Poor and Uneducated Parents Increased the Risk of Stunting among Children Living in Non-Remote Areas of Indonesia (original) (raw)
Related papers
Nutrients, 2019
Indonesia is ranked fifth among countries with the highest burden of stunting in children under five. This study aims to examine the determinants of stunting in children aged 0–2 years in Indonesia using data derived from the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Survey. Twenty potential predictors of stunting, categorized into household and housing characteristics; maternal and paternal characteristics; antenatal care services and child characteristics were analyzed. Multilevel analyses were performed to examine the role of cluster/district/provincial differences, as well as individual/household level characteristics and stunting status. Of 24,657 children analyzed, 33.7% (95%CI: 32.8%–34.7%) were stunted. The odds of stunting increased significantly among children living in households with three or more children under five-years-old (aOR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03–1.72), households with five to seven household members (aOR =1.11; 95%CI: 1.03–1.20), children whose mothers during pregnancy attended ...
Analysis of Determinan of Stunting Prevalence among Stunted Toddlers in Indonesia
Populasi
Stunting is regarded as one of the nutritional problems in Indonesia. The prevalence of stunted toddlers in Indonesia showed a decline from 37.2 percent in 2013 to 30.8 percent in 2018. However, this was still far from the WHO target, which should be less than 20 percent. There were two objectives of this study, firstly, to determine the general condition of health and nutrition of toddlers as well as the general condition of households in Indonesia. The second one was to examine the determinants of stunting in toddlers. The data were obtained from Riskesdas 2018, Podes 2018, and population projections per district/city from Statistics Indonesia. The method was carried out using descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings showed that all regions in Indonesia, excluding DKI Jakarta, experienced cases of stunted toddlers categorized in high and very high categories. The regression results confirmed that the prevalence of malnutrition toddlers, the prevalence of obese toddlers, ...
Research Square (Research Square), 2023
Background Stunting among children under ve remains a global health problem. Indonesia is no exception, as its stunting reduction rate has not yet reached the expected target. Regencies/cities in the West Sumatra province in Indonesia still show a stark disparity of achievement following the implementation of their various stunting prevention policies and programs. Methods Cross-sectional study based on 2018 Riskesdas and 2021 SSGI. Nineteen regencies/cities in West Sumatra province. Families with children under ve years involved 3,380 subjects from the 2018 Riskesdas and 4,662 subjects from the 2021 SSGI. Results The results showed that the stunting prevalence decreased from 31.2% in 2018 to 23.3% in 2021. Stunting risk factors include male gender, low birth weight, mothers over 35 years, upper respiratory tract infection, lack of vitamin A consumption, and parents' low education. The rate of stunting reduction varies signi cantly between cities or regencies in the West Sumatra province due to non-exclusive breastfeeding, lack of growth monitoring, poor water quality, and working mothers. Conclusions Most stunting occurs before the age of two. Stunting is signi cantly in uenced by various infectious diseases, dietary intake, and parents' socioeconomic status. The related city/regency governments should develop intervention strategies and speci c programs to reach the expected target.
Understanding Determinants of Stunted Children in Poor Rural Area of Indonesia
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, March 2018, Vol.9, No. 3, 2018
Background: Stunting is a malnutrition problem globally, including in Indonesia. This research aims to know the determinants of stunting in Indonesian poor rural area children. Method: A cross sectional study using the Indonesian Basic Health Research 2013. The population samples included 775 children of 6-23 months ages, selected by multistage cluster sampling. The inclusion criteria were poor families and living in rural areas, while the exclusion criteria were height for age (HAZ) score ≥ 6 and ≤-6 SD. Independent variables were children’s and parent’s characteristics while the dependent variable was stunting. The data was analyzed by multivariate tests using Stata version 13. Results: The prevalence of stunting was 41.42%. Factors associated with stunting were found including the ages of children ie. 18-23 months: (AOR: 1.62, CI 95% 1.28-2.05); 12-17 months: (AOR: 1.42, CI 95% 1.11-1.81), the LBW (AOR: 1.43, CI 95% 1.17-1.74), and the short maternal (AOR: 1.2, CI 95% 1.09- 1.52). Exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation were protective factors for stunting but not significant (AOR:0.93, CI95% 0.78-1.09 and AOR 0.95, CI95% 0.75-1.21 respectively) Conclusion: The older age, LBW, short maternal stature are significant risk factors for stunting.
Kesmas: National Public Health Journal
This study aimed to examine the risk factors of childhood undernutrition in Indonesia. Determinants of childhood stunting were examined by using the 2013Indonesia Basic Health Research Survey dataset. A total of 76,165 children aged under 5 years were included in this study. The analysis used multivariatemultilevel logistic regression to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs). The prevalence of stunting in the sample population was 36.7%. The odds of stunting increased significantly among the under-five boys, children living in slum area, and the increase of household member (aOR = 1.11, 95 %CI: 1.06–1.15; 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04–1.15; and 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02–1.04 respectively). The odds of stunting decreased significantly among children whose parents more educated (aOR = 0.87, 95 %CI: 0.83–0.91 and 0.87, 95%CI: 0.83–0.9, respectively), who live in urban area, in a province with higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and in a province with higher ratio of professional health worker ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Stunting is highly prevalent in Indonesian children. The objective of this study was to identify the associations of stunting with morbidity, parental education and socioeconomic status (SES) in Indonesian children. The study population was part of the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS). A total of 2236 Indonesian children aged 0.5 to 12 years, who had participated in the SEANUTS, were included in this study. Stunting was defined as height for age Z-score (HAZ) ≤ −2 using WHO criteria and severe stunting as HAZ ≤ −3. Information on morbidity, parental education and family SES were collected by structured questionnaires. ANOVA was used for evaluating differences across groups, with or without correction for confounders. The results showed that the overall prevalence of stunting was 31.4%. HAZ in stunted children was associated with disease incidence, including frequency, parental education and family income. There were no significant differences in HAZ values in stunted chi...
A Pooled Data Analysis to Determine Risk Factors of Childhood Stunting in Indonesia
Journal of Nutrition College, 2023
Background: Stunting among children remains a public health concern in Indonesia, where the prevalence of stunting in rural areas is higher than in urban areas. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze risk factors for stunting and severe stunting among children aged 0-59 months in rural and urban Indonesia. Method: This cross-sectional study used pooled datasets from Indonesia's Basic Health Research in 2007, 2010, and 2013. Our study samples included 38,246 children aged 0-59 months whose height-forage Z-score (HAZ) was between-5.99 and 5.99 standard deviations. The primary outcomes were stunting and severe stunting, whereas dependent variables included factors at the child, household, and community levels. We apply Stata 13 for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The prevalence of stunting and severe stunting was higher in rural than urban areas. On one hand, risk factors significantly associated with stunting and severe stunting in urban areas were low birth weight, maternal height, informal father's occupation, low economic level, and children from East Indonesia and Sumatra. Furthermore, the father's height was only associated with stunting, while the number of children >3 was only associated with severe stunting. On the other hand, risk factors age, low birth weight, maternal height, father's height, household member 5-9 people, middle and low economic level were significantly associated with stunting and severe stunting in rural areas. Moreover, poor WASH was only associated with stunting, while informal mother occupation, low father education, number of household members > 9 people, and living in Sumatra and East Indonesia were associated with severe stunting in rural areas. Conclusion: Low birth weight, short parents, and economic income were risk factors for stunting and severe stunting children in urban and rural areas.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2020
In Indonesia, the problem of low nutritional status proportion is still a problem, despite it decline of 37.2%in 2013 and 30.8% in 2018. Southeast Sulawesi is the Province with prevalence of stunting of 27.5 %in 2018 while Kendari City with the prevalence of 28.6% of children under five included in the stuntingcategory. In 2014 to 2015 there was a 2.2% increase in stunting children in the working area of PuuwatuPublic Health Center. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidenceof stunting among children aged 24-59 months. The type of study was quantitative with a cross sectionalstudy approach. The sampling technique was accidental sampling, with the number of respondents was 88toddlers. The results of statistical tests using chi square test with confidence level of 95%. The result ofstudy obtained p value of protein intake = 0.001, p value of mother’s education = 0.040, p value of father’soccupation= 0.003 and p value of economic status = 0.054...
Enfermeria Clinica, 2019
Objectives: To identify correlations between family characteristics, nutritional parenting, and stunting in children under five in South Jakarta. Method: This study used an observational, descriptive research design and a community-based cross-sectional approach. A total of 192 samples were included in the study, selected using the cluster sampling technique. Family Characteristics and Nutritional Parenting Tools contain the types of questions that were used to collect the data. A correlation data analysis was conducted using an independent t-test, chi-square, and multiple logistic regression prediction modeling. Results: The results of the research showed a significant correlation between family characteristics and nutritional parenting with the occurrence of stunting in children under five in South Jakarta. Families whose incomes were below the regional minimum wage had a 6.625 times greater chance of observing stunting in children under five compared to families whose incomes were above the regional minimum wage with Wald value of 28.148. Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors, especially household income, are the factors that are most responsible for influencing the incidence of stunting in children under five. Multisector and integrated programs are needed to increase household income, knowledge, and family skills to reduce the incidence of stunting in children under five.
BMC Nutrition, 2017
Background: Stunting among toddlers is highly prevalent in Indonesia. As a chronic malnutrition problem, stunting is closely related to internal (maternal health) and external factors such as feeding practices, illness and socio-economics of the community. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between low birth weight (LBW), child feeding practices and neonatal illness with stunting among Indonesian toddlers. Methods: For this study, we took data from the 2010 Indonesian National Basic Health Survey (RISKESDAS). Totally 3024 children aged of 12-23 months included in this analysis. Stunting was measured using standardized body length and was defined based on criteria from WHO AnthroII.PC2007. Data analysis was done through bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of stunting among Indonesian toddlers (12 23 months) was 40.4%. Early initiation of breast-feeding and exclusive breast feeding was experienced by 42.7% and 19.7% of the babies. More than half of the babies were given pre-lacteal feeds, while early complementary feeding was given to 68.5% of the subjects. Multivariate analysis showed infants born with LBW were 1.74 times more likely to be stunted (95% CI 1.38-2.19) than those born with normal weight. Boys were 1.27 times (95% CI 1.10-1.48) more likely to be stunted than girls. Infants with a history of neonatal illness, they were 1.23 times (95% CI 0.99-1.50) more susceptible to stunting. Being poor was another indirect variable that significantly associated with stunting (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.12-1.51). Conclusion: LBW, gender (boys), history of neonatal illness and poverty are factors related to stunting among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia, with LBW being the major determinant of stunting.