Morphological, Physicochemical, and Molecular Evaluation of Twenty-Three Date Palm Males Growing in Aswan Governorate (original) (raw)
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Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
Artificial pollination is a prerequisite to achieve a sufficient yield of palm trees; hence the identification of superior male palm trees as a standard pollen source for date palm growers has a high priority. The current study was carried out to assess phenotypic diversity among four date palm males namely Hayani, Meghal, Fardh, and Ghannami Ahmer. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships between palm genotypes were performed using eighteen quantitative morphological parameters of both vegetative and reproductive parts (leaf, leaflets, spines, and spathe). Principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering was performed to identify the differences and similarities between the studied genotypes. Results showed significant differences in morphological parameters between the four male palm trees. Most of the selected morphological parameters could be used as quantitative markers for the identification of date palm male genotypes. Principal component analysis showed ...
Comparison study among pollen grains of three date palm males cultivars (phoenix dactylifera L
This investigation was carried out at the Central Laboratory for Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt during two successive seasons, 2013&2014. The aim of the current work was to investigate the viability, chemical compositions and fine structure of pollen grains of three date palm cultivars, i.e. Siwi, Barhi and Bartmouda. The results indicated that pollen grains viability differed from one date male to another, pollen grains of Barhi recorded the highest viability by acetocarmine and germination methods. Pollen grains of Siwi recorded the highest values of total carbohydrates, total amino acids, free amino acids, N, K, P and Mg. Pollen grains of Barhi recorded the highest concentrations of Ca, B, Cu and Zn. Pollen grains of Bartmouda recorded the highest concentrations of Fe and Mn. Using the scanning electron microscope, it was possible to distinguish among the pollen grains of the three cultivars (Siwi, Barhi and Bartmouda).
This study was undertaken during two successive seasons (2012/2013) on mature date palm (Siwi Cv.) cultivated at a private orchard located in El-Badrashin district, Giza Governorate, Egypt. Pollinizers were selected from five different sources of pollen grains (Giza, Aswan, New valley, Noubaria, and Rashid). DNA amplification fingerprinting analysis has been performed to investigate phylogenetic relationships among Siwi Cv. and other five pollinizer sources of date palm. A set of universal decamer primers was used to generate DNA fragments from different varieties in order to evaluate genetic distances between the tested varieties and to construct phylogenetic relationship. The aim of this study was determined the influence of different pollen grains sources from different regions of date palms on the Siwi cultivar. Final obtained results showed clearly the superiority of pollinizers selected from Rashid and Noubaria than other pollinizer sources since it gave the highest fruit set, retention, bunch weight and yield/palm in both seasons. Moreover, the best fruit quality at two seasons was obtained from palm pollinated by both Rashid and Noubaria pollinizer sources. Genetic analysis showed that Rashid and Noubaria varieties, characterized by their opposite fruit qualities, seem to be dissimilarly related to the others. Our data provides evidence of RAPDas a powerful technique which may be used to get phenetic information within Egyptian date-palm varieties.
Characterization and Evaluation of Six Male Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Genotypes in Egypt.
he available numbers of date palm males are insufficient for efficiently pollinating the increased female date palms in Egypt. Most of date palm males available for pollinating different female cultivars are mainly originated from seed propagation; resulting in many different local males that represent a source of genetic diversity. Characterization and evaluation of the present male pollen as a superior one for each female cultivar should be the first step to establish an intensive program to produce superior (highly potent) males through different procedures. Six local male date palm genotypes were subjected to characterization and evaluation using morphological attributes of trunk, crown, leaves, inflorescence, pollen grain attributes and pollen fertility as well as leaf protein profile. The compatibility between the studied male genotypes and Zaghloul female cultivar was evaluated. Clear variations in morphological aspects of spathes were recorded, including number of spathes per palm tree, average weight of complete spathe, number of spikelets, number of flowers per each spikelet, and the resulted pollen grain weight. The genetic fingerprint at protein level showed that male number. 1 is more related to Zaghloul female cultivars. The viability testing showed that the pollen grains ranged from 85.24 % to 98.5% using the aceto-carmine method, whereas it ranged from 80.1 to 95.54% when using the germination method. Male genotype number 1, 2 and 6 are more related to each other as well as Zaghloul female cultivars than other studied male genotypes. These three male genotypes may be originated from Zaghloul seeds and it is more compatible to zaghloul female cultivars than other studied male genotypes.
Morphological Study (Vegetative and Floral) of Twelve Date Palm Male Cultivars
2019
The study was conducted during the growing seasons of 2017 2018 on twelve date palm male cultivars in Samawah city, Muthanna Governorate, Iraq with the aim of identifying vegetative and floral characteristics, as well as the vitality of the pollen grains and their germination percentage for twelve males (Khadairy, Shalhoum, Ardawi, Bandar, Ereojan, Habiti, Fahl Zuhdi, Abu Kafisha, Atishi, Sweihi, Abu Tair, Nabhar). The study included 21 vegetative appearance characteristics and 19 floral appearance characteristics. The results showed differences among the male cultivars in the vegetative characteristics of the plant, in which, Bender cultivar recorded the highest length of leaf which was 500 cm. According to the analysis of the main components, the vegetative characteristics were divided into three main components. The male cv. Sweihi gave the highest percentage of pollen vitality which was 91.71% while Ereojan recorded the lowest percentage which was 85.94%. Bandar recorded the hig...
Effect of Pollen Source on Yield,Quality and Maturity of “Barhi” Date Palm
2009
To study the effects of pollen grain source on yield, maturity and fruit quality of “Barhi” date palm cultivar, three local and three commercial male trees were used in the 2002 season. Results indicated that pollinating trees with “Aqaba” male gave the least fruit set while those pollinated with “Boyer” and “Dayyat1” gave the highest set. In addition, the highest fruit weight recorded when trees were pollinated with “Mejhool” and “Aqaba” males; however, the least weight was with those pollinated with “Boyer”. The highest flesh weight % was for trees pollinated with “Aqaba” and “Barakah” while those pollinated with “Boyer” gave the least flesh %. Also, pollinating trees with “Barakah” hastened maturity of “Barhi” while pollinating trees with “Aqaba” delayed it. However, no effect was observed of pollen source on productivity of “Barhi” date palm.
HortScience, 1995
The type of pollens of the date palm trees could affect on the outward and physical characteristics of date fruits, so far to determine its qualitative and quantitative aspects (15). Therefore careful selection of proper pollen for pollination of the date palms is considered of high importance. This research work was conducted to select the best pollinizers and to study the effects of pollens of five varieties of male trees, from Shahdad area, on the outward and physical characteristics of `Jiroft Mazafati'. For analyzing the results of this experiment, a completely randomized block statistical project was implemented for a period of 2 years from 1991 to 1993. The site of this experiment was in Jiroft area in Kerman Province. In this experiment, after pollination samples of fruit were collected during unripe (Kharak), ripe, and dry fruit stages and required information were recorded. Fruit length and diameter, seed length and diameter, weight of fruit, weight of seed, pulp weigh...
Effect of Pollen Source on Yield, Quality and Maturity of 'Mejhool'Date Palm
dar.ju.edu.jo
To study the effects of pollens on yield, maturity and fruit quality of "Mejhool" date palm cultivar, several local and commercial male trees were used. High fruit set was obtained when spathes were pollinated with "Aqaba" and "Dayyat1" on the 2003 season and with "Jarvis", "Aqaba", "Boyer" and "Barakah" on the 2004 season. Also, spathes pollinated with "Aqaba" pollen on the 2003 season and with "Dayyat1" and "Mejhool" on the 2004 season gave the highest fruit weight, while those pollinated with "Boyer" (2003 season) and "Jarvis" (2004 season) pollen gave the least fruit weight. In addition, spathes pollinated with "Aqaba" increased fruit maturity while those pollinated with "Barakah" male delayed it. The highest fruit flesh weight was when spathes were pollinated with "Barakah", "Jarvis" and "Dayyat1", while those pollinated with and "Mejhool" gave the least flesh weight.
Date Palm Pollen: Features, Production, Extraction and Pollination Methods
Agronomy
Date palm pollen (DPP) plays a very important role in the fertilization process, since its viability and the pollination method influence on the quality, development, and yield of the fruit. In the present study, a broad review of its main characteristics, consumption, and DPP production are presented, as well as a description of its extraction methods and viability tests. The evolution of the pollination methods used in the date palm is also presented, from its natural pollination to the use of specialized mechanical and electrical devices, as well as the use of dry DPP and the current trend towards the use of DPP in liquid suspension. Likewise, the efficiency of the methods of natural pollination (wind); traditional (strands placement); dusting hand; dusting with manual, mechanical, or electric pollinator; and liquid pollination were evaluated from the fruit set percentage (FSP). Finally, starting from a scientometric analysis, the pollination methods were widely discussed, conclu...
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
In order to determine the variation and the degree of diversity among the most well-known Saudi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), this study applied various widely detectible fruit and seed features. The properties of the fruit and seeds were described using ten phenotypic traits. Eighteen date palm varieties from six production sites were used in this study (Ḥaʼil, Al-Madina, Al-Hassa, Al-Qassim, Kharaj, Najran). The data was analysed by Pearson r correlation. The principal components analysis (PCA) and UPGMA clustering were used to analyse the data set. According to PCA, the results showed significant variation among the analysed varieties. Our data shows that seed ratio varies among all varieties. The mean seed weight ratio varies between 4 and 13%. Varieties ‘Raziz’, ‘Lubab’ and ‘Wasily’ demonstrate higher seed ratio (over 10%). Whereas, Fankha depicts a 5 and 4% fresh and dry seed ratio. The statistical analysis indicates that the seed ratio in all 18 varieties is comparable ...