Experiences of Well-Being in Retirement: A Phenomenological Study (original) (raw)
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The lived experience of well-being in retirement: A phenomenological study
International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being, 2016
This phenomenological study aimed to identify and describe the general meaning structure of the experience of well-being after retirement. We interviewed nine retirees about their lived experiences with well-being and analysed the data with Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological method. The general meaning structure described well-being in retirement as a phenomenon that interweaves four constituents: (1) an awareness of and gratitude for a healthy and functioning body, (2) a new experience of time presenting possibilities for action, (3) a heightened sense of agency, and (4) being-in-place in relationships. We discuss these findings in relation to relevant literature of successful aging, the perception of time, eudaimonic and hedonic well-being and generativity. Our findings contribute to the field by comprehensibly describing the phenomenon of well-being as it is experienced by retirees, which we conclude to be a valuable contribution for initiatives promoting well-being in ret...
PLOS global public health, 2024
Retirement is a pivotal life transition that often changes routines, identity, and objectives. With increasing life expectancies and evolving societal norms, examining the interplay between retirement anxiety and life satisfaction is vital. This study delves into this relationship, recognising the complexities of retirement. A systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. Research from 2003 to 2023 was sourced from databases like CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Google Scholar, focusing on diverse methodologies and outcomes related to retirement registered in Prospero database (CRD42023427949). The quality assessment used an eight-criterion risk of bias scale, and analyses included qualitative and quantitative approaches, such as random-effects metaanalysis and moderator analyses. After reviewing 19 studies with varied geographical and demographic scopes, a mixed relationship between retirement and life satisfaction emerged: 32% of studies reported a positive relationship, 47% were negative, and 21% found no significant correlation. Meta-analysis indicated high heterogeneity and non-significant mean effect size, suggesting no consistent impact of retirement on life satisfaction. Moderator analyses highlighted the influence of measurement tools on outcomes. The findings reveal a complex interplay between retirement anxiety and life satisfaction, stressing the need for holistic retirement policies that encompass mental health, social integration, and adaptability, focusing on cultural sensitivity. Challenges include potential biases in data sources, methodological diversity, the scarcity of longitudinal studies, and difficulties in addressing recent societal shifts, like the COVID-19 pandemic. Variability in measurement tools and possible publication bias may have also influenced results. This study contributes to understanding retirement, emphasising the relationship between retirement anxiety and life satisfaction. It advocates for ongoing, detailed, culturally informed research to grasp retirement's multifaceted aspects fully.
2014
The demographic profile of Malaysian is experiencing the major shifts and it has led to a new phenomenon emerged so called aged society. This new phenomenon has spawned into the public sector, as response to situation Malaysian government has taken action by increasing the legal retirement age from 58 to 60 years old. However, this age cohort usually had been perceived as economically non-productive and facing health problems by many, thus this action just provide an immediate form of solution rather a long-term determination. Due to that problem , a proper pension trajectory precautionary measure is significant for public retirees and strong ties of social networks is needed for maintaining their financial dependency. The social networks is important in providing them with a 'sense of belongingness' with others, could help them feel more confidence after getting retired. Therefore, this research will identify the important of pension trajectories for public retirees and how...
Baguio Central University Retirees: Their Journey after Retirement
Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (CJMS), 2024
This study ventured into the Baguio Central University retirees and their journey after retirement. Specifically, it sought to answer the following queries: their insights for working beyond the retirement age; the challenges they encountered in going back to work after retirement; the coping strategies they employ to mitigate the impact of the challenges they encounter in going back to work after retirement; the advice on retirement they could give to employees. The research design employed was Qualitative Research using the Interview Method. The target informants of this study were the retirees from 2019 to 2022 expecting 10 retirees which were chosen through convenience sampling. However, only seven (7) retirees were available, accessible and willing as participants in this study. An in-person or a face-to-face interview using a semi-structured interview guide questions was conducted to elicit the needed data from the informants for analysis. The study reveals the following findings: 1) Majority of the participants anticipated and expected their retirement; 2) The participants felt mixed emotions while waiting for the day of their retirement: worry, excitement, regret; 3) Since they anticipated their retirement, the participants prepared themselves financially, emotionally, physically and emotionally while others thought of other recourse in case they are not rehired; 4) The participants had varied reasons of going back to work after retirement: personal, professional, financial; 5) The participants consulted their families in their decision of going back to work after retirement in recognition of the importance and role of family in making crucial decision; 6) The participants expressed their gratitude, happiness and satisfaction when they were rehired; however, they found a big disparity in terms of reduced compensation and benefits which they used to enjoy as regular employees; 7) Majority of the participants accepted that they encountered challenges in going back to work after retirement: physical, economic and emotional but the coping mechanisms they employed somehow mitigated the impact of these challenges in the workplace; 8) Majority of the participants manifested their desire to continue working after being rehired although some were contemplating other plans like engaging in some income-generating activity, go on travel, rest and recreation, attend to family concerns neglected due to full time work; and 9) The participants advised the future retirees to prepare themselves physically, emotionally and financially while waiting for their retirement.
The Anxiety In Facing Retirement For Indonesian National Army Soldiers
Sains Humanika
The aim of this research is to discover the correlation between anxiety level of retirement and self-adaptation, social support, years of service and age on Indonesian National Army Soldiers at Kodim (Military District Command). This research used a quantitative research method carried out on 97 soldiers at Kodim. The sampling method used cluster random sampling. This research used three measurement scales. The anxiety of retirement scale consisted of 23 items with the coefficient correlation starts from 0.377-0.653 and a reliability coefficient of 0.723. The social support scale consisted of 29 items with a coefficient correlation starts from 0.369–0.775 and a reliability coefficient of 0.936. The self-adjustment scale consisted of 40 items with a coefficient correlation starts from 0.325-0.249 and a reliability coefficient of 0.959. There are five models to be analyzed in this study, using regression analysis of two predictors and partial correlation with the assistance of SPSS ve...
Retirement Well-Being: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Temas em Psicologia
The objective of this systematic literature review was to investigate the variables that would improve well-being in retirement by analyzing relevant empirical studies. In the literature search, six keywords (retirement, positive psychology, well-being, satisfaction, happiness and quality of life) were used in six international academic portals. This search identifi ed 403 articles, and those meeting the preestablished inclusion criteria were extracted. The 55 articles selected were analyzed based on nine categories: language, year, journal, country, objective, dependent variable, instruments, independent variables and results. The studies had a longitudinal, transversal design or reported on instrument creation and validation. The literature review pointed out a large number of variables, confi rming the multidimensionality of the constructs. Aspects highlighted include health, economic situation, gender, marital status, interpersonal relationships, whether retirement was voluntary, retirement duration and leisure activities. A compilation of variables and an agenda for future studies are proposed based on the results of this review.
2016
ABSTRACT Current demographic trends worldwide such as the aging of the baby boomers and growth in average life expectancy highlight the importance of understanding how retirement affects the quality of life in old age. While much data are available on population aging, late-life depression and quality of life of the elderly, there is a lack of relevant information about the life lived by professionals after retirement. This research study aimed at filling the gap and expanding knowledge about the quality of life after retirement. Furthermore, since many countries especially the ASEAN region where we are part of, need to re-assess their policies and the provision of services to meet the demands of an increasing proportion of older people who will eventually retire, the result of this study may help in the formulation of the pre-retirement program for professionals, paving the way for a smooth transition in retirement. This study used descriptive correlational approach. The sociodemographic profile and the retirement conditions were determined. Their level of depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was also assessed. The quality of life (QoL) of retired professionals in Metro Dumaguete using the Older People’s Quality of Life (OPQOL) assessment instrument was determined. Further, the association between these variables was also determined. One hundred forty-six (146) retired professionals in Metro Dumaguete participated in the study. The frequency and percentages of the variables were computed and Chi-square was used to test the statistical significance of the correlation between the variables.When the sociodemographic profile and retirement conditions were correlated, factors such as marital status specifically being married and the number of years after retirement showed significant results. Majority of the retired professionals have retired within 5 years to 15 years and most of them are married. The number of years after retirement and the civil status of the retirees have a significant relationship. This study also revealed, based on the Spearman’s rho analysis, that there is a weak negative association between the levels of depression and the quality of life of the retirees.Respondents who have low levels of depression ranked high on the quality of life index; on the other hand, those who have high levels of depression have a lower quality of life. Many factors influence the significance of this relationship. The respondents are all professionals and many studies have found that education level is an important factor influencing quality of life. Also, the income level is an important factor influencing health, well-being and quality of life. Overall, the retired professionals are not depressed and their quality of life as generally alright. All other variables when correlated showed no significant relationships but were suggestive. The result of this study through the pre-retirement program guides those who would retire, their families and their community, and the ASEAN countries through the government and non government organizations. New information as a result of the study guides and enhances nursing practice and nursing education in the care of middle to old age clients especially in the concept on gerontology nursing. Further studies on the levels of depression and quality of life of retired professionals in a larger population and other survey scales should be done. Key words: retirement, quality of life, late life depression, pre-retirement program
Risk factor analysis stress in retirement
Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences
Stress is the reaction of the body to circumstances which cause pressure, shift, emotional distress, it can cause stress in the elderly who have retired. The aim of the research was find the factors that cause stress in retired elderly people. This research was used methods of qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Samples were collected in the Bangbayang Village Government Area through snowball sampling of as many as 7 (seven) elderly retirees. The results of this study indicate that of the elderly with ages of 60 years up to 2 people, 63 years up to 1 person, 66 years up to 1 person, 1 person 70 years old, 1 person 74 years old and 1 person 75 years old. There are five factors that cause stress in older retirees, such as: factors of social support, factors of economic status, current employment factors, factors of self-acceptance, and factors of life independence. Of the five stress-causing causes, 3 main factors faced by certain elderly pensioners are related to aspect...
Influence Retirement Self-Actualisation
2008
This article reports on an investigation of factors that influence self-actualisation during retirement. The aim of the research was to make recommendations on how to enhance the self-actualisation of retiredpeople. The research explored the retirement experiences of a purposefully selectedgroup of white retirees living in the George area in South Africa. Focus groups were conducted with 12 males and 12 females. Four groups were formed according to whether retirees were married or widowed and lived in retirement villages or independently Findings indicate that retirement is a life stage full of challenges and that adjustment to these is a pre-requisite for self-actualisation. Adjustment and self-actualisation are enhanced by certain types of behaviour, as well as personal and social resources. Programmes can be designed to support retirees. The programme content should include the retirement phenomenon, key life areas in retirement, personal resources, adjustment-oriented responses ...
Revista de Psicología Social, 2013
Early retirement is a kind of occupational withdrawal that affects a heterogeneous group of workers. In order to identify types of retirees with similarities in their way of exiting from working life, satisfaction with post-working life and socio-demographic characteristics, we administered an adaption of the Retirement Satisfaction Inventory (Floyd et al., 1992) to a sample of 638 Spanish early retirees. Data using cluster analysis showed two major groups of retirees: workers who desired to accept the offer of early retirement and non-volunteers. Regarding the first group, the results show that pursuing personal interests during postworking life motivates their organizational exit. They reported less pressure from their employers during the exit process, and experienced high levels of freedom and control of their lives after leaving work. However, nonvolunteer retirees stated that pressure from their employers was the reason for their early retirement. Within this group, two subgroups can be identified as a function of their educational level and professional status. The description of the experience of transition to retirement and satisfaction with post-working life is an approach aimed to understand a complex and heterogeneous experience.