Properties of Ternary Cementitious Concrete Matrix Containing Rice Husk Ash and Coconut Husk Ash (original) (raw)
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Strength Of Ternary Blended Cement Concrete Containing Cassava Waste Ash And Coconut Husk Ash
This work investigated the compressive strength of ternary blended cement concrete containing cassava waste ash (CWA) and coconut husk ash (CHA). 105 concrete cubes of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm were produced with OPC-CWA binary blended cement, 105 with OPC-CHA binary blended cement, and 105 with OPC-CWA-CHA ternary blended cement, each at percentage OPC replacement with pozzolan of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Three cubes for each percentage replacement of OPC with pozzolan and the control were tested for saturated surface dry bulk density and crushed to obtain their compressive strengths at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 50, and 90 days of curing. The 90-day strengths obtained from ternary blending of OPC with equal proportions of CWA and CHA were 26.20N/mm 2 for 5% replacement, 25.00N/mm 2 for 10% replacement, 24.10N/mm 2 for 15% replacement, 22.40N/mm 2 for 20% replacement, and 21.80N/mm 2 for 25% replacement, while that of the control was 24.00N/mm 2 . The results show that very high concrete strength values could be obtained with OPC-CWA-CHA ternary blended cement when high control measures are applied and at longer days of hydration. Thus, OPC-CWA-CHA ternary blended cement concrete could be used in civil engineering and building works where early strength is not a major requirement.
Strength of Ternary Blended Cement Concrete Containing Corn Cob Ash and Pawpaw Leaf Ash
2013
The need to reduce the high cost of cement in order to provide accommodation for the populace in South Eastern Nigeria and other places has led to intensified efforts at sourcing local materials that could be used as partial replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in civil engineering and building works. Bakar, Putrajaya, and Abdulaziz (2010) assert that supplementary cementitious materials prove to be effective to meet most of the requirements of durable concrete and that blended cements are now used in many parts of the world. Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ] is obtained as one of the hydration products of OPC. When blended with Portland cement, a pozzolanic material reacts with the lime to produce additional calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), which is the main cementing component. Thus the pozzolanic material serves to reduce the quantity of the deleterious Ca(OH) 2 and increase the quantity of the beneficial C-S-H. Therefore, the cementing quality is enhanced if a good pozzolanic material is blended in suitable quantity with OPC (Dwivedia et al., 2006). Much literature exists on binary blended systems where OPC is blended with different percentages of a pozzolan in making cement composites (Adewuyi and Ola, 2005; Elinwa and Awari, 2001; De Sensale, 2006; Saraswathy and Song, 2007). Attempts have been made to produce and use pozzolanicrice husk ash (RHA) commercially in several countries (Cisse and Laquerbe, 2000). Malhotra and Mehta (2004) have reported that ground RHA with finer particle size than OPC improves concrete properties, including that higher substitution amounts results in lower water absorption values and the addition of RHA causes an increment in the compressive strength. Mehta and Pirtz (2000) had earlier investigated the use of RHAto reduce temperature in high strength mass concrete and got result showing that RHA is very effective in reducing the temperature of mass concrete compared to OPC concrete. Sakr (2006) investigated the effects of silica fume (SF) and RHAon the properties of heavy weight concrete and found that these pozzolans gave higher concrete strengths than OPC concrete at curing ages of 28 days and above. Cordeiro, Filho, and Fairbairn (2009) carried elaborate studies of Brazilian RHA and rice straw ash (RSA) and demonstrated that grinding increases the pozzolanicity of RHA and that high strength of RHA, RSA concrete makes production of blocks with good bearing strength in a rural setting possible. Their study showed that combination of RHA or RSA with lime produces a weak cementitious material which could however be used to stabilize laterite and improve the bearing strength of the material. Habeeb and Fayyadh (2009) investigated the influence of RHA average particle size on the properties of concrete and found that at early ages the strength was comparable, while at the age of 28 days, finer RHA exhibited higher strength than the sample with coarser RHA. Wada et al. (2000) demonstrated that RHA mortar and concrete exhibited higher compressive strength than the control mortar and concrete. Agbede and Obam (2008) investigated the strength properties of OPC-RHA blended sandcrete blocks. They replaced various percentages of OPC with RHA and found that up to 17.5% of OPC can be replaced with RHA to produce good quality sandcrete blocks. Rukzon, Chindaprasirt, and Mahachai (2009) studied the effect of grinding on the chemical and physical properties of rice
Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering, 2023
The field of structural engineering has in recent times begun to widen its scope from the traditional analysis and design, into the development of new structural materials. This is because the use of non-renewable materials in forming and framing structural projects are raising serious environmental concerns bothering on sustainability of materials, especially cement, to produce structural concrete. Cement has been found to be a major contributor to greenhouse gases which affect the environment negatively. Waste from both the industrial and agricultural industries are gradually becoming sources of material to partly replace cement in concrete because of their pozzolanic properties. The agro-based pozzolanic materials include Rice husk Ash (RHA), Saw dust ash (SDA), Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) amongst others. To further widen the scope and resource base of pozzolanic materials for concreting, ternary blends consisting of agro-based pozzolans are being researched into. These research efforts however appear to be uncoordinated, and thus there is a need to juxtapose these efforts together to see the extent of work done on such ternary blends and present their relevant structural properties. This is with a view to helping identify gaps in such research as a means of preventing wastage of research energies. This paper presents a review of structural properties of some agro-based ternary blends used in structural concrete. It is concluded that more research effort is needed, especially in the development of practical and acceptable guidelines that will aid their application in concrete, for sustainable production of structural concrete.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agricultural waste which is a pozzolanic material that can be blended with cement in producing concrete. This research presents investigation carried out on the comparative strength characteristics of concrete produced with grade 25 and grade 30 cement blended concrete using a replacement level of 10% rice husk ash as substitute. Two mix ratios (1:2:4 and 1:1.12:3.01) were used. A total of 60 cube size of 150mm were cast, tested and their mechanical properties determined. The RHA was made in the laboratory by burning the husk obtained from Ifo in Ogun State Nigeria using an Electric furnace, with the temperatures of the furnace at about 700°C. The results showed that the compressive strength at 28 days decreased as the percentage replacement of Portland Limestone cement (PLC) with RHA increased from 0% to 10% respectively with compressive strengths of 29.78 N/mm2 to 21.56 N/mm2 for grade 25 concrete and 32.12 N/mm2 to 26.82 N/mm2 for grade 30 concrete. It w...
IRJET, 2020
Cement is the most widely used material in the world after water. It finds its major use in concrete. Cement usage is not very environmentally beneficial .To make it sustainable we have to make use of the waste materials without compromising its strength and durability. Hence we have in this paper an experimental study was made on the effects of using Rice Straw Ash (RSA) & (GGBS) as a partial replacement of cement in mortar. Cement replaced with GGBS not only increase the compressive strength but also its tensile, splitting and flexural strength properties. Locally available rice straw being waste product was burnt to ash in uncontrolled manner. There is enhancement of strength of mortar due to excess amount of SiO2 in RSA and CaO in GGBS. Replacement of cement with RSA& GGBS will also lead to reduction of construction cost. Control specimens with ordinary portland cement was made, and in other hand specimens with cement which is replaced with (5% and 10% of RSA) and (10% and 20% of GGBS) by weight of cement. All the specimens are cured in normal room temperature and it can be tested for 7, 14 and 28 th days. The compressive strength tests were conducted on specimens. The addition of these SCM's boosted the results and they can be further used.The results are tabulated. Based on the results obtained, conclusion and suggestion are made.
European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences
Rapid urbanization through infrastructural development has resulted in depletion of natural resources leading to effects of flooding, global warming with incidents of health issues. A more ecofriendly way to solve this problem is through the adoption, use and invention of more ecofriendly concrete composite. Therefore, this research investigated the effect of replacing blended mix of soyabeans hull ash (SBHA) and groundnuts shell ash (GSA) in concrete production. A total of 108 cubes of 100mm x 100mm x 150mm were cast. The study specifically determined the physical and chemical properties of Soybean hull ash and groundnut shell ash, setting time and the compressive behavior of the concrete cubes. 6 mixes were produced with identities T0, T10, T20, T30, T40 and T50, the cubes were cured in water at 7, 14, 28 56, 90 and 180 days. The result shows an increase in compressive strength with increase in days of hydration. On 28 days curing, the strength of the ternary composites cured in w...
Materials Science Forum, 2014
The use of pozzolanic material from waste product as partial cement replacement in concrete contribute to reduce the environmental, economic problem through their waste and as well enhance the strength and properties of concrete. Rice husk ash (RHA) is one of the industrial waste that suitably used as a cement replacement due to its pozzolanic properties which can enhance the properties of concrete. In this study, the workability, compressive strength and water absorption of the concrete containg RHA is investigating. The chemical content of RHA also investigated by using X-ray Fluorescence Test (XRF). The different RHA percentage of 5%, 15% and 25% were used in this study with burning temperature 650°C. The concrete cube of size 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm were prepared and cured for 7, 14 and 28 days. Based on result, it was concluded that the optimum RHA replacement for cement in this report was 5 %, which provided the highest compressive strength at 28 days.
Advances in Civil Engineering, 2021
Over the last decade, there has been a surge in research into possible cement substitute materials in concrete that are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and socially beneficial. The alternatives include industrial and agricultural wastes, and their potential advantages can be achieved through recycling, repurposing, and renewing processes. With the use of these wastes as additional and replacement materials, significant energy savings and a reduction in cement use can be achieved, which helps to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the environment. Therefore, the use of rice husk ash (RHA) and wheat straw ash (WSA) as ternary cementitious material (TCM) in concrete can help reduce the impact on the environment and minimize the use of Portland cement (PC) in the concrete mixture. This research work is performed on the concrete blended with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of RHA and WSA as TCM in the mixture. However, the purpose of this experimental work is to investigate the ...
Structural properties of sustainable concrete developed using rice husk ash and hydrated lime
Journal of Building Engineering, 2019
Sustainability in construction encourage the incorporation of rice husk ash in concrete. While the properties of such concrete have been sufficiently established in the literature, the properties of concrete incorporating blended rice husk ash and lime as partial replacement for cement in concrete has not been reported. This study seeks to fill the identified research gap. In this research, RHA and lime were blended and used to replace conventional cement at different percentages to form RHA-Lime concrete. Results from strength test showed that RHA-Lime concrete exhibited higher early strength in comparison to the control. However, the early strength development was impaired by lime leaching. Also, RHA-Lime cement mixes were found suitable for use in structural concrete and can replace conventional cement up to 25%. The inclusion of lime enhanced pozzolanic reaction, hence the strength properties of RHA-Concrete. RHA-Lime mixes can therefore serve a viable alternative to conventional cement in concrete.
Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 2020
An experimental study has been executed to examine long-term strength and durability characteristics of concrete mixes incorporating three types of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), namely rice husk ash (RHA); metakaolin (MK); and silica fume (SF) as substitution to cement content. These SCMs were mixed in binary-and/or ternary-blended form in the cement-bound composites having percentages of replacement in range between 5 and 10%. Seven different types of mixes were prepared and assessed for workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and water absorption. For evaluating short-and long-term strengths, the concrete specimens were tested at curing age of 3, 7, 28, 56 and 180 days, whereas 28, 56 and 180 days of curing age were chosen to assess the water absorption value. Results revealed that considered SCMs decrease the strength of matrix up to 28 days of curing but aids in restoring it in later ages. For all mixes, experimental results indicate that the substitution of RHA and MK, or RHA and SF while altering cement content increases the composite potential in resisting higher loads in compression as well in tension, while on other side, degrades the water absorption capacity. A multivariable nonlinear regression model having higher order of accuracy has also been proposed for estimating compression strength, tension strengths and the water absorption capacity along with analysing cost and economic benefits of utilising SCM concrete.