Variation for Fruit Morphological, Chemical and Seed Physical Traits in Three Cucurbita pepo L. Genotypes (original) (raw)
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Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2018
Twenty one accessions of Cucurbita pepo and eleven accessions of Cucurbita moschata were collected from different regions of Iran and variations in fruit and seed characters evaluated during 2016-2017. The basic statistics of traits has demonstrated considerable variability among accessions. Correlation analysis revealed some important associations among studied traits. In C. pepo, a positive correlation were between seed width and fruit weight, seed weight, fruit flesh thickness, fruit cavity diameter and seed length and in C. moschata, total soluble solid (TSS) was positively correlated with fruit flesh thickness, fruit weight and fruit yield and negatively correlated with fruit weight/seed weight. PCA generalized 15 quantitative characters to five PCs in C. pepo and four PCs in C. moschata having Eigen value > 1 explaining 89.85% and 87.13% of the total variability, respectively. Cluster analysis classified C. pepo accessions into six and C. moschata accessions in five divergent groups. The result showed that in C. pepo accessions we can use cluster II members (P02 and P15) as normal seed types and P03 and P05 as naked seed types for next breeding programmes as well as seed production. Among C. moschata accessions we suggest M05 and M11 for next breeding programmes and consumption as pumpkin, also we suggest cluster I (M02 and M03) as the best accessions for consumption their fruits as pumpkin.
Seed dimensions in the subspecies and cultivar-groups of Cucurbita pepo
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2003
Seed samples of 174 accessions of pumpkins, squash, and gourds of Cucurbita pepo were measured for length, width, and thickness. Mean seed length ranged from 8.8 to 23.3 mm, mean seed width from 5.0 to 12.5 mm and mean seed thickness from 1.2 to 3.8 mm. The seeds of the edible-fruited cultivar-groups of C. pepo subsp. pepo (Pumpkin, Vegetable Marrow, Cocozelle, Zucchini) were longer, wider, and thicker than those of their counterparts of C. pepo subsp. texana (Acorn, Crookneck, Scallop, Straightneck). The small-fruited, inedible gourds had the smallest seeds. Of the edible-fruited C. pepo subsp. pepo, the Pumpkin Group (round fruits) possessed the longest and flattest seeds whilst the Zucchini Group (long, uniformly cylindrical fruits) possessed the shortest and thickest seeds. The samples tested also differed greatly in mean values for relative dimensions. Length-to-width ratio ranged from 1.5 to 2.5, length-to-thickness ratio from 3.7 to 8.2, and width-to-thickness ratio from 2.0 to 4.9. The Pumpkin Group, followed by the Cocozelle Group (long, bulbous cylindrical fruits) and the Vegetable Marrow Group (short, tapered cylindrical fruits), had seeds of the highest length-to-width ratio. The seeds of the four edible-fruited groups of C. pepo subsp. pepo differed significantly from one another in their length-to-thickness and width-to-thickness ratios. The seeds of the Pumpkin Group and the wild Mexican gourd (C. pepo subsp. fraterna) differed greatly in their dimensions but were most similar to one another in their relative dimensions. In C. pepo, seed size is positively associated with fruit size and seed shape is inversely associated with fruit shape.
Genetic Variation among Cucurbita pepo Accessions Varying in Seed Nutrition and Seed Size
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2019
Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) is a nutritionally valuable food and a significant source of income globally. Pumpkin seeds are rich in oil, protein, unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols, which are associated with improved human health. Understanding the genetic diversity among pumpkin accessions varying in seed nutrition traits is necessary for designing sound breeding strategies for developing superior cultivars. In the current study, 26 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were used to assess genetic relatedness among 29 C. pepo accessions varying in seed oil, seed protein, seed-coat phenotype, seed size and fatty acid composition. The SSR markers revealed 102 alleles averaging 3.92 alleles per loci and mean polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.44. Eleven of the markers had a PIC of ≥0.5. Ward dendrogram and principle component analysis based on seed traits grouped the genotypes into two major clusters corresponding to subspecies pepo and texana, with all the reduced-hull accessions grouping within the former. Collectively, this data suggests wide phenotypic (seed traits) and genotypic variation within C. pepo that may be exploited to develop superior reduced-hull cultivars.
Genetic Variation among Cucurbita pepo Accessions Varying in Seed Nutrition and Seed Size
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2019
Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) is a nutritionally valuable food and a significant source of income globally. Pumpkin seeds are rich in oil, protein, unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols, which are associated with improved human health. Understanding the genetic diversity among pumpkin accessions varying in seed nutrition traits is necessary for designing sound breeding strategies for developing superior cultivars. In the current study, 26 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were used to assess genetic relatedness among 29 C. pepo accessions varying in seed oil, seed protein, seed-coat phenotype, seed size and fatty acid composition. The SSR markers revealed 102 alleles averaging 3.92 alleles per loci and mean polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.44. Eleven of the markers had a PIC of ≥0.5. Ward dendrogram and principle component analysis based on seed traits grouped the genotypes into two major clusters corresponding to subspecies pepo and texana, with all the reduced-hull accessions grouping within the former. Collectively, this data suggests wide phenotypic (seed traits) and genotypic variation within C. pepo that may be exploited to develop superior reduced-hull cultivars.
Multivariate analysis of quantitative traits in Iranian pumpkin lines (Cucurbita spp.)
2012
Pumpkin is an important plant, which is one of the oldest domesticated crops of the Neolithic revolution. In this study, seed yield production and its different components fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit length/fruit diameter ratio (FL/FD), diameter of flesh, diameter of seed core, fruit weight, weight of 1000 seed from 24 lines of pumpkin grown in Iran were examined. Twenty five characters in all plant lines were measured by a Descriptor (UPOV) and data were subjected to cluster analysis. Results showed that plant lines were divided in four groups. In all groups, regression comparisons were made for modeling the effect of different characters on seed yield, results also showed that fruit weight and fruit length in all groups had the most direct effect on seed yield. In conclusion, these traits are suggested as the best indirect selection criteria to improve the seed yield genetically in Cucurbita spp. genotypes especially in preliminary generation of breeding and selection programs.
Pattern of variation for seed characteristics in Turkish populations of Cucurbita moschata Duch
Pumpkins are one of the most important Cucurbit crops in Turkey. For this research, 40 populations of pumpkin, Cucurbita moschata Duch., were collected from different regions of Turkey and variation in seed characters was assessed. The present collection showed appreciable genotypic variation in color, shape, brightness, dimension, and weight of seed. With regard to seed dimensions, populations showed a range of 13.8 - 24.3 mm for seed length, 7.5 -15.3 mm for seed width, and 1.6 - 4.7 mm for seed thickness. For seed length to thickness ratio and seed width to thickness ratio, populations showed a range of 3.7 - 10.8 and 2.1 - 6.4, respectively. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The first two factor axes explained 72.6% of the total multivariate variation. Data were also subjected to cluster analysis. Cluster analysis established the existence of eight groups. A dendrogram was prepared to evaluate seed characters among populations. Each cluster had some unique characteristics and revealed high variation in this study. As a conclusion, the populations evaluated in this study display a wide diversity of seed characters for selection and combination of interesting genotypes for important seed characters in order to obtain improved varieties.
Journal of New Sciences, 2017
Tunisia is one of the most important diversity centers for cultivated cucurbits characterized by their adaptation to climatic changes. Many local varieties have resulted from natural or farmers’ selection. The aim of this study was to characterize fifteen local accessions of squash collected from different regions of the country. ‘In situ’ and ‘ex situ’ characterization were undertaken based on 30 parameters related to seeds, growth, flowers and fruit characteristic. This agro-morphological characterization was carried out based on UPOV and IPGRI descriptors. Total sugar, β-carotene pigment, and chemical parameters were also analyzed. Results revealed a considerable genetic variability for most of the agro-morphological parameters. Morphological variation was most apparent in fruit characteristics. In fact, most populations in this study had transverse broad elliptical fruit (75.6%), a medium skin thickness (89.12%), a medium flesh thickness (57.89%) and a big cavity diameter (94.7%...
In this study, some physical properties of pumpkin line (‘14 BO 01’) (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) and winter squash variety seeds (‘55 ÇA 15’ and ‘Arican 97’) (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) were evaluated at five different moisture content levels. Length, width and thickness increased linearly, as the moisture content increased from 8.62 to 25.49% dry weight basis (dwb) for ‘Arican 97’, from 9.60 to 25.60% for ‘55 ÇA 15’ and from 6.81 to 23.07% for ‘14 BO 01’. All the diameters of seeds were significantly related with the seed moisture contents (P < 0.05). The sphericity varied from 0.548 to 0.565 for ‘Arican 97’, from 0.548 to 0.565 for ‘55 ÇA 15’ and from 0.482 to 0.504 for ‘14 BO 01’ as the moisture content increased. With the increase in moisture content, the surface area varied from 290.08 to 330.86 mm2 for ‘Arican 97’, from 349.22 to 382.12 mm2 for ‘55 ÇA 15’ and from 333.29 to 398.35 mm2 for ‘14 BO 01’. The bulk and true densities decreased from 411.86 to 366.03 kgm-3, from 390.35 to 347.37 kgm-3 and from 375.54 to 316.55 kgm-3 for ‘Arican 97’, ‘55 ÇA 15’ and ‘14 BO 01’, whereas the seed moisture content increased, respectively. The angle of repose increased from 17.11° to 22.87° for ‘Arican 97’ as the moisture content increased. These values increased from 15.25° to 23.87° for ‘55 ÇA 15’ and from 16.42° to 24.17° for ‘14 BO 01’ with the increase in moisture content. Porosity values ranged between 41.30–43.20%, 45.08–47.36% and 45.47–50.49% with the increasing moisture contents for ‘Arican 97’, ‘55 ÇA 15’ and ‘14 BO 01’, respectively.