Effectiveness of bioremediation process in hydrocarbon - contaminated soils (original) (raw)
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International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2014
Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil is an effective process to clean petroleum contaminant from the environment. In this study, we isolated 39 native crude oil degrading bacteria from different crude oil contaminated soils. From 16S rDNA sequences, we confirmed that the isolated bacteria belong to the genera Lysinibacillus, Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Alcaligenes, Delftia, Achromobacter and Pseudomonas. Four most effective strains (designated as AS03, N108, N002 and N78) were used for batch culture and microcosm evaluation. Gas chromatography analysis, further confirmed that the strain AS03, N108, N002 and N78 were able to degrade crude oil under both shake culture and microcosm study. Under microcosm, the soil quality was further improved significantly in the treatments of BF1-Mix (N108-AS03) and BF2-Mix (N002-N78). The improvement of soil quality was also confirmed by earthworm mortality bioassay and in plant test on rice (Oryza sativa) and mung (Vigna radiata). These findings demonstrated that the combine use of crude oil degrading bacteria along with nutrient supplements could revive crude oil contaminated soil effectively in large scale.
Animal Research International (2024) 21(2): 5443 – 5452, 2024
The bacteriological and physicochemical quality of crude oil-polluted soil undergoing laboratory-scale bioremediation was evaluated. Soil samples were collected from an abandoned oil field in the Gio community, Ogoni land, Nigeria. Four different bioremediations experimental setups comprised of the polluted soil only (A), polluted soil with bacterial consortium (B), polluted soil with NPK fertilizer (C) and polluted soil with cow dung (D) were employed in the degradation of crude oil-derived hydrocarbons present in the soil and monitored for 40 days. During treatment, there was an increase in total culturable heterotrophic bacterial count (TCHBC) and total culturable hydrocarbon utilising bacterial count (TCHUBC), especially in the test treatment (B) which experienced about 22.2% increase in TCHUBC. The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration reduced over treatment time by 33.8, 62.3, 61.49, and 40.25% respectively, for Samples A, B, C and D. Overall, pH reduced from highly acidic tending towards neutral pH. There was also an overall reduction in the percentage of moisture and phosphate concentration. There was an initial increase in nitrate concentration at day 20 for all samples but a decline in concentration at day 40. There was a 71% reduction in TOC in Sample A, 83% reduction in Sample B, and 79 and 24% reduction in samples C and D. This study has demonstrated the effectiveness of each treatment approach in the degradation of hydrocarbons, especially the use of indigenous bacterial consortium from polluted soil. The role of bacterial consortium in bioremediation proves their ability to clean hydrocarbon-impacted systems for environmental restoration.
Bioremediation Potential of Native Hydrocarbons Degrading Bacteria in Crude Oil Polluted Soil
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture
Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil is an effective process to clean petroleum pollutants from the environment. Crude oil bioremediation of soils is limited by the bacteria activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Native crude oil degrading bacteria were isolated from different crude oil polluted soils. The isolated bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Bacillus. A natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum were used for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal from an artificial polluted soil. For soil polluted with 5% crude oil, the bacterial top, including those placed in the soil by inoculation was 30 days after impact, respectively 7 days after inoculum application, while in soil polluted with 10% crude oil, multiplication top of bacteria was observed in the determination made at 45 days after impact and 21 days after inoculum application, showing once again how necessary is for microorganisms habituation and adap...
This study was carried out to isolate bacteria for bioremediation of petroleum polluted soils. Five samples were used for isolation in this study. They were four soil samples in addition to one kerosene sample. The soil samples including soils contaminated by crude oil and gas oil and two soil samples with no outward contamination which were collected from Shiraz Oil Refinery sites. Seven strains were selected among the isolated colonies for further experiments. The selected isolates were cultured in standard succinate medium (SSM) minimal medium in which 2.5% v/v kerosene was used as carbon source. In another bacterial SSM culture, carbon, sulfur or nitrogen source was removed and 20% v/v kerosene added to check the ability of isolates to utilizekerosene as sole source for C, N and S. Finally, cultures of four strains with higher growth in modified SSM cultures were selected for GC analysis. In this study they were named C2 and C4 which were isolated from crude oil contaminated soil and SI1 and SI2 isolated from soils with no outward contamination. GC analysis showed that C2 could degrade 69% of 5% v/v kerosene in 7 d, while C4 and SI1 degraded 48% and 42% of 5% v/v kerosene during this 7-d period respectively, and the degradation ability of SI2 was 38% after 7 d. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed that C2 was close to Citrobacter sedlakii, C4 and SI1 were related to Entrobacter hormeachei and SI2 was close to Enterobacter cloacae, respectively.
BIOMED natural and applied science, 2022
Mishandling of petroleum products has been a significant source of environmental pollution and health hazards. Many microorganisms have the ability to utilize hydrocarbons as the sole source of carbon and these microorganisms are widely distributed in nature. Five (5) sites in Keffi, Nigeria were sampled to isolate hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and fungi. The hydrocarbon products utilized were petrol, gear oil and engine oil. The hydrocarbon utilization was determined using the spectrophotometric method. A total of two (2) bacteria and two (2) fungi species were identified as the highest utilizers of the hydrocarbon products. The hydrocarbon utilization rate at the best temperature (37 O C), pH (7) and time (28 days) was assessed. The utilization (mg/ml) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for petrol ranges from 1.97±0.05, 1.31±0.034 for gear oil and 1.52±0.035 for engine oil. Alcaligenes faecalis utilization ranges from 2.2±0.022 for petrol, 1.57±0.031, for gear oil and 1.86± 0.034 for engine oil. Trichoderma harzianum ranges from 1.98 ±0.012 for petrol, 1.23±0.003 for gear oil and 1.73±0.008 for engine oil. Purpureocillium lilacinum ranges from 1.98±0.03 for petrol, 0.92±0.006 for gear oil and 1.39±0.035 for engine oil. The effect of microbial consortium on hydrocarbon utilization (mg/ml) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis ranges from 1.83 ±0.035 for petrol, 1.33 ± 0.023 for gear oil and 1.46 ± 0.015 for engine oil. Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillium lilacinum range from 1.88 ± 0.041 for petrol, 1.45 ± 0.026 for gear oil and 1.63 ± 0.011 for engine oil. While a microbial consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis, Trichoderma harzianum and Purpureocillium lilacinum ranges from 2.09 ± 0.002 for Petrol, 1.85 ± 0.031 for gear oil and 1.97 ± 0.034 for engine oil. P.aeruginosa, A. faecalis, T. harzianum and P. lilacinum constitute an effective microbial consortium for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soil.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 2017
A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the impact of bioaugmentation plus biostimulation (BR, added both nutrients and bacterial consortia), and natural attenuation (NA) on hydrocarbon degradation efficiency and microflora characterization during remediation of a freshly contaminated soil. After 112 days of remediation, the initial level of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) (61,000 mg/kg soil) was reduced by 4.5% and 5.0% in the NA and BR treatments, respectively. Bioremediation did not significantly enhance TPH biodegradation compared to natural attenuation. The degradation of the aliphatic fraction was the most active with the degradation rate of 30.3 and 28.7 mg/kg/day by the NA and BR treatments, respectively. Soil microbial activities and counts in soil were generally greater for bioremediation than for natural attenuation. MiSeq sequencing indicated that the diversity and structure of microbial communities were affected greatly by bioremediation. In response to bioremedi...
Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Petroleum Products Using Associated Microbes
2015
The present study was undertaken to determine the bacterial species present in the petroleum contaminated soils of various workshops and to analyze the rate of utilization of petroleum products by the isolates. The soil samples were collected from 5 different mechanic shops located in Tiruchirappalli Corporation, Tamil nadu, India. Soil samples were plated on to nutrient agar, desoxycholate citrate agar, brilliant green agar, blood agar etc., to isolate the bacterial species from the soils contaminated with petroleum products. The bacterial isolates isolated from the soil contaminated with petroleum products were Pseudomonas sp., Micrococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Salmonella sp., E.coli sp., Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp. Among the varied bacterial isolates Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., utilized all the test substrates as petrol, diesel and kerosene. The study demonstrates that Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., could utilize petroleum products in the soil environment.
Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 2018
The bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs)-polluted soils was studied by an ex-situ, lab-scale, biopile experiment with different parameters: aeration rate (1 h day −1 and 2 h day −1), soil moisture (44% and 60%), and microorganisms consortia addition (320 and 640 mL). The trial was conducted using eight treatment cells, each having different parameters, and one control cell for 18 weeks on soil containing 7600 ± 400 mg kg −1 total PHCs, taken from a former petroleum product warehouse in Sfantu Gheorghe, Covasna County (Romania). The microorganisms used for bioremediation were isolated from the native microflora of the polluted soil and grown in laboratory on culture media. A bioremediation yield up to 76% was obtained in the test cells, while in the control cell the reduction of PHCs content by 16% was attributed to natural attenuation. The results indicated that by addition of microorganisms the bioremediation is much more effective than natural attenuation. The results also revealed an accentuated decrease in PHC concentrations after 4 weeks of treatment, irrespective of the treatment conditions.