Characterization of Polyethersulfone/Cloisite 15A Mixed Matrix Membrane for CO2/CH4 Separation (original) (raw)
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Procedia CIRP, 2015
Polyethersulfone membranes embedded with surfactant modified montmorillonite clay, cloisite15A were prepared. In this work, membrane fabrication protocols, microstructural characterization, and gas permeation measurements were combined to demonstrate the improvement in gas separation properties by the mixed matrix membrane. Permeability and selectivity of carbon dioxide and methane were determined for the unfilled and filled membranes with organoclay loadings of 0.25 to 1.0 wt%. Physical properties of the membranes were determined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Unfilled membrane exhibits lower gas permeability and selectivity compared to the coated filled polyethersulfone membrane with 1.0 wt% achieved the highest selectivity (46.89) and CO 2 permeance of 3.71 GPU. Improvement in gas separation properties upon coating and thermal curing shows the potential of clay nanoflakes polymeric membrane as a promising approach in the separation of the gas pairs.
Chemical engineering transactions, 2015
Natural gas contains some impurities liked acid gases (CO2 & H2S), which can affect the environment. Currently, the main focus of the research is to invent the new membranes materials for gas separation. Native polyethersulfone (PES) and PES/carbon molecular sieve (CMS) mixed matrix membranes were fabricated by solvent evaporation method using N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent. The final membranes were characterized in term of morphology and thermal stability by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and thermal gravimetric analyser (TGA). FESEM analysis of developed membranes was revealed that the final membranes have acceptable contacts between filler particles and the polymer chains with the thickness in the ranges from 51.37 µm to 67.68 µm. CMS inorganic particles were dispersed well within organic (polymer) matrix. Due to the addition of CMS the developed membrane exhibit the improved thermal stability. In the pure gas permeation, the effect of CMS load...
CO2 gas separation using mixed matrix membranes based on polyethersulfone/MIL-100(Al)
Open Chemistry, 2021
The excessive use of natural gas and other fossil fuels by the industrial sector leads to the production of great quantities of gas pollutants, including CO2, SO2, and NO x . Consequently, these gases increase the temperature of the earth, producing global warming. Different strategies have been developed to help overcome this problem, including the utilization of separation membrane technology. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are hybrid membranes that combine an organic polymer as a matrix and an inorganic compound as a filler. In this study, MMMs were prepared based on polyethersulfone (PES) and a type of metal–organic framework (MOF), Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MIL)-100(Al) [Al3O(H2O)2(OH)(BTC)2] (BTC: benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylate) using a phase inversion method. The influence on the properties of the produced membranes by addition of 5, 10, 20, and 30% MIL-100(Al) (w/w) to the PES was also investigated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated that ...
Mixed matrix membranes based on polysulfone and rice husk extracted silica for CO 2 separation
Mesoporous silica particles after extraction from rice husk ash were used as fillers in polysulfone based mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). The fillers were functionalized with 4-aminophenazone (4-AMP) to enhance the CO 2-philic properties. The attractive feature of this research was the utility of extracted silica from a biological waste-the rice husk ash. A good dispersion and adhesion of the filler within the polymer matrix were confirmed by the gas permeation results, SEM images and FTIR analysis. The results revealed that all MMMs showed high permeabilities in comparison to pristine polysulfone membrane. The higher gas permeabilities were attributed to the presence of large mesopores in the filler that led to faster diffusion of the penetrant gas. The functionalized silica showed significantly higher CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /N 2 selectivities. The highest ideal selectivities obtained for CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /CH 4 at a maximum of 40% filler loading, were 32.79 and 33.31 respectively. All synthesized membranes were tested at various operating temperatures and their activation energies were also calculated. The highly ordered structures with short and straight pore channels and improved gas permeation properties warrant the silica extracted from rice husk as promising filler for industrial gas separation under varying conditions of temperature.
Separation and Purification Technology, 2020
Novel asymmetric polyethersulfone membranes loaded with SAPO-34 particles were prepared using phase inversion technique and then surface coated with PDMS using spin coating method. The mixed matrix membranes were then characterized by FTIR, TGA, SEM-EDX and gas permeation analysis. Effect of SAPO-34 loading alongwith operating pressure was also analyzed on gas permeation properties of both coated and uncoated membranes. SAPO-34 loading resulted in improvement of permeability of all the gases without much decrease in CO 2 ideal selectivity with respect to methane and nitrogen whereas PDMS coating resulted in improvement of ideal selectivity of CO 2 at the expense of decrease of permeance of all the gases. It was found that PDMS coated PES membrane, loaded with 30 wt.% SAPO-34, having thickness of 45 µm, demonstrated high CO 2 permeance of 641.77 GPU, CO 2 /CH 4 ideal selectivity of 4.45 and CO 2 /N 2 ideal selectivity of 12.45, respectively at 20 bar and 25°C. It was found that the performance of this membrane crossed the Robeson upper bound limit 2008 for CO 2 / N 2 separation whereas for CO 2 /CH 4 separation it crossed the previous upper bound limit 1991. Finally, the performance of this membrane was also analyzed under mixed gas conditions for CO 2 /CH 4 separation at high pressure.
Fuel Processing Technology, 2014
Tradeoff limitation on selectivity and permeability restricts the use of membranes for CO 2 separation in natural gas industry. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with combined advantages of polymeric matrix and inorganic fillers have been long proposed to overcome this shortcoming, but thick dense symmetric layer structure with a high mass resistance offers improvement in selectivity only. In this study, asymmetric polysulfone MMMs incorporated with small pore zeolite were proposed. SAPO-34 zeolite with a framework of 0.38 nm pore size and high CO 2 adsorption affinity was used as inorganic fillers. The asymmetric mixed matrix membrane structure was prepared using the phase inversion method. The effects of zeolite loading (5-30 wt.%) on the membrane characteristics were studied using SEM with EDX, FT-IR, and TGA; while the gas transport properties were investigated using pure gas permeation tests of N 2 , CO 2 and CH 4. Well dispersion of SAPO-34 particles in the polymer matrix was observed for zeolite loading less than 10 wt.%. The maximum CO 2 permeance (314.02 GPU) was achieved by incorporating 10 wt.% of SAPO-34 into asymmetric PSf membrane. Even without strong binding between PSf and SAPO-34, CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivities up to 26.1 and 28.2 respectively were observed.
Nanoporous polymer – Clay hybrid membranes for gas separation
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2010
Nanohybrid organo–inorgano clay mineral-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes were prepared by the reaction of pure and/or modified natural clay minerals (Sepiolite and montmorillonite) with PDMS in hexane, followed by evaporation of the solvent at 70 °C. The membranes were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, ATD-TG and solid state 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) and cross-polarization (CP) CP/MAS NMR. The morphology of the membranes depends on the content loading of clay mineral. For low content, the membrane composition is homogeneous, with well dispersed nanoparticles of clay into the polymer matrix, whereas for higher clay content, the membranes are constituted also of a mixture of well dispersed nanoparticles into the polymer, but in the presence of agglomerations of small clay particles. Quantitative 29Si MAS NMR demonstrated a strong correlation between the clay content of the membrane and the average length of the PDMS chain, indicating that the nanohybrid material is made of clay particles covalently linked to the PDMS structure. This is particularly the case for Sepiolite with has a high density of Q2 silanol sites. The separation performances of the prepared membranes were tested for CO2/CH4 and O2/N2 mixtures. The observed separation factors showed an increase of the selectivity in the case of CO2/CH4 in comparison with membranes made from PDMS alone under the same conditions.Nanohybrid organo-inorgano clay mineral-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes, with PDMS chains covalently linked to sepiolite microfibers, were synthesized, characterized and tested for the separation of CO2/CH4 and O2/N2 mixtures.
Modified Zeolite/Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Enhanced CO2/CH4 Separation
Membranes, 2021
In recent years, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have received worldwide attention for their potential to offer superior gas permeation and separation performance involving CO2 and CH4. However, fabricating defect-free MMMs still remains as a challenge where the incorporation of fillers into MMMs has usually led to some issues including formation of undesirable interfacial voids, which may jeopardize the gas separation performance of the MMMs. This current work investigated the incorporation of zeolite RHO and silane-modified zeolite RHO (NH2–RHO) into polysulfone (PSf) based MMMs with the primary aim of enhancing the membrane’s gas permeation and separation performance. The synthesized zeolite RHO, NH2–RHO, and fabricated membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and field emission scanning election microscopy (FESEM). The effects of zeolite loading in the MMMs ...
Polyimide mixed matrix membranes for CO2 separations using carbon–silica nanocomposite fillers
Journal of Membrane Science, 2015
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have a potential to improve the separation performance of polymeric membranes while maintaining their advantages of easy processing and lower costs. In this work, series of MMMs were developed via solution casting by adding porous carbon-silica nanocomposite (CSM) fillers to a readily available Matrimid® membrane. CSMs were prepared by a hard template synthesis technique to get a tuneable porosity and surface chemistry which is controlled by the optimization of the filler porosity using carbon deposition, the pyrolysis conditions, and the maximisation of polarity via oxygen functional groups. SEM images of the synthesised MMMs confirmed the good adhesion and dispersion of the fillers within the polymer matrix. The separation results demonstrate that the overall separation efficiency is increased by the addition of a carbon phase, providing an increased affinity for the CO 2 gas molecules next to the creation of extra porosity and free volume. It was showed that significantly improved CO 2 mixed gas selectivity and permeability for CO 2 :N 2 and CO 2 :CH 4 gas mixtures at 9 bar and 308 K was achieved. For gas mixtures with a 50:50 (CO 2 :N 2) feed composition, a 2-fold and 6-fold increase of the mixed gas selectivity (up to 42.5) and permeability (up to 27 Barrer) compared to unfilled PI was achieved, respectively. The performance of the membranes was compared to the existing literature data.
Matrimid mixed matrix membranes for enhanced CO2/CH4 separation
Journal of Polymer Engineering, 2016
In this study, Matrimid mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared for CO2/CH4 separation. MMMs were fabricated for improving the permeability and ideal selectivity of Matrimid membranes. Matrimid 5218 was used as a polymer matrix, and inorganic particles were used as additives. MMMs with a thickness of 33–38 μm were prepared at room temperature. The effects of the types and different amounts of additives on the permeability and ideal selectivity of MMMs were investigated by using a gas separation membrane unit. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images were used for checking the dispersion and agglomeration of additives within polymer matrices. Thermal gravimetric analysis showed that MMMs became much more thermally stable than pristine membranes. The decomposition temperatures (Td) of MMMs were increased as compared to those of pristine membranes. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of MMMs and pristine membranes were recorded. Th...