing asphalt usage, lowering mixing and laying temperature, and hence causing significant reduction in the carbon footprints by lowering the greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. Although this technology is widely being used around the world since last two decades, and Guidelines for Warm Mix Asphalt has also been published by the Indian Road Congress in IRC SP 101-2014 but, in India, there is still reservation regarding its adoption and utilization. There is misconception that the bituminous mixture produced at lower temperature will not perform well, may not compact properly, moisture susceptibility will also be affected. There are a number of additives available in the market that proclaim to result in WMA mixes exhibiting the functions mentioned above. Of late, many of the additives claim to enhance the bituminous mixture properties like elastic modulus as well by reducing the air voids and behave as anti-stripping as well. Hence, there is confusion and lack in clarity with regard to the actual functions of the additives resulting in WMA. To streamline the functions of the additives available in the market, we embarked on studying the effects of multiple additives. In this study, three different additives have been used for the WMA production for which both laboratory as well as field study have been done. The additives used to modify the binder are based on amine and organo-silane technology. Post study, it was found that one additive has provided saving in the form of less binder consumption with some reduction in mixing and compaction temperature, while the second has provided benefit in form of enhanced temperature reduction with no effect on asphalt consumption and the third has provided benefit in both asphalt consumption reduction as well as mixing and compaction temperature reduction. The laboratory properties such as Marshall Stability, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), Moisture Susceptibility, Elasticity Modulus etc. with asphalt VG30 and VG40 has also been studied. Also, recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material utilized in the bituminous mix production contributes partially to the carbon foot print reduction. The normal bituminous mix production temperature as per the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MORTH 5 th revision) Specifications is about 160-170ºC and at the time of laying is min 150ºC. All the three additives has provided a reduction in temperature of about 25-35ºC at the time of bituminous mix production and 20-30ºC at the time of laying. The saving in binder is about 0.2 to 0.3%. All the benefits lead towards the reduction in GHG like CO2, SO2, CO, NOx etc. emissions. The detailed paper targets to showcase some of the cost benefits involved in using WMA compared to hot mix for a typical project and provide guidance on the selection of the additive during usage.
2008
The authors would like to thank several individuals who assisted by sharing experience and information and Dr. David Newcomb of NAPA for providing valuable guidance and information. The literature review portion of this report obtained significant information from a recently completed synthesis prepared for the Texas Department of Transportation under Project 0-5597 (Button et al. 2007
Assessment of the Performance of Warm Mix Asphalts in Road Pavements
International Journal of …, 2010
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Abstract: Several processes and products are available to produce warm mix asphalt (WMA). These may reduce the mixing and compaction temperatures in relation to hot mix asphalt (HMA), ensuring the necessary performance in the pavement. Lower plant mixing temperatures mean reduction in fuel consumption and lower emissions, possibly contributing to diminish health and odour problems and to decrease costs. During this work, two commercial additives (Sasobit ® and Cecabase ® ) were used to produce WMAs, which were compared with a conventional HMA. Initially, the mixtures were designed, the amount of additive was selected (based on the binder characterization) and the mixing temperatures of the WMAs were chosen by means of EN 12697-10 compactability comparison. Then, a road trial was built and test specimens were collected (both of HMA and WMA) for volumetric composition and mechanical behaviour assessment. This study essentially provides a better understanding of the good performance capabilities of WMA mixtures.
Warm-Mix Asphalt and Pavement Sustainability: A Review
Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 2016
Within the past two decades or so, the asphalt paving industry has responded positively to increasing global concerns over shrinking natural resource reserves and worsening environmental conditions through the development and deployment of warm-mix asphalt technologies. Such technologies make it possible to produce and place asphalt concrete at reduced temperatures compared to conventional hot-mix methods. Several studies have reported on the potential of warm-mix asphalt with regard to improved pavement performance, efficiency and environmental stewardship. This paper reviews several of those studies in the context of pavement sustainability. Overall, warm-mix asphalt provides substantial sustainability benefits similar to or, in some cases, better than conventional hot-mix asphalt. Sustainability benefits include lower energy use, reduced emissions, and potential for increased reclaimed asphalt pavement usage. Growth in utilization of warm-mix asphalt worldwide may, in the not-too-distant future, make the material the standard for asphalt paving. Regardless, there are concerns over some aspects of warm-mix asphalt such as lower resistance to fatigue cracking, rutting and potential water-susceptibility problems, particularly with mixes prepared with water-based technologies, which require further research to address.
Evaluation of the Performance of a Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) Considering Aged and Unaged Specimens
Coatings
In the last decades, all technology production sectors reached a high level of development, without neglecting the attention to environmental aspects and safeguarding energy resources. Moreover, in the sector of pavement industry, some alternatives of bituminous mixtures were proposed to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. One of these is the warm mix asphalt (WMA), a mixture produced and compacted at lower temperatures compared to traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA) (about 40 °C less), to allow a reduction of emissions into the atmosphere and the costs. Other operative benefits concern the health of workers during the whole road construction process, the reduction of distances to which the mixture can be transported, and therefore also the positioning of the plants. However, it is not all benefits, since reduced production temperatures can bring short- and long-term water sensitivity issues, which could threaten the pavement performance. This paper evaluated the performance (water s...