SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF RENAL TUMORS 4 CM. OR LESS IN A CONTEMPORARY COHORT (original) (raw)
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Comparison of Open and Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy for Renal Tumors 4–7 Centimeters
European Urology, 2012
Background: Indications for partial nephrectomy (PN) in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma are evolving, particularly for larger, more complex tumors. Objective: Compare single-institution outcomes for minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for tumors >4-7 cm. Design, setting, and participants: A total of 2290 patients underwent PN from 2002 to 2010 at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; 280 had >4-7 cm renal cortical tumors. Of these 280 patients, 230 had pT1b, 48 had pT3a, and 2 had angiomyolipomas; 226 underwent OPN and 54 underwent MIPN (16 robot-assisted and 37 laparoscopic procedures). Perioperative management was uniform on the clinical pathway. Perioperative data, clinicopathologic variables, complications within 30 d, and oncologic outcomes were reviewed. Measurements: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Complications were reported from prospectively collected data based on a modified Clavien system. The Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for descriptive statistical analysis. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate survival. Results and limitations: Median follow-up for OPN and MIPN was 29 and 13 mo, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists score, laterality, histologic subtype, tumor size, tumor stage, or margin status between procedures. Univariate analysis revealed significantly greater values in the OPN group for preoperative eGFR, renal artery clamp time, estimated blood loss, use of renal hypothermia, and length of stay. Differences in overall survival and recurrence-free survival were not statistically significant; however, short median follow-up times limit comparison. There was no significant difference in the number of complications grade !3 ( p = 0.1) or urine leaks requiring intervention ( p = 0.7). Limitations include the retrospective nature of the study and the possibility of selection bias. Conclusions: OPN and MIPN procedures performed in patients with tumors >4-7 cm offer acceptable and comparable results in terms of operative, functional, and convalescence measures, regardless of approach.
Open Partial Nephrectomy for Small Renal Tumours: Technical and Oncological Outcomes
PAFMJ, 2021
Objective: To assess the safety and oncological outcomes of Open Partial Nephrectomy in management of small renal tumours. Study Design: Case series. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2015 to Dec 2018. Methodology: We prospectively studied 61 patients with renal tumours either observed on computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) having size ≤7cm and underwent open partial nephrectomy. The collected data included demographics, dimension of tumour, indication for surgery, cold ischemia time, hospital stay, complications and histopathological finding including involvement of margins. Patients were followed up for atleast 2 years. Results: Among 61, 39 patients were male and 22 females. The age of patients ranged from 20-72 years. Mean cold ischaemia time was 24.7 ± 6.37 minutes. Except for 2 patients with Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease, all other patients had solitary renal growth. Nine (14.75%) patients h...
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 2007
Background: Partial nephrectomy has been considered an effective and efficient method in the treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma. Herein, we retrospectively review our experience with partial nephrectomy in the treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma and compared it with patients who received radical nephrectomy. Methods: From 1982 to 2005, 35 patients who received partial nephrectomy for localized renal cell carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Ten patients were female (28.6%). The median age was 70 years (range, 42-82 years). Sixteen (45.7%) patients had pathologic T1a tumors; 17 (48.6%) patients had pathologic T1b tumors and 2 (5.7%) patients had pathologic T2 tumor (7 cm). In the meantime, 128 patients who had T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma and who received radical nephrectomy were assigned to a control group. Thirty-nine patients (30.5%) were female in this group. The median age was 62 years (range, 30-83 years). The tumor characteristics, location, surgical techniques and patient survival were subsequently compared. Results: The median tumor size in the partial nephrectomy group was 3.9 cm (range, 1.5-7.0 cm), and it was 4.5 cm (range, 1-6.5 cm) in radical nephrectomy group. The tumor size was smaller in the partial nephrectomy group (p = 0.003). The median follow-up period was 4.38 years (range, 0.05-17.99 years) in the partial nephrectomy group and 5.66 years (range, 0.01-22.25 years) in the radical nephrectomy group. There was no local recurrence or distant metastasis in the partial nephrectomy group. The 5-year overall survival was 85.0% compared with 91.4% in the radical nephrectomy group (p = 0.126). The 5-year disease-specific survival in the partial nephrectomy group was 100%. The postoperative serum creatinine level increased to > 2.0 mg/dL in 5 (14.3%) patients in the partial nephrectomy group, but no patient needed hemodialysis during follow-up. Conclusion: From our review, partial nephrectomy is safe and provides excellent disease control in the treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma in selected patients. Renal function preservation was observed in the partial nephrectomy group, while the operated kidney showed functioning in the follow-up nuclear medicine survey. [J Chin Med Assoc 2007;70 : [281][282][283][284][285]
Urologic oncology, 2017
Although partial nephrectomy (PN) is the standard treatment for localized clinical T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC), treatment of larger renal tumors is controversial. We evaluated the oncological outcomes and perioperative complications after radical and PN for RCC ≥4cm. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 2,373 patients surgically treated for nonmetastatic RCC with clinical T1b or T2 (≥4cm). The propensity scores for surgery type were calculated, and the partial group was matched to the radical group in a 1:3 ratio. The oncological outcomes were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify the independent predictors of progression-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival. All differences in preoperative clinical characteristics disappeared after matching. There were no significant differences in progression-free, cancer-specific, or overall survival between the partial and radical groups in the matched cohort. The patients&...
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer, 2014
Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is recommended for renal tumors < 7 cm and allows better overall survival with oncological results similar to radical nephrectomy. We retrospectively analyzed data from 168 patients treated using NSS for large tumors. In this selected population, patients with elective indication had favorable oncological and morbidity outcomes. NSS indications could be expanded beyond the 7 cm cutoff. Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate morbidity, functional, and oncological outcomes after NSS in renal tumors > 7 cm. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 168 patients with tumors > 7 cm who were treated using NSS between 1998 and 2012. Results: Imperative and elective indications accounted for 76 (45.2%) and 92 (54.8%) patients, respectively. Major perioperative complications and renal function deterioration occurred in 33 (19.6%) and 51 patients (30.4%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, age older than 60 years (P ¼ .001; hazard ratio [HR], 5) and tumor malignancy (P ¼ .014; HR, 6.7) were prognostic factors for renal function deterioration whereas imperative indication was a risk factor for major postoperative complications (P ¼ .0019; HR, 2.7). In 126 (75%) patients with malignant tumors, after a median follow-up of 30 months (range, 1-254 months), 25 patients (20.2%) died. In multivariate analysis, imperative indication (P ¼ .023; HR, 4.2), positive surgical margin (P ¼ .021; HR, 3.3), and Fuhrman grade > II (P ¼ .013; HR, 3.7) were prognostic indicators for cancer-free survival (CFS). Imperative indication (P ¼ .04; HR, 8.5) and Fuhrman grade > II (P ¼ .04; HR, 3.9) were predictive factors of cancer-specific survival (CSS). In case of elective indication, positive surgical margin, local recurrence, and Clinical Genitourinary Cancer Month 2013 -1 cancer-related death occurred in 4 (7.6%), 1 (1.1%), and 1 (1.1%) cases, respectively. For elective indication, 5-year estimates of CFS, CSS, and overall survival rates were: 85.7%, 98%, and 93.9%, respectively. Conclusion: In this selected population, imperative vs. elective indication status seems to play a critical role in oncologic outcomes. Oncologic results for elective indications are close to those reported with radical nephrectomy.
Asian Journal of Surgery, 2006
OBJECTIVE: Greater availability and utilization of modern radiological imaging modalities have resulted in an increase in the incidental discovery of renal cell carcinoma. Such tumours tend to be smaller than their symptomatic counterparts and may potentially be adequately treated using nephron-sparing surgery. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients who were diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma of 4 cm or less between January 1990 and December 2001 was conducted to review clinical presentation, surgical management and survival. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 102 patients who underwent surgery, of 402 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma over the study period. Sixty-eight patients (67%) had tumours detected incidentally. Thirty patients (29%) were managed with partial nephrectomy and 72 (71%) with radical nephrectomy. The median tumour size was 3.0 cm (range, 1.5-4.0 cm). Overall, median follow-up was 60 months (range, 1-148 months). Overall 5-year survival for patients who underwent partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy was 96.6% and 85.8%, respectively. Cancer-specific 5-year survival was 100%. CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of patients had incidental diagnosis of small renal cell carcinoma. Local control may be achieved with either radical or partial nephrectomy, with excellent survival expected. [Asian
Partial nephrectomy: alternative treatment for selected patients with renal cell carcinoma
Urology, 1998
Objectives. To analyze the experience and the results of partial nephrectomy in a single institution over the last 10 years in order to optimize patient selection and minimize morbidity. Methods. This is a retrospective chart review of 64 patients (mean age 56.6 years, range 18 to 88; 43 men, 21 women) who underwent 66 partial nephrectomies at the Brigham and Women's Hospital between 1987 and 1997. Preoperatively, 62% of the patients had no symptoms, whereas 38% had pain and/or hematuria. The indications were elective in 23 patients, solitary kidney in 28 (14 with bilateral asynchronous tumor), bilateral synchronous tumor in 7, von Hippel-Lindau disease with normal contralateral kidney in 3, lymphoma in 3, and other indications in 2 patients. Surgery was performed for solid or indeterminate renal mass suspected of being renal cell carcinoma in 58 patients. Results. The most common final pathologic diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma in 47 procedures. One or more complications occurred after 18 procedures (15 with solitary kidney and 3 in patients with normal contralateral kidney) or 27% of the patients. The most common complication was an increased creatinine level (two times the baseline), occurring in 10 procedures (15.1%). Transfusion was necessary in 37 of 66 procedures (56%), and the mean blood loss was 836 cc (range 100 to 3200). Regarding renal function, 85% of the patients had a minimal increase in creatinine of less than 0.5 mg/dL after surgery (all patients with a normal contralateral kidney are in this group); 3 patients required either temporary (n ϭ 1) or permanent (n ϭ 2) dialysis. Other complications are also described. The mean length of stay among 65 patients was 6.5 days (range 3 to 14). The differences between length of stay, blood loss, and tumor size were statistically significant between the solitary kidney group and the elective indications group (P Ͻ 0.001). Conclusions. Nephron sparing surgery is feasible and relatively safe in patients with a normal contralateral kidney. Awareness of potential complications should aid in the selection of appropriate patients for this procedure. UROLOGY 52: 584-590, 1998.
Outcome of Stage T2 or Greater Renal Cell Cancer Treated With Partial Nephrectomy
The Journal of Urology, 2010
Partial nephrectomy for stage T1 renal cell carcinoma is oncologically efficacious and safe, and may have survival advantages. We describe our experience with partial nephrectomy for T2 or greater renal cell cancer. Materials and Methods: Between 1970 and 2008 approximately 2,300 partial nephrectomies were done at our institution, including 69 for sporadic unilateral advanced stage tumors (pT2 in 32, pT3a in 28 and pT3b in 9). We reviewed outcomes in these patients compared to those in 207 treated with radical nephrectomy matched 3:1 for stage, tumor size, baseline renal function, age and gender. Results: The risk of cancer specific (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.43-1.50, p ϭ 0.489) and overall (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.72-1.71, p ϭ 0.642) death was similar for partial nephrectomy. At a median of 3.2 years of followup 15 patients (22%) with partial nephrectomy had metastatic disease vs 69 (33%) with radical nephrectomy (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.42-1.29, p ϭ 0.29). Four patients (6%) with partial nephrectomy had isolated local recurrence vs 7 (3%) with radical nephrectomy (HR 2.11, 95% CI 0.62-7.22, p ϭ 0.234). In the partial nephrectomy group 12 (17%) and 2 cases (3%) were complicated by urine leak and retroperitoneal bleeding requiring intervention, respectively. The median serum creatinine increase was 9.5% (IQR 0-22) vs 33% (IQR 20-47) for partial vs radical nephrectomy (p Ͻ0.001). Conclusions: Partial nephrectomy for T2 or greater renal cell carcinoma preserves renal function and appears to achieve oncological outcomes similar to those of radical nephrectomy. The role of partial nephrectomy in patients with T2-3 tumors and a normal contralateral kidney deserves further consideration and study.