Accelerating Textile Dye Bioremoval by Aeration (original) (raw)
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2008
Experiments were done to study the bioremoval / biosorption of dis-azo dye by Aspergillus niger strain 20 in two concentrations using 5 liter bioreactor at five aeration rates. The experimental results are compared for various operating conditions. The dye used was direct brown and the inlet air flow rate was: 1/8, , , 1, 2 v/v/min. The aeration rate of v/v/min yielded 9.2 g fungal biomass and removed 72 % of the dye. Increasing of the aeration rate to 2 v/v/min increased the removal to 77%, whereas the biomass was decreased markedly at the end of the incubation time. The results also indicate that the fungal biomass obtained at the three other air flow rates was more or less the same after 3 days of incubation. The obtained results indicate that air flow rates 1/8, and v/v/min gave better dye bioremoval as compared with the high aeration rate (1, 2 v/v/min) and can be recommended for dis-azo dye bioremediation. Isotherm experiments were conducted to determine the sorbents-desorptio...
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In a series of our publications concerned with decolorization of textile azo dyes, Aspergillus niger strain 20 was identified as efficient bioremediating agent at bench scale level. In this work the evaluation of this bioremediation technology was taken one step forward to upscale the process. For this purpose 20 liter bioreactor (bioremediation unit) was designed specifically to bio-remediate the dye residues in synthetic dye solutions and/or in industrial textile effluents. The extensive work done in this bioremediation unit revealed that this technology at small scale level was successful to remove close to 89 % of the dye within 24 hours. The removal of dyes from synthetic effluent was tested using two approaches. The co-supplementation of the dye with fungal inocula in the bioreactor approach was better than using of fungal biomass build up prior to dye amendment approach. The A. niger biomass was capable of bioremoval appreciable amounts of the dye in rather short time. In general, the decolorization capacity of the studied dyes ranged between 31and 90% after one day of incubation. At the end of the experiments the chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements were determined to assess the removal of dye from the simulated effluents. The results indicate that the fungal strains reduced the COD value of simulated dyeing effluents. The fungal biomass accumulation in the media supplemented with brown, violet and green direct dyes had different trends. The wastewater containing mixture of dyes from a textile dye-producing company and dyehouse were partly decolorized and the COD in the dye containing effluents was reduced by A. niger fungal treatment. The induction of laccase, tyrosinase and lignin peroxidase (LiP) enzymes was observed during decolorization. The activities of the three enzymes increased with different degrees with applied the co-supplementation of the dye with fungal inocula in the bioreactor approach. The study shows that the biodegradetive enzymes associated with the removal of certain dyes from single dye solution is not similar to those of their performance in dye mixture and raw wastewater containing mixture of dyes. [
Aeration as a factor in textile dye bioremoval by Aspergillus niger
African Journal of …, 2008
Experiments were done to study the bioremoval/biosorption of dis-azo dye by Aspergillus niger strain 20 in two concentrations using 5 liter bioreactor at five aeration rates. The experimental results are compared for various operating conditions. The dye used was ...
Biological Treatment of Textile Effluent in Stirred Tank
A fungal isolate Aspergillus terreus SA3 previously isolated from the waste water of a local textile industry was efficiently utilized for the removal of dye (Sulfur black) from textile effluent. The treatment was performed in a self designed lab scale stirred tank bioreactor. The reactor with 5 L capacity (working volume 2 L) were operated at room temperature and pH 5.0 in continuous flow mode with different dye concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 300 & 500 ppm) in simulated textile effluent (STE). The reactors were run on fill, react, settle and draw mode with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24-72 h, depending upon the concentration of dye. Overall color, BOD and COD in the Stirred tank reactor system (STR) were removed by 84.53, 66.50 and 75.24%, respectively with 50 ppm dye concentration and HRT of 24 h. The removal efficiency of the reactor decreased as the concentration of the dye was increased. This STR system was found very effective for efficient treatment of textile waste water (up to 200 ppm Sulfur black dye) by the fungal strain A. terreus SA3. © 2010 Friends Science Publishers
A Review of Various Treatment Methods for the Removal of Dyes from Textile Effluent
Recent Progress in Materials
Wastewater generated by the textile industry has been a major environmental concern for a long. Production of fiber involves various steps and uses a lot of chemicals, dyes, and water. Therefore, the effluent produced from the textile industry needs proper purification before discharging into the water body. The current review summarizes various physical and chemical methods like ion exchange, coagulation-flocculation, membrane separation, membrane distillation, oxidation, ozonation, etc., for wastewater treatment. Along with this, adsorption methods, the various adsorbents used to purify wastewater, and the mechanism involved in adsorption have also been discussed. The biological method utilizes various microbes (bacteria, fungi, algae, and yeast) as a whole and the enzymes (laccase and azoreductase) secreted by them for wastewater treatment, which have been considered more feasible than physical and chemical methods. The adsorption and biological methods are better than other tech...
Biosystem Treatment Approach of Textile Dyeing Industry Wastewater
— Biosystem is composed of plants and microorganisms ecosystem. Biosystem is basin with the dimension of 200 long, 90 cm wide, and 60 cm deep. The basin is filled with 15 cm thick of gravel, 165 cm thick of coarse sand and 20 cm thick of gravel. Ipomeacrassialis is grown with its roots planted in the coarse sand layer. The highest Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solid (MLVSS) concentration was 2010 mg/L, measured in 60 hours growth. Active suspension inoculatedinto biosystem improves the biosystem ability to decrease color intensity, COD, and BOD of the wastewater. Decrease in the color intensity begins to occur within 24 hours of treatment and reach levels below maximum allowed level after 60 hours treatment with the effectivity of 80.07%, meets the quality standard of textile was 5 mg/L. Decrease in COD was identified in 60 hours but still above the quality standard of textile was 70 mg/L and remained unchanged to 90 hours. Decrease in BOD levels began to look significant in 16 hours. However, up to 90 hours treatment time the BOD still above the quality standard of textile waste that was 50 mg/L. Microbe presents predominantly in biosystem was identified as Pseudomonas Pseudomonadanceae.
Bioremediation and Detoxification Technology for Treatment of Dye(s) from Textile Effluent
Textile Wastewater Treatment, 2016
The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the technical and economic feasibility of an integrated process for microbial treatment of dye(s) containing wastewater from textile effluent that evaluates the efficiency and effectiveness to meet the dye(s)' maximum contaminant level. This chapter covers the whole process of microbial treatment methods that are adopted for dye removal to make an eco-friendly system. The purpose of this treatment technology includes process modifications and engineering approaches. It comprises existing technologies with new advancement technology at all stages of the process. This chapter evaluates the reliability of technologies for small and large systems to make the system cost-effective. It also demonstrates how genetically engineered microorganism works and shows that the "microbial treatment platform for dye removal" can operate with positive economical balance to economize the bioprocess technology. Thus, future prospects of microbial treatment technology should be directed not only how to economically improve bioremediation but also how to effectively commercialize such economically sounded "bio-based" treatment methods in different industries.
Biodecolorization of Textile Dye Effluent by Biosorption on Fungal Biomass Materials
Physics Procedia, 2014
Colored industrial effluents have become a vital source of water pollution, and because water is the most important natural source; its treatment is a responsibility. Usually colored wastewater is treated by physical and chemical processes. But these technologies are ineffective in removing dyes, expensive and not adaptable to a wide range of colored water. Biosorption was identified as the preferred technique for bleaching colored wastewater by giving the best results. This treatment was based on the use of dead fungal biomass as new material for treating industrial colored effluents by biosorption. We studied the ability of biosorption of methylene blue (MB) by Aspergillus fumigatus and optimize the conditions for better absorption. Biosorption reaches 68% at 120 min. Similarly, the biosorbed amount increases up to 65% with pH from 4 to 6, and it's similar and around 90% for pH from 7 to 13. At ambient temperature 20-22 o C, the percentage of biosorption of methylene blue was optimal. The kinetic of biosorption is directly related to the surface of biosorbent when the particle size is also an important factor affecting the ability of biosorption. Also the biosorption of methylene blue increases with the dose of biosorbent due to an augmentation of the adsorption surface. In this study, for an initial concentration of 12 mg/L of MB (biosorbent/solution ratio=2g/L) buffered to alkaline pH, and a contact time of 120 min, biosorption takes place at an ambient temperature and reaches 93.5% under these conditions.
Process Biochemistry, 2008
The scale-up of a 10 L air pulsed bioreactor for the continuous treatment of textile wastewater by pellets of the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor has been carried out, based on the geometric similitude with lab-scale bioreactors (0.5 and 1.5 L). Decolourisation experiments of 150 mg L À1 Grey Lanaset G dye solution carried out in the pilot-scale bioreactor showed that in both discontinuous and continuous treatment with an HRT of 48 h, the decolourisation levels were higher than 90%. Some operational changes were carried out in the continuous decolourisation treatment of the dye solution in order to adapt the process to industrial conditions such as, non-sterilization of the dye solution, use of tap water instead of distilled water plus macronutrients and micronutrients and the use of industrial quality co-substrate instead of reagent grade. The pilot system was working continuously during 3 months and over 70 days without sterilization of the dye feeding solution, achieving good decolourisation levels (78% average during the treatment). Continuous treatment of real industrial textile wastewater under non-sterile conditions was carried out during 15 days in the pilot-scale bioreactor, with colour reduction levels between 40 and 60%. These dye concentrations are regarded as environmentally acceptable to be discharged into a municipal wastewater treatment plant if necessary according to the local regulation. #