Influence of different extraction temperatures and methanol solvent percentages on the total phenols and total flavonoids from the heartwood and bark of Acacia auriculiformis (original) (raw)
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Chemical Constituent of Acacia auriculiformis Wood Extractives and Their Antioxidant Activity
Jurnal Sylva Lestari : Journal of Sustainable Forest, 2023
Acacia auriculiformis showed good potential to be developed as a raw material for bioactive compounds. The heartwood of A. auriculiformis is still rarely explored. The purpose of this study was to identify the bioactive components of the heartwood. Six compounds were identified from the heartwood through nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy, namely the C-3,4',7,8 hydroxyl substituted flavonoids and chalcone. Two methylated teracacidins and chalcone-like teracacidin were identified for the first time in the A. auriculiformis heartwood, along with three known compounds. These compounds showed good radical scavenging and reduction activity, compared to crude extract and ascorbic acid, using three different antioxidant assays. The molecular structure-dependent activity was observed to affect the trend of the different antioxidant activities. This finding shows good potential for further development of plant parts of A. auriculiformis from Indonesia as new raw materials for medicines.
Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science, 2012
This study had been done to determine the optimal condition for the extraction of extractives with respect to the temperature and methanol solvent percentage on the total extractives yield from the sapwood, heartwood and bark of Acacia auriculiformis trees. All the disc components; the sapwood, heartwood and bark were air dried under shelter for 2 weeks before it was pulverized into powdered form. The pulverized samples were extracted with methanol solvent in a ratio of 1:20 (pulverized samples: solvent) for 3 h in a water bath. Different temperature (35°C, 55°C and 75°C) and methanol solvent percentage (55 %, 65 % and 75 %) were used for the extraction. The total extractives yield was determined based on . The total extractives yield was found to be at its optimum at temperature, 75°C and methanol solvent percentage, 75 % for all the disc components, sapwood (3.00 %), heartwood (9.81 %) and bark (18.89 %).
2021
Breeding strategy of Acacia hybrid is being developed by Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Indonesia and has produced three superior clones in growth (Clone 16, 25, and 44). Understanding the extractives of the new clones might determine future development steps to improve its resistance to diseases especially heartrot. The objective of this study was to investigate the extractive content in three radial directions (SW = sapwood; OHW = outer heartwood; IHW = inner heartwood); total phenolic, flavonoid, flavanol contents (colorimetric assay); and antioxidant activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay). Extractions were done with three different solvents in successive (n-hexane = H; methanol = M; hot water = W), yielded 0,69 %-1,70 %; 1,51 %-10,86 %; and 0,51 %-1,16 % of extractive contents, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC) from TPC-H, TPC-M, and TPC-W ranged between 3,68 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g-10,41 mg GAE/g; 76,83 mg GAE/g-448,35 mg GAE/g; and 43,28 mg GAE/g-198,92 mg GAE/g, respectively; the total flavonoid content (TFC) from TFC-H, TFC-M, and TFC-W between 4,23 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/g-41,51 mg QE/g; 29,55 mg QE/g-133,71 mg QE/g; and 7,70 mg QE/g-29,37 mg QE/g, respectively; total flavanol content (TVC) from TVC-H, TVC-M, and TVC-W ranged between 28,74 mg of catechin equivalent (CE)/g-66,90 mg CE/g; 83,39 mg CE/g-247,18 mg CE/g; and 7,08 mg CE/g-29,21 mg CE/g, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was found to be significantly affected by the radial factor with the strongest activity exhibited by inner heartwood extract with an IC 50 value of 255,77 μg/ml (gallic acid IC 50 showed a value of 39,00 μg/ml). Among clones, clone 16 was determined to have the highest extractive, total flavonoid as well as flavanol contents. Thus, clone 16 was hypothesized to be more resistance against heart rot disease.
Flavonoids from Acacia Tortilis
J. Chem. Research (S), 276-278, 2002
The genus Acacia comprising over 500 species, found in the warmer, drier parts of the World, chiefly in Arabia, Australia and Africa. 1 In India, there are about 22 indigenous species, distributed throughout the plains. Some of the Acacia species are of considerable value for reafforestation and reclamation of waste land. They are the good sources of tannin, gum and timber. 1 Acacia tortilis (Syn: A. raddiana Savi) (Leguminosae) was found to be a very useful source of protein. 2 The acid digest of cell wall constituents fibres and cellulose found in the leaves provide nutrients for the animals as fodder. 3 It is also used for the relaxation of smooth muscle. 4 Earlier investigations of this plant described the isolation of apigenin glycoside, 5 quercetin glycoside and isorhaminetin glycoside from leaves, 6 and n-hexacosanol, betulin, α-, β-amyrin and β-sitosterol from the stem bark. 7 Medicinal properties and scanty work on this plant stimulated our interest to carry out its comprehensive investigation. We now report here the isolation and characterisation of a novel flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-4-p-methyl benzyl isoflavone 4a, along with the three known flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin and quercetin from the leaves of Acacia tortilis. The dried and powdered leaves of Acacia tortilis (3 kg) procured from Yeman, were exhaustively extracted with light petroleum ether (60-80), benzene and finally with methanol respectively. The methanol extract was concentrated by heating over a boiling water bath under reduced pressure, and a brown gummy mass was obtained. It gave a positive colour test for flavonoids. 8 TLC examination in benzene-pyridine-formic acid (BPF, 36:9:5) and toluene-ethylformate-formic acid (TEF, 5:4:1) systems showed it to be a mixture of several compounds. The brown gummy mass was purified by reflux-ing it with petroleum ether, benzene and chloroform. The semi-solid mass left behind was chromatographed over silica gel column. Fractional elution with benzene-ethylacetate
Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2017
Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex. Benth is a valuable and evergreen tree of family Mimosaceae. The plant is used as a folk medicine to treat aches, sore eyes, inflammation, malaria, skin diseases like itching, allergy and rashes. The stem bark of the plant is used as traditional remedy for treatment of rheumatism. The present study includes determination of various standardization parameters such as morphological characters, microscopic studies, physicochemical evaluation and preliminary phytochemical screening. The morphological studies exhibited the organoleptic and surface characteristics of stem bark. The microscopic study showed the presence of various characteristics of bark like cork, phloem fibers, medullary rays, parenchyma, calcium oxalate crystals and stone cells. Physicochemical constants such as foreign organic matter, extractive values, ash values, loss on drying, swelling index and foaming index were established. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presen...
Molecules, 2019
Polyphenols are one of the largest and most widespread groups of secondary metabolites in the plants world. These compounds are of particular interest due to their occurrence and the properties they possess. The main sources of phenolic compounds are fruits and vegetables, but lately, more and more studies refer to woody vascular plants, especially to bark, as an important source of phenolic compounds with a potential biological effect. This study aims to bring together information on the phenolic compounds present in the bark of woody vascular plants by discussing extraction methods, the chemical composition of the extracts and potential biological effects. The literature data used in this paper were collected via PubMed (2004–2019). Search terms were: bark, rhytidome, woody vascular plant, polyphenols, phenolic compounds, biologic activity, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antimutagenic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral. This paper intends to highlight the fact tha...
Annals of Forest Science
& Key message The natural durability of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh's Heartwood is conferred by the high content of antioxidant phenolic compounds, especially tannins and flavonoids combined with the presence of fungistatic alkaloids. The content of phenolic compounds increases according to the natural durability classes, from durable wood (class 2) to moderately durable wood (class 3) and correlated to the antioxidant capacity. & Context The heartwood of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh is resistant to white rot fungi decay, but the mechanism of this natural durability is not fully elucidated. & Aims Biochemical studies were carried out in order to better understand the role of extractives in natural durability of D. guianensis. & Methods The powders from durable and moderately durable heartwood were extracted with methanol, ethanol, and hot water. The quantity of total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity, evaluated by 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) were determined using colorimetric methods. Antifungal activity was assessed by using two white rot fungi. The bioactive fractions and compounds were obtained using bio-guided fractionation, HPLC isolation, MS and RMN spectroscopic analyses. & Results Durable woods contain higher amounts of heartwood extract and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was highly correlated with the content of phenolics. The purification of the most antioxidant fraction FII affords the characterization of (+)
Study of Different Extraction Methods of Bioactive Molecules from Different Tree Species
2021
Paper Received: 21 September 2020; Revised: 7 February 2021; Accepted: 9 May 2021 Please cite this article as: Sillero L., Morales A., Fernandez-Marin R., Hernandez-Ramos F., Davila I., Erdocia X., Labidi J., 2021, Study of Different Extraction Methods of Bioactive Molecules from Different Tree Species, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 86, 31-36 DOI:10.3303/CET2186006 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
International Journal
Plant polyphenols have been studied largely because of the possibility that they might underlie the protective effects afforded by fruit and vegetable intake against cancer and other chronic diseases. The objective of the present study is to estimate the total polyphenolic content in aqueous and methanolic extract prepared from the bark of Acacia nilotica plant species. Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del commonly known as babul, kikar or Indian gum Arabic tree, has been recognized worldwide as a multipurpose tree. Mostly it occurs as an isolated tree and rarely found in patches to a limited extent in forests and has been widely planted on farms throughout the plains of the Indian subcontinent. The bark, root, gum, leaves and flowers have found use for skin diseases, diarrhoea, dysentery, cough, diabetes, eczema, wound healing, burning sensation and as an astringent, demulcent, antiasthmatic. For present work the bark of well identified A. nilotica (L) plant for the extraction of phytochemicals was done from the village Khargawali (Hoshangabad district). 20-20 grams of the fine powdered sample were subjected to soxhlet extraction with 200 ml distilled water and 40% methanol separately at 70 o C and 50 o C respectively, for 24 hours and concentrated. The percentage yield so obtained was 35 and 32.5% respectively. The extracts were then subjected for preliminary phytochemical screening of alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and glycosides the results of which refers to data given in this article. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method with suitable modification. When compared with the gallic acid standard curve the aqueous extract of 0.01 mg/ml dilution contains 0.323 mg/ml approx of total polyphenol content and that of the methanolic extract of the same concentration shows 0.422 mg/ml approx concentration of TPC. Thus from the present study it can be concluded that the aqueous and methanolic extracts A. nilotica are rich in TPC, the potential of which could be utilized in many ways after further advance studies and proper data generation for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents.