ASSESSMENT OF PLANTAR ARCH INDEX AND FLAT FOOT AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF DAWAKIN KUDU LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KANO, NIGERIA (original) (raw)
The arches of the feet are important in protecting the internal structures of the body from impact forces while it mainly helps in transferring the internal forces to the ground and are also involved in lifting the body weight and mainly shock absorption With respect to the medial longitudinal arch some prominent deformities can be observed-high arch i.e., Cavus foot and low arch i.e., flat foot also known as Pes planus. The deformities are responsible for inefficient transmission of forces leading to foot diseases. The aim of this research project is to assess the planter arch index and flat foot among the adolescent residents in Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. This is useful in creating awareness about the plantar arch deformities and the cause for the deformity. The parameters used in measuring the plantar arch height are Staheli's plantar arch index and arch angle. The study design was cross-sectional study and a Sample size of 457 participants from Dawakin kudu local government area, Kano. Was selected comprising of 204 males and 253 females, aged between 10-19 years. Informed consent from the participants and ethical clearance from our institute was obtained. Printing Nigerian ink was applied on the soles of both the feet of each pareticipants and dynamic footprints were obtained on A4 size papers. Analysis of the results was done. Flat foot was determined using Staheli plantar index (PI) and values ≥ 1.15 were considered flat footed. The result of the present study showed that 267 (58.4%) population were flat footed and 190 (41.6%) population were normal footed. The correlation between age, BMI, Right and Left Footprint Parameters, was observed that there was no significant relationship between all the variable except for Right with left Planter Arch Index were significant relationship was reported between them at (P <0,05). Students' two samples-t-test was carried out to determine sexual dimorphism it was showed the significant difference between Male and Female Footprint Parameters in RPAI only with Males having higher mean value in RPAI and females having higher mean value in LPAI. This research project it may serve as an early warning sign of structural and functional defects of the foot in a young population and can provide help for making appropriate footwear for persons with pesplanus.Also the present study suggests that simple ink print method is a cost effective and easier way of diagnosing flat feet deformity clinically using PAI.
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