Association of Autism with Maternal Infections, Perinatal and Other Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study (original) (raw)
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Maternal and neonatal risk factors for autism spectrum disorder: A case-control study from Egypt
PLOS ONE
Background The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasing steadily in Egypt and worldwide. Detecting risk factors for ASD could help initiate screening and risk prevention approaches. Herein, this study aimed to detect several maternal and neonatal risk factors for ASD in Egypt. Methods In this case-control study, mothers of children with ASD who were visiting Beni-Suef University Hospital in Egypt (n = 268) were compared to mothers of children without ASD attending one primary school with a kindergarten (n = 504) regarding their preconception, conception, and postconception characteristics. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the possible associations between the collected data and the odds of ASD. Results In the multivariable-adjusted models, urban residence: OR (95% CI) = 2.33 (1.60–3.38), relative father: 2.63 (1.74–3.96), history of diabetes: 5...
Dubai Medical Journal
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by deficits in social-emotional reciprocity and associated behavioral symptoms. The goal of this study was to examine perinatal risk factors for ASD and their correlates in a tertiary care hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 87 children diagnosed with ASD using the DSM-5 criteria, who were born between 1999 and 2014, and diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, and 134 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Data were collected from hospital medical records. Associations between ASD and maternal, birth, and neonatal risk factors were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results: Maternal fever was associated with ASD (p = 0.018), with 0% in the control group and 5% in the cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a trend for an association between high birthweight (>4,000 g) and ASD (95% CI: 0.76–59.93, p = 0.086). Concl...
Background: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopment disorder associated with impairment of social communication and abnormal response to some environment stimuli. The aim: Determining maternal risk factors associated with autism and help in prevention, early detection, and intervention. Methodology: A case-control study design comprised all autistic children aged 3-6 years registered at Jeddah Autism Center during October 2016 (No. 27). With 1:3 ratio, eighty-one non-autistic controls attending kindergartens, age and sex-matched to autistic children were included in the study. Paper-based Arabic questionnaire was designed for the study. Results: Most patients were males, mainly diagnosed at age of 3-<4 years. Most of their parents were highly educated, with monthly income between 5000-10000 SAR. Positive family history of autism was more significant among cases than controls (p<0.05, OR;9.017, 95% CI:3.550-23.363). Cases were born for mothers aged ≥30 years and fathers aged ≥40 years more than controls. Parents consanguinity, post-term delivery, macrosomia and fetal distress during labor were more among cases. A lower percentage of cases were discharged from the hospitals with their mothers after delivery, as well as exclusively breastfed. Significantly more cases had neonatal jaundice than controls (p<0.05, OR;3.250, 95% CI:1.275-8.284). Conclusions: Incidence of autism in Jeddah is higher among males who are diagnosed mainly between age of 3-4 years. Some characteristics are associated with cases of autism. However, differences are significant to a positive family history of autism and occurrence of neonatal jaundice.
Autism disorder is a complex condition that involves problems with communication and behavior and has no clear cause. but studies suggest that genes can work along with influences from the environment to influence development in ways that lead to autism. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of autism disorder in the city of Al-Bayda and the possible causes of its occurrence. The study population comprised 90 participants (69 male and 21 female, age ranges, 2-15 years) At baseline, autism disorder was more prevalent in males than female (77 % vs. 23%). Meanwhile, the prevalence of autism disorder increased with advanced the mother's age (31%, 69%, among the mothers who were 19 to 35, 36 to 51 years of age, respectively), including the mother's conditions during pregnancy, where the percentage of autism baby deliver from mother suffered from a psychological condition was 52%, mothers constantly carried mobile phones 48%, and mother suffered from diseases during pregnancy 26%. Another cause of autism are environmental factors, as the percentage of children who watch TV constantly was 83%. Genetic factors play important rule to increase the chance of autism incidence, where 8% of autism cases came from parents of consanguinity with 33%.
Research Square (Research Square), 2024
Objective We aimed to investigate the role of pre-, peri-and neonatal risk factors in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Armenian children with the goal of detecting and addressing modi able risk factors to reduce ASD incidence. Design We conducted a retrospective case-control study using a random proportional sample of Armenian children with ASD to assess associations between various factors and ASD. The study was approved by the local ethical committee, and parental written consent was obtained. Results A total of 168 children with ASD and 329 controls were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, maternal weight gain, use of MgB6, self-reported stress during the pregnancy, pregnancy with complications, as well as use of labor-inducing drugs were associated with a signi cant increase in the odds of ASD, whereas Duphaston use during pregnancy, the longer interpregnancy interval and birth height were associated with decreased odds of ASD. Conclusion These ndings are pertinent as many identi ed factors may be preventable or modi able, underscoring the importance of timely and appropriate public health strategies aimed at disease prevention in pregnant women to reduce ASD incidence.
Perinatal complications as predictors of infantile autism
This study investigated the relationship between reported perinatal complications and autism. The biological mothers of 183 autistic children and 209 normals completed the Maternal Perinatal Scale (MPS), a maternal self-report that surveys complications of pregnancies and medical conditions of the mother. Previous research in this area has been limited, with no definitive conclusions. A discriminant analysis was performed to consider perinatal complications as predictors between the autistic and normal subjects. Using the MPS, 65% of the autistic cases were correctly grouped. The results further indicated significant differences on 3 of the 10 factors of the MPS, in particular, Gestational Age, Maternal Morphology, and Intrauterine Stress. When considered in an item by item fashion, 5 items were found to significantly predict group membership (prescriptions taken during pregnancy, length of labor, viral infection, abnormal presentation at delivery, and low birth weight). Finally, 3 maternal medical conditions were found to be highly significant and contribute to the separation between groups, including urinary infection, high temperatures, and depression.
Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors associated with autism spectrum disorder
Jornal de Pediatria, 2016
Objective: To identify prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by comparing them to their siblings without autistic disorders. Method: The present study is cross sectional and comparative. It was conducted over a period of three months (July-September 2014). It included 101 children: 50 ASD's children diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria and 51 unaffected siblings. The severity of ASD was assessed by the CARS. Results: Our study revealed a higher prevalence of prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors in children with ASD in comparison with unaffected siblings. It showed also a significant association between perinatal and postnatal factors and ASD (respectively p = 0.03 and p = 0.042). In this group, perinatal factors were mainly as type of suffering acute fetal (26% of cases), long duration of delivery and prematurity (18% of cases for each factor), while postnatal factors were represented principally by respiratory infections (24%). As for parental factors, no correlation was found between advanced age of parents at the moment of the conception and ASD. Likewise, no correlation was observed between the severity of ASD and different factors. After logistic regression, the risk factors retained for autism in the final model were: male gender, prenatal urinary tract infection, acute fetal distress, difficult labor and respiratory infection. Conclusions: The present survey confirms the high prevalence of prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors in children with ASD and suggests the intervention of some of these factors (acute fetal distress and difficult labor, among others), as determinant variables for the genesis of ASD.
Association of Perinatal Risk Factors with Autism Spectrum Disorder
American journal of perinatology, 2017
Objective To examine the association between exposures to perinatal factors and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Study Design A retrospective cohort study of ASD among children born in Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals between 1991 and 2009 (n = 594,638). Medical records were used to determine exposure to perinatal (antepartum and intrapartum) complications. ASD was diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Result Children with ASD were more likely to be exposed to perinatal complications (HR = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.21) than neurotypical children. Children exposed to antepartum (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10-1.36) and intrapartum (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17) complications were at increased risk of ASD. The risk was even greater when both antepartum and intrapartum conditions were present (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.26-1.63). Conclusion Exposure to antepartum or intrapartum complications increases ...
Archives of Iranian medicine, 2019
BACKGROUND There is no clear picture regarding the prevalence rates of autism and its comorbidities among Iranian children and adolescents. The present study aimed to estimate these rates as part of a large national population-based study on epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS The total sample consisted of 31000 children and adolescents between 6 to 18 years of age. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Present and Life time version (K-SADS-PL) was used as the diagnostic tool. RESULTS The prevalence of autism in the total sample is equal to 0.1% (10 per 10000), with a 2:1 male-to-female ratio. In total, 86% of people with autism had at least one comorbid condition. Intellectual disability, epilepsy, enuresis and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with prevalence rates of 70.3%, 29.7%, 27% and 21.62%, respectively, were the most prevalent comorbid conditions in people with autism. M...
Scientific reports, 2024
We aimed to investigate the role of pre-, peri-and neonatal risk factors in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Armenian children with the goal of detecting and addressing modifiable risk factors to reduce ASD incidence. For this purpose a retrospective case-control study using a random proportional sample of Armenian children with ASD to assess associations between various factors and ASD was conducted. The study was approved by the local ethical committee, and parental written consent was obtained. A total of 168 children with ASD and 329 controls were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, maternal weight gain, use of MgB6, self-reported stress during the pregnancy, pregnancy with complications, as well as use of labor-inducing drugs were associated with a significant increase in the odds of ASD, whereas Duphaston use during pregnancy, the longer interpregnancy interval and birth height were associated with decreased odds of ASD. These findings are pertinent as many identified factors may be preventable or modifiable, underscoring the importance of timely and appropriate public health strategies aimed at disease prevention in pregnant women to reduce ASD incidence.