Modelling of life cycle cost of conventional and alternative vehicles (original) (raw)
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Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2020
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of buses operated by urban public transport companies powered by alternative fuels and equipped with alternative drive systems. In addition to economic factors, operators should also take environmental aspects into account when purchasing new vehicles. In this case, a useful criterion for selecting a vehicle is the Life Cycle Cost (LCC), which, in addition to the cost of purchasing a bus, takes into account the necessary expenses associated with its maintenance, operation, decommissioning, as well as emissions costs. This paper presents a study of the LCC values, estimated for the entire bus fleet based on several bus replacement variants, taking into account different shares of alternative buses in the transport fleet. Analyses have shown that replacing conventional buses by the compressed natural gas (CNG) powered buses will reduce life cycle cost by 27% compared to the LCC level in 2019. Increasing the share of ...
Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina, 2019
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A Model for Predicting Motor Vehicle Life Cycle Cost and its Verification
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In the paper there is a draft of a general model to be used for calculating life cycle costs and determining an optimum period of durability of a motor vehicle. This model is created in the MATLAB software environment. The paper contains calculations and input data which are necessary for making a model that would predict motor vehicle life cycle costs and determine the optimum period of durability. The suggested model might be used for working out life cycle costs of a new vehicle type for which the costs have not been determined yet. This model can also be applied when comparing several types of motor land vehicles of the same category during purchase. It is advisable to use the model mainly during tenders, since life cycle costs are one of the major criterion when selecting a supplier. The model enables us to calculate not only life cycle costs, but also vehicle amortization which depends upon mileage and age of a vehicle. All cumulative values might be transformed into unit valu...
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Life Cycle Analysis of Green Vehicles
International governments, including the USA and UK, are aiming to reduce the GHG emissions of transport and are particularly supporting the uptake of lithium-ion battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid petrol-electric vehicles (PHEV) through tax incentives and grant schemes. US President Obama aims for one million EVs to be sold by 2020 in the USA (Lutsey and Sperling, 2012) while the UK government has equally ambitious aims to create an entirely ‘ultra-low emissions’ fleet by 2040 (Gibbs, 2014), ultra-low emissions being less than 100gCO₂/mile. EU legislation is set at 130 gCO2/km by 2015 and 95g/km by 2021 (EC, 2014), meaning the standard inclusion of (at least) hybrid technology in every car. The aims of this report are to evaluate the available evidence of the life-cycles of BEVs, HEVs, petrol, diesel and biodiesel cars, to see how ‘green’ BEVs are, compared to these already existing fleet options. Examples of life cycle assessments (LCA) shall be evaluated for reliability of the evidence used, identifying any uncertainties in data that has been used to formulate results. A conclusion regarding how BEVs may be improved in the future to fulfil their potential to mitigate for global GHG emissions from an ever-growing passenger car fleet shall be made, with improvement suggestions put forward.